Aminopeptidase

Struktur 3D aminopeptidase.

Aminopeptidase adalah enzim yang dapat menghidrolisis ikatan peptida pada bagian ujung N pada suatu protein. [1] Enzim ini memiliki banyak kesamaan dengan karboksipeptidase, akan tetapi karboksipeptidase memotong pada bagian ujung C suatu protein.[1] Banyak organisme yang mampu menghasilkan enzim ini, seperti bakteri, fungi (cendawan), tanaman, hingga hewan mamalia.[2][3] Terutama pada mamalia, aminopeptidase banyak berperan dalam menjaga kesehatan tubuh terhadap serangan berbagai jenis penyakit.[4] Oleh karena itu, enzim ini sering diaplikasikan di bidang farmasi.[4] Selain itu, enzim ini juga mulai diterapkan di bidang bioteknologi dan agroindustri.[5]

Aminopeptidase dapat dibagi menjadi 3 golongan, yaitu:

  • aminoasil- dan iminoasilpeptidase (EC 3.4.11)[6]
  • dipeptidil- dan tripeptidil peptidase (EC 3.4.14)[6]
  • dipeptidase (EC 3.4.15) dan tripeptidase (EC 3.4.14.4).[6]

Beberapa contoh aminopeptidase adalah leusil aminopeptidase, aspartil aminopeptidase, dan metionil aminopeptidase.[1]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c Poliana J, MacCabe AP. 2007. Industrial Enzymes; Structure, Function, and Applications. Dordrecht: Springer. Halaman: 247-248. ISBN 978-1-4020-5376-4
  2. ^ Gonzales T, Robert-Baudouy J. 1996. Bacterial aminopeptidases: properties and functions. FEMS Microbiol 18:319-344.
  3. ^ Tu CJ, Park SY, Walling LL. 2003. Isolation and characterization af neutral leucine aminopeptidase (LapN) of tomato. Plant Physiol 132:243-255.
  4. ^ a b Scornik OA, Botbol V. 2001. Bestatin as an experimental tool in mammals. Curr Drug Metab 2:67–85.
  5. ^ Seppo L, Jauhiainen T, Pousa T, Korpela R. 2003. A fermented milk high in bioactive peptides has a blood pressure-lowering effect in hypertensive subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 77:326–330.
  6. ^ a b c Sanderink GJ, Arthur Y, Siest G. 1988. Human aminopetidasea: review of the literature. J Clin Chem Biochem 26:795–807.

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