Pandion I
Pandion I (bahasa Yunani Kuno: Πανδίων), di dalam Mitologi Yunani merupakan seorang Raja Athena legendaris.
Keluarga
Pandion adalah putra dan pewaris Erikhthonios dan istrinya, Naiad Praxithea.[1] Melalui ayahandanya ia adalah cucu dewa Hefaistos. Ia menikahi seorang naiad, Zeuxippe, dan mereka memiliki dua orang putra Erechtheus dan Butes, dan dua orang putri Prokne dan Philomela.[2]
Bertakhta dan mitologi
Pandion I merupakan raja Athena kelima dalam garis suksesi tradisional seperti yang diberikan oleh Kronik Parian abad ke-3, kronografer Kastor dari Rodos (mungkin dari Eratosthenes abad ke-3) dan Bibliotheke.[3] Ia didahului oleh Kekrops, Kranaos, Amphiktyon, dan Erikhthonios, dan dignatikan oleh Erechtheus, Kekrops II, dan Pandion II. Kastor menjadikan Pandion I putra Erikhthonios (sumber terawal untuk ini)[4] dan mengatakan bahwa ia bertakhta selama empat puluh tahun (1437/6–1397/6 SM).[5] Mungkin baik Pandion I atau Pandion II diciptakan untuk mengisi celah sejarah mitos Athena.[6]
Menurut Bibliotheke, Pandion bertempur dengan Labdakos, raja Thiva, melewati batas-batas, dan menikahi putrinya Procne dengan Tereus sebagai imbalan pertolongan dalam pertempuran tersebut,[7] dan pada masa peemrintahannya bahwa dewa-dewa Demeter dan Dionisos datang ke Attika.[8] Setelah kematiannya, kerajaan Athena jatuh ke tangan putranya, Erechtheus, sementara Butes menerima imamat Athena dan "Erechtheus Poseidon" (di Athena, Erechtheus adalah gelar kultus Poseidon).[9] Ia konon meninggal karena sedih saat mengetahui bahwa putrinya, Procne dan Philomela, telah tiada.[10]
Baik Pandion I atau Pandion II biasanya dikenali dengan Pandion, pahlawan eponimus suku Attik Pandionis.
Catatan
- ^ Smith, "Pandion"; Apollodorus, 3.14.6; Hyginus, Fabulae 48.
- ^ Hesiod Works and Days, 568; Apollodorus, 3.14.8; Pausanias, 1.5.3; Thucydides, 2.29.
- ^ Harding, p. 14, 42, Gantz, p. 234.
- ^ Gantz, p. 239.
- ^ Harding, p. 42.
- ^ Harding, p. 42: "It is usual to believe that one or the other of the two was invented for the purpose of fixing the chronographic calculations."
- ^ Apollodorus, 3.14.8.
- ^ Apollodorus, 3.14.7.
- ^ Apollodorus, 3.15.1.
- ^ Grimal, "Pandion" p. 342; Ovid, Metamorphoses 6.675.
Referensi
- Apollodorus, Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Gantz, Timothy, Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: ISBN 978-0-8018-5360-9 (Vol. 1), ISBN 978-0-8018-5362-3 (Vol. 2).
- Grimal, Pierre, The Dictionary of Classical Mythology, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996, ISBN 9780631201021.
- Harding, Phillip, The Story of Athens: The Fragments of the Local Chronicles of Attika, Routledge, 2007. ISBN 9781134304479.
- Hesiod, Works and Days, in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Hyginus, Gaius Julius, The Myths of Hyginus. Edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960.
- Kearns, Emily, The Heroes of Attica (Bulletin Supplement 57), University of London Institute of Classical Studies 1989. ISBN 978-0900587603.
- Ovid, Metamorphoses, Brookes More. Boston. Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pausanias, Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Thucydides, Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1., Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Smith, William; A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. William Smith, LLD. William Wayte. G. E. Marindin. Albemarle Street, London. John Murray. 1890. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
| Gelar kebangsawanan | ||
|---|---|---|
| Didahului oleh: Erikhthonios |
Raja Athena | Diteruskan oleh: Erechtheus |
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