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Alpheidae


Alpheidae
Alpheus digitalis
Klasifikasi ilmiah

Alpheidae adalah famili caridean udang gertak, ditandai dengan memiliki capit asimetris, yang lebih besar biasanya mampu menghasilkan suara gertakan yang keras. Nama umum lainnya untuk hewan dalam kelompok adalah udang pistol atau udang alpheid.[1]

Keluarganya beragam dan tersebar di seluruh dunia, terdiri dari sekitar 1.119[butuh rujukan] spesies dalam 38 genera atau lebih.[2] Dua genera yang paling menonjol adalah Alpheus dan Synalpheus, dengan spesies yang berjumlah masing-masing lebih dari 250 dan 100.[3][4] Sebagian besar udang gertakan menggali liang dan merupakan penghuni umum terumbu karang, dataran lamun yang terendam, dan terumbu tiram. Sementara sebagian besar genus dan spesies ditemukan di perairan pantai dan laut tropis dan beriklim sedang, Betaeus mendiami laut dingin dan Potamalpheops hanya ditemukan di gua air tawar.

Saat berkoloni, udang gertak dapat mengganggu sonar dan komunikasi akustik bawah air. Udang ini dianggap sebagai sumber utama kebisingan di laut.[5]

Referensi

  1. ^ Parker, Sybil, P. (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company. 
  2. ^ A. Anker; S. T. Ahyong; P. Y. Noel; A. R. Palmer (2006). "Morphological phylogeny of alpheid shrimps: parallel preadaptation and the origin of a key morphological innovation, the snapping claw". Evolution. 60 (12): 2507–2528. doi:10.1554/05-486.1. PMID 17263113. 
  3. ^ W. Kim; L. G. Abele (1988). "The snapping shrimp genus Alpheus from the Eastern Pacific (Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae)". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 454 (454): 1–119. doi:10.5479/si.00810282.454. 
  4. ^ Fenner A. Chace Jr. (1988). "The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907–1910, Part 5: Family Alpheidae" (PDF). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 466: 1–99. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-03-12. Diakses tanggal 2022-06-16. 
  5. ^ "Shrimp, bubble and pop". BBC News. September 21, 2000. Diakses tanggal July 2, 2011. 


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