Lantanida

Cerium ultra murni dengan argon

Lantanida atau lantanoid adalah kelompok unsur kimia yang terdiri dari 15 unsur, mulai lantanum (La) sampai lutesium (Lu) pada tabel periodik, dengan nomor atom 57 sampai 70. Skandium, itrium, dan semua lantanida dikenal sebagai logam tanah jarang. Semua lantanida, kecuali lutesium, adalah unsur blok-f yang berarti bahwa elektronnya terisi sampai orbit 4f. Golongan ini diberi nama berdasarkan lantanum. Prometium merupakan satu-satunya unsur lantanida yang radioaktif, dengan paruh waktu isotop paling stabilnya (145Pm) hanya 17,7 tahun.

Unsur-unsur didalam kolom lantanida

Lantanida memiliki 15 unsur, yaitu

Karakteristik

Z Unsur Jumlah elektron/kelopak Konfigurasi elektron
57 lantanum 2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2 [Xe] 5d1 6s2
58 serium 2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2 [Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
59 praseodimium 2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f3 6s2
60 neodimium 2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f4 6s2
61 prometium 2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f5 6s2
62 samarium 2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f6 6s2
63 europium 2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f7 6s2
64 gadolinium 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2 [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
65 terbium 2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f9 6s2
66 disprosium 2, 8, 18, 28, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f10 6s2
67 holmium 2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f11 6s2
68 erbium 2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f12 6s2
69 tulium 2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f13 6s2
70 iterbium 2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2 [Xe] 4f14 6s2
71 lutesium 2, 8, 18, 32, 9, 2 [Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2

Lihat Juga

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