Persemakmuran Filipina
Persemakmuran Filipina | |||||||||||||
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| 1935–1942 1942–1945: Pemerintahan dalam pengasingan 1945–1946 | |||||||||||||
Peta Filipina tahun 1947 | |||||||||||||
| Status |
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| Ibu kota | Manila[a] 14°35′45″N 120°58′38″E / 14.59583°N 120.97722°E | ||||||||||||
| Bahasa resmi | |||||||||||||
| National language | Tagalog[b] | ||||||||||||
| Agama | Tidak resmi
Mayoritas: Islam Sunni, Agama rakyat asli Filipina | ||||||||||||
| Pemerintahan | Ketergantungan presiden yang didelegasikan dalam sebuah republik federal | ||||||||||||
| Komisaris Tinggi | |||||||||||||
• 1935–1937 | Frank Murphy | ||||||||||||
• 1937–1939 | Paul V. McNutt | ||||||||||||
• 1939–1942 | Francis Bowes Sayre Sr. | ||||||||||||
• 1942–1945 (dalam pengasingan) | Harold L. Ickes | ||||||||||||
• 1945–1946 | Paul V. McNutt | ||||||||||||
| Presiden | |||||||||||||
• 1935–1944 | Manuel L. Quezon | ||||||||||||
• 1944–1946 | Sergio Osmeña | ||||||||||||
• 1946 | Manuel Roxas | ||||||||||||
| Wakil Presiden | |||||||||||||
• 1935–1944 | Sergio Osmeña | ||||||||||||
• 1946 | Elpidio Quirino | ||||||||||||
| Legislatif |
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| Senat (1945–1946) | |||||||||||||
| Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (1945–1946) | |||||||||||||
| Era Sejarah | Antarperang, Perang Dunia II | ||||||||||||
| 15 November 1935 | |||||||||||||
| 12 Maret 1942 | |||||||||||||
| 27 Februari 1945 | |||||||||||||
| 4 Juli 1946 | |||||||||||||
| 22 Oktober 1946 | |||||||||||||
| Mata uang | |||||||||||||
| Zona waktu | PST (UTC+08:00) | ||||||||||||
| Lajur kemudi |
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| Sekarang bagian dari | Filipina | ||||||||||||
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| Bagian dari seri artikel mengenai |
| Sejarah Filipina |
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| Garis waktu |
Persemakmuran Filipina (bahasa Tagalog: Kómonwélt ng Pilipinas [pɪlɪˈpinɐs], bahasa Spanyol: Mancomunidad de Filipinas[3]) adalah penandaan politik bagi Filipina dari tahun 1935 hingga 1946, ketika negara ini merupakan persemakmuran dari Amerika Serikat. Sebelum tahun 1935, Filipina merupakan daerah insuler tanpa status persemakmuran, dan sebelumnya lagi merupakan wilayah Amerika Serikat.
Catatan kaki
- ^ 1935 Constitution, Article XIII, section 3 "The National Assembly shall take steps toward the development and adoption of a common national language based on one of the existing native languages. Until otherwise provided by law, English and Spanish shall continue as official languages."
- ^
- Mair, Christian (2003). The politics of English as a world language: new horizons in postcolonial cultural studies. Rodopi. hlm. 479–482. ISBN 978-90-420-0876-2. Diakses tanggal February 17, 2011.
- Roger M. Thompson (January 1, 2003). Filipino English and Taglish: Language Switching from Multiple Perspectives. John Benjamins Publishing. hlm. 27–29. ISBN 90-272-4891-5. Diakses tanggal April 15, 2017.
- Christian Mair (January 1, 2003). The Politics of English as a World Language: New Horizons in Postcolonial Cultural Studies. Rodopi. hlm. 480. ISBN 90-420-0876-8. Diakses tanggal April 15, 2017.
- Antonio L. Rappa; Lionel Wee Hock An (February 23, 2006). Language Policy and Modernity in Southeast Asia: Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Springer. hlm. 68. ISBN 978-1-4020-4510-3. Diakses tanggal April 15, 2017.
- ^ THE PHILIPPINE COMMONWEALTH. November 16, 1935, Saturday. The New York Times. Retrieved on October 1, 2009.
Pranala luar
- The Present Government of the Philippines Diarsipkan 2009-02-12 di Wayback Machine. Book written by Maximo Kalaw detailing the functions of the different branches of the Philippine Commonwealth
- Parallel and Divergent Aspects of British Rule in the Raj, French Rule in Indochina, Dutch Rule in the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia), and American Rule in the Philippines
- Philippines: Polity Style: 1897-2009
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