Percantrikan

A photo of a man and a boy making shoes together.
Seorang pembuat sepatu dan cantriknya sekitar tahun 1914.
Teknisi listrik sering kali dilatih melalui percantrikan.

Percantrikan (bahasa Inggris: apprenticeship) adalah sistem untuk melatih generasi baru praktisi pertukangan atau profesi dengan pelatihan kerja lapangan dan sering kali terdapat beberapa kajian pendamping (kerja kelas dan bacaan). Percantrikan juga memungkinkan praktisi untuk memperoleh lisensi untuk berlatih dalam pekerjaan teratur. Sebagian besar pelatihan dilakukan sewaktu bekerja untuk pemekerja yang membantu cantrik mempelajari keahlian atau profesi mereka sebagai imbalan atas kelanjutan kerja mereka untuk jangka waktu yang disepakati setelah mencapai kecakapan yang terukur.

Lama percantrikan sangat berbeda-beda lintas sektor, profesi, peran, dan budaya. Adakalanya orang yang berhasil menyelesaikan percantrikan dapat mencapai tingkat kecakapan "pekerja terlatih" atau sertifikasi profesional. Adakalanya mereka dapat ditawarkan pekerjaan tetap di perusahaan yang menyediakan penempatan tersebut. Walaupun batasan formal dan istilah sistem percantrikan/pekerja terlatih/ahli sering kali tidak meluas di luar perseikatan dan serikat pekerja, konsep pelatihan kerja lapangan yang mengarah pada kecakapan selama beberapa tahun terdapat dalam bidang tenaga kerja terampil apa pun.

Lihat pula

Rujukan

Bacaan lanjut

  • Modern Apprenticeships: the way to work, The Report of the Modern Apprenticeship Advisory Committee, 2001 DfES, Modern Apprenticeships Consultation
  • Apprenticeship in the British "Training Market", Paul Ryan and Lorna Unwin, University of Cambridge and University of Leicester, 2001 Apprenticeship in the British ‘Training Market’
  • Creating a ‘Modern Apprenticeship’: a critique of the UK's multi-sector, social inclusion approach Alison Fuller and Lorna Unwin, 2003 (pdf)
  • Apprenticeship systems in England and Germany: decline and survival. Thomas Deissinger in: Towards a history of vocational education and training (VET) in Europe in a comparative perspective, 2002 (pdf)
  • European vocational training systems: the theoretical context of historical development. Wolf-Dietrich Greinert, 2002 in Towards a history of vocational education and training (VET) in Europe in a comparative perspective. (pdf)
  • Apprenticeships in the UK- their design, development and implementation, Miranda E Pye, Keith C Pye, Dr Emma Wisby, Sector Skills Development Agency, 2004 (pdf)
  • L’apprentissage a changé, c’est le moment d’y penser !, Ministère de l’emploi, du travail et de la cohésion sociale, 2005
  • Learning on the Shop Floor: Historical Perspectives on Apprenticeship, Bert De Munck, Steven L. Kaplan, Hugo Soly. Berghahn Books, 2007. (Preview on Google books)
  • "The social production of technical work: the case of British engineers" Peter Whalley, SUNY Press 1986.
  • "Apprenticeship in the ‘golden age’: were youth transitions really smooth and unproblematic back then?", Sarah A.Vickerstaff, University of Kent, UK, 2003
  • "The Higher Apprenticeship (HA) in Engineering Technology"; The Sector Skills Council for Science, Engineering and Manufacturing technologies, UK, 2008

Pranala luar

Templat:Pekerjaan terampil di Kanada Templat:Ketenagakerjaan

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