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Anti-gravitasi

Sebuah gedung dengan 7 sosok yang berada dibawahnya.

Anti-gravitasi adalah sebuah hipotetis fenomena yang menciptakan tempat atau benda yang bebas dari gaya gravitasi. Anti-gravitasi sama sekali tidak berhubungan dengan kurangnya gaya gravitasi ketika berada di orbit. Anti-gravitasi adalah konsep yang berulang dalam fiksi ilmiah, khususnya dalam konteks propulsi pesawat ruang angkasa.

Anti-gravitasi sering digunakan untuk merujuk kepada alat yang tampak seolah-olah melawan gravitasi meskipun mereka beroperasi melalui cara lain. Seperti hoverboard, yang terbang di udara dengan menggunakan medan elektromagnetik.[1][2]

Apa yang sering disalahartikan adalah bahwa meskipun anti-gravitasi bekerja dengan menghilangkan gaya gravitasi, anti-gravitasi tidak bekerja dengan menghasilkan gaya gravitasi negatif. Pelat gravitasi dan kompensator seperti yang dibayangkan dalam fiksi ilmiah kontemporer juga bukan anti-gravitasi.

Upaya untuk memahami gravitasi

Kemungkinan menciptakan anti-gravitasi bergantung kepada pendeteksian dan deskripsi gravitasi pada dimensi kuantum. Sampai tahun 2020, fisikawan belum dapat menemukan sifat gravitasi quantum.[3]

Selama musim panas tahun 1666, Isaac Newton mengamati sebuah apel yang jatuh dari pohon di kebunnya, dengan demikian ia menyadari akan prinsip gravitasi universal.[4] Albert Einstein (1879-1955) mengartikan bahwa gravitasi terjadi secara spesifik dalam situasi fisik materi dan ruang yang bersatu, di mana gravitasi terjadi sebagai akibat materi yang menyebabkan deformasi geometris ruang angkasa yang berbentuk datar,[5] dalam Grundgedanken der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie und Anwendung dieser Theorie in der Astronomie dan Zur allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie, keduanya diterbitkan pada tahun 1915.[6][7] Einstein, mengatakan dalam keduanya secara independen, dan dengan Walther Mayer, berusaha untuk menyatukan teori gravitasi Einstein, teori relativitas umum, dengan elektromagnetisme, menggunakan karya Theodor Kaluza ( 1921),[8] dan James Clerk Maxwell, dalam upaya-nya untuk memasukkan gravitasi dengan teori medan kuantum.[9]

Referensi

  1. ^ Thompson, Clive (August 2003). "The Antigravity Underground". Wired. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 August 2010. Diakses tanggal 23 July 2010. 
  2. ^ "On the Verge of Antigravity". About.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-23. Diakses tanggal 23 July 2010. 
  3. ^ "Fermilab | Science | Inquiring Minds | Questions About Physics". www.fnal.gov. Diakses tanggal 2020-08-19. 
  4. ^ "Newton's Apple Tree - Physics, The University of York". www.york.ac.uk. Diakses tanggal 2020-08-19. 
  5. ^ Papachristou, Costas J. (2016-03-02). "Electromagnetic waves, gravitational waves and the prophets who predicted them". arXiv:1603.00871 [physics]. 
  6. ^ Albert Einstein Grundgedanken der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie und Anwendung dieser Theorie in der Astronomie (Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, 1915 (teil 1), 31), Zur allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie (Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, 1915 (teil 2), 778–786, 799–80) Retrieved 2019-06-16
  7. ^ Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne, John Archibald Wheeler Gravitation, p. 1231, Princeton University Press, 24 October 2017 ISBN 0691177791, ISBN 9780691177793, Diakses pada 2019-06-16
  8. ^ Kaluza, Theodor (1921). "Zum Unitätsproblem in der Physik". Sitzungsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. (Math. Phys.): 966–972. Bibcode:1921SPAW.......966K.  https://archive.org/details/sitzungsberichte1921preussi
  9. ^ "EINSTEIN, Albert (1879-1955). Autograph manuscript, comprising calculations and arguments from the Einheitliche theorie von Gravitation un Elektrizitt (Unified Theory of Gravitation and Electricity), n.p., n.d. [1931], including equations numbered 34-42 [from Part 5, Die Krmmung bezglich des V5 (The Curvature relating to V5)], one page (numbered '15'), 283 x 224mm (a few cancellations and corrections, 2 tiny red pencil marks, slight wear to edges)." www.christies.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2020-08-19. 


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