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O

O adalah huruf Latin modern yang ke-15, disebut o. Dalam bahasa Indonesia dibaca [o].

Sejarah

Hieroglif Mesir
"mata" 
Proto-Semitik
‘en 
Fenisia
ain 
Yunani Kuno
omikron 
Yunani Modern
omikron 
Etruria
Latin Modern
O

Huruf O berasal dari huruf Semit `Ayin (mata) yang melambangkan konsonan, kemungkinan konsonan desis hulu kerongkongan bersuara (ʕ), yang juga dilambangkan oleh huruf Arab ع (`Ayn). Huruf Semit dalam bentuk asalnya tampaknya diilhami oleh bentuk hieroglif Mesir untuk "mata".

Bangsa Yunani mengadakan inovasi huruf; oleh sebab tiadanya konsonan hulu kerongkongan, maka mereka meminjam huruf ini menjadi huruf omikron untuk melambangkan bunyi /o/, yaitu bunyi yang kemudian ditetapkan untuk huruf ini dalam bahasa Etruska dan Latin. Dalam tulisan Yunani, wujud huruf ini berlainan untuk membedakan bunyi o panjang (Omega, "O besar") dengan o kecil (Omikron, "o kecil").

Penggunaan

Huruf O paling banyak dikaitkan dengan vokal belakang setengah tertutup bulat [o] dalam berbagai bahasa. Bentuk ini disebut long o 'o panjang' dalam bahasa Inggris, tetapi huruf o ini berbunyi diftong ([əʊ]); di Amerika pula [oʊ].

Dalam bahasa Inggris juga ada short O, 'o pendek' dengan berbagai pelafalan. Dalam kebanyakan dialek Britania Raya, huruf ini diucapkan sebagai vokal belakang terbuka bulat [ɒ]; di Amerika Utara diucapkan antara bunyi vokal belakang atau tengah tak bulat, baik [ɒ], [ɑː] maupun [a] bergantung pada dialek daerah.

Dwihuruf umum seperti OO, melambangkan bunyi /ʊ/ atau /uː/; OI biasanya melambangkan diftong /ɔɪ/; dan OA, OE, dan OU melambangkan berbagai pelafalan tergantung konteks dan etimologi.

Berbagai bahasa menggunakan O dengan nilai yang berbeda, biasanya sebagai lambang vokal belakang. Huruf pinjaman seperti Ö dan Ø diciptakan untuk sistem tulisan pada beberapa bahasa untuk membedakan bunyi vokal yang tidak dilambangkan oleh huruf Latin dan Yunani, khususnya vokal depan bulat.

Pada bahasa Korea "eo" adalah sebutan untuk bunyi [ʌ] (vokal belakang setengah terbuka takbulat); "oe" dalam bahasa Belanda untuk bunyi [u] (vokal belakang tertutup bulat).

Dalam IPA, [o] melambangkan vokal belakang setengah tertutup bulat.

Kode komputasi

Titik kode Huruf besar
O
Huruf kecil
o
Unicode U+004F U+006F
ASCII Desimal 79 111
Biner 01001111 01101111
EBCDIC 214 150

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