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Perang Aceh I

Perang Aceh Pertama
Tanggal26 Maret 1873 – 25 April 1873
(4 minggu dan 2 hari)
LokasiKesultanan Aceh
Hasil Kemenangan Aceh
Pihak terlibat
 Netherlands Kesultanan Aceh
Tokoh dan pemimpin
J.H.R. Köhler   Panglima Polim
Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II

Perang Aceh Pertama, adalah kampanye militer yang dilakukan oleh Tentara Kerajaan Hindia Belanda (KNIL) melawan kesultanan Aceh di utara Sumatera pada tahun 1873. Ekspedisi ini diluncurkan sebagai tindakan hukuman oleh Belanda. pemerintah kolonial sebagai respons terhadap tantangan yang mereka rasakan terhadap kendali mereka atas wilayah tersebut dan perlawanan Aceh terhadap campur tangan Belanda dalam urusan-urusan di wilayah tersebut.[1]

Kampanye tersebut menghasilkan kemenangan Belanda. Namun hal ini merugikan kedua belah pihak, dengan banyak korban jiwa di kedua belah pihak dan kerusakan parah pada infrastruktur dan perekonomian Aceh.[2]

Pada awal tahun 1873, Konsul Amerika Serikat di Singapura berdiskusi dengan seorang utusan Aceh tentang kemungkinan perjanjian Aceh-Amerika, yang dianggap oleh Belanda sebagai pembenaran untuk melakukan intervensi. Pada bulan Maret 1873, Belanda mengebom ibu kota Aceh Banda Aceh (Kutaraja) dan pada bulan April mereka mendaratkan 3.000 tentara yang dipimpin oleh Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler. Karena salah menilai perlawanan orang Aceh, Belanda terpaksa mundur karena kehilangan Köhler dan delapan puluh orangnya. Mereka kemudian melakukan blokade dan pasukan Aceh (yang diperkirakan berjumlah 10.000 hingga 100.000 orang) bersiap untuk berperang.

Hal ini disusul dengan Ekspedisi Aceh Kedua pada akhir tahun 1873.

Lihat juga

Referensi

  1. ^ "Aceh: History, Politics and Culture". ISEAS Publishing Online Bookshop. 
  2. ^ Saleh, I. A., The Dutch-Indonesian Aceh War (1873-1904): The Dutch Perspective, Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science, 9(1), 1-23

Sumber

  • Ricklefs, M. C. (1991). A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1300 (edisi ke-2nd). Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-57689-6. 

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