Cabinet of Indonesia

Cabinet of Indonesia
Current: Onward Indonesia Cabinet
	National emblem of Indonesia
	; Onward Indonesia Cabinet (2019)
Cabinet overview
Formed	2 September 1945; (78 years ago)
Jurisdiction	Government of Indonesia
Headquarters	Cabinet Secretariat, Jakarta
Employees	38 members:; 4 coordinating ministers; 30 ministers; 6 cabinet-level officials;
Cabinet executive	Joko Widodo, President;
Key document	Chapter 17 of UUD 1945;
Website	setkab.go.id

The Cabinet of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Kabinet Republik Indonesia) is part of the executive branch of the Indonesian government. It is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the government serving under the president. Members of the Cabinet (except for the vice president) serves at the president's pleasure, who can dismiss them at will for no cause.

Indonesia has seen dozens of cabinets since independence in 1945. Although after the New Order most cabinets remained unchanged for five years at a time. Most cabinets are referred to by the names given them at the time of formation. The current presidential cabinet is the Onward Indonesia Cabinet of Joko Widodo.^[1]

History

The concept of a cabinet is not mentioned explicitly in the 1945 Constitution, so Indonesia's cabinets since 14 November 1945 are the result of administrative convention. There have been two types of cabinet in Indonesian history; presidential and parliamentary. In presidential cabinets, the president is responsible for government policy as head of state and government, while in parliamentary cabinets, the cabinet carries out government policy, and is responsible to the legislature.^[2]

During the War of Independence from 1945 to 1949, the cabinet changed from a presidential to a parliamentary system, despite this not being the system intended by those who drew up the Constitution; however, at several critical periods, it reverted to a presidential system. During this period, the cabinet had between 16 and 37 ministers with 12-15 ministries.^[3]

On 27 December 1949, the Netherlands recognised the sovereignty of the United States of Indonesia (RIS). Under the Federal Constitution of 1949, the RIS had a parliamentary cabinet as ministers were responsible for government policy. With the return to the unitary state of Indonesia in August 1950, the parliamentary cabinet system remained due to an agreement between the governments of the RIS and the Republic of Indonesia (a constituent of the RIS). Article 83 of the Provisional Constitution of 1950 stated that ministers had full responsibility for government policy. Over the following nine years there were seven cabinets with between 18 and 25 members.^[4]

On 5 July 1959, President Sukarno issued a decree abrogating the 1950 Constitution and returning to the 1945 Constitution. The cabinet was also dissolved. A new presidential cabinet was formed shortly after, but this new cabinet did not follow the 1945 Constitution either, as the office of prime minister still existed, along with deputy prime ministers. Moreover, the offices of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia and Speaker of the People's Representative Council which were supposed to be equal to the president, and the office of Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly, which was supposed to be above all government branches, were included into the Cabinet. During the final years of Sukarno's presidency, cabinets were larger, peaking at 111 ministers.

During the New Order under President Suharto, cabinets were smaller, and from 1968 until 1998 lasted for the five-year presidential term. Offices that were not sanctioned by the 1945 Constitution were abolished. Following the fall of Suharto and the beginning of the Reformasi era, the presidential cabinet system has been retained.^[5]

Until 2010, cabinet ministries were dubbed 'Departments' (Departemen) following the United States model. After 2010, all 'departements' were renamed into 'ministries' (Kementerian), thus bringing them in line with the Netherlands model of ministries and a state secretariat.

List of Indonesian cabinets

Parliamentary cabinets were usually known by the name of the prime minister, but after 1959 they were named after their principal tasking.^[6] The complete list of cabinets follows:^[7]^[8]

Name of Cabinet	Head of Cabinet	Period of Office
War of Independence
Presidential Cabinet	Sukarno	2 September 1945 – 14 November 1945
First Sjahrir Cabinet	Sutan Sjahrir	14 November 1945 – 12 March 1946
Second Sjahrir Cabinet		12 March 1946 – 2 October 1946
Third Sjahrir Cabinet		2 October 1946 – 3 July 1947
First Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet	Amir Sjarifuddin	3 July 1947 – 11 November 1947
Second Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet	Amir Sjarifuddin	11 November 1947 – 29 January 1948
First Hatta Cabinet	Mohammad Hatta	29 January 1948 – 19 December 1949
Emergency Cabinet	Sjafruddin Prawiranegara	19 December 1948 – 13 July 1949
First Hatta Cabinet	Mohammad Hatta	13 July 1949 – 4 August 1949
Second Hatta Cabinet	Mohammad Hatta	4 August – 20 December 1949
United States of Indonesia
RUSI Cabinet	Mohammad Hatta	20 December 1949 – 6 September 1950
Cabinets of the Republic of Indonesia
Susanto Cabinet	Susanto Tirtoprodjo	20 December 1949 – 21 January 1950
Halim Cabinet	Abdul Halim	21 January 1950 – 6 September 1950
Cabinets of the State of East Indonesia
First Nadjamuddin Cabinet	Nadjamuddin Daeng Malewa	13 January 1947 – 2 June 1947
Second Nadjamuddin Cabinet	Nadjamuddin Daeng Malewa	2 June 1947 – 11 October 1947
Warouw Cabinet	Semuel Jusof Warouw	11 October 1947 – 15 December 1947
First Gde Agung Cabinet	Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung	15 December 1947 – 12 January 1949
Second Gde Agung Cabinet	Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung	12 January 1949 – 27 December 1949
Tatengkeng Cabinet	Jan Engelbert Tatengkeng	27 December 1949 – 14 March 1950
Diapari Cabinet	D.P. Diapari	14 March 1950 – 10 May 1950
Poetoehena Cabinet	Martinus Putuhena	10 May 1950 – 16 August 1950
Cabinets of the State of Pasundan
Adil Cabinet	Adil Puradiredja	8 May 1948 – 10 January 1949
First Djumhana Cabinet	Djumhana Wiriaatmadja	10 January 1949 – 31 January 1949
Second Djumhana Cabinet		31 January 1949 – 18 July 1949
Third Djumhana Cabinet		18 July 1949 – 11 January 1950
Anwar Cabinet	Anwar Tjokroaminoto	11 January 1950 – 23 January 1950
Liberal Democracy
Natsir Cabinet	Mohammad Natsir	6 September 1950 – 27 April 1951
Sukiman Cabinet	Sukiman Wirjosandjojo	27 April 1951 – 3 April 1952
Wilopo Cabinet	Wilopo	3 April 1952 – 30 July 1953
First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet	Ali Sastroamidjojo	30 July 1953 – 12 August 1955
Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet	Burhanuddin Harahap	12 August 1955 – 24 March 1956
Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet	Ali Sastroamidjojo	24 March 1956 – 9 April 1957
Djuanda Cabinet	Djuanda Kartawidjaja	9 April 1957 – 10 July 1959
Guided Democracy
First Working Cabinet	Sukarno	10 July 1959 – 18 February 1960
Second Working Cabinet		18 February 1960 – 6 March 1962
Third Working Cabinet		8 March 1962 – 13 November 1963
Fourth Working Cabinet		23 November 1963 – 27 August 1964
Dwikora Cabinet		2 September 1964 – 21 February 1966
Revised Dwikora Cabinet		24 February 1966 – 27 March 1966
Second Revised Dwikora Cabinet		30 March 1966 – 25 July 1966
Ampera Cabinet		28 July 1966 – 12 March 1967
Ampera Cabinet	Suharto	12 March 1967 – 11 October 1967
Revised Ampera Cabinet	Suharto	14 October 1967 – 6 June 1968
New Order
First Development Cabinet	Suharto	10 June 1968 – 27 March 1973
Second Development Cabinet		28 March 1973 – 29 March 1978
Third Development Cabinet		31 March 1978 – 16 March 1983
Fourth Development Cabinet		19 March 1983 – 21 March 1988
Fifth Development Cabinet		23 March 1988 – 17 March 1993
Sixth Development Cabinet		19 March 1993 – 11 March 1998
Seventh Development Cabinet		16 March 1998 – 21 May 1998
Reform Era
Development Reform Cabinet	B.J. Habibie	23 May 1998 – 20 October 1999
National Unity Cabinet	Abdurrahman Wahid	29 October 1999 – 23 July 2001
Mutual Assistance Cabinet	Megawati Sukarnoputri	10 August 2001 – 20 October 2004
First United Indonesia Cabinet	Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono	21 October 2004 – 20 October 2009
Second United Indonesia Cabinet	Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono	22 October 2009 – 20 October 2014
Working Cabinet	Joko Widodo	27 October 2014 – 20 October 2019^[9]
Onward Indonesia Cabinet	Joko Widodo	23 October 2019 – present
Source: Simanjuntak 2003

Current cabinet

The present Indonesian cabinet, the Onward Indonesia Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Indonesia Maju), was sworn in on 23 October 2019. The cabinet consists of 34 ministers.

Coordinating Ministers

Coordinating Ministry	Ministry	Coordinating Minister	Party	Assumed Office
Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Politik, Hukum, dan Keamanan	Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Defense Ministry of Law and Human Rights Ministry of Communication and Informatics Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform Attorney General's Office National Armed Forces National Police	Hadi Tjahjanto	Independent	21 February 2024
Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Ekonomi	Ministry of Finance Ministry of Industry Ministry of Trade Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises Ministry of Manpower Ministry of Cooperatives and Small & Medium Enterprises Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning	Airlangga Hartarto	Golkar	23 October 2019
Coordinating Ministry for Maritime and Investments Affairs Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi	Ministry of Transportation Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry of Investment Ministry of Public Works and Housing Ministry of Environment and Forestry	Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan (2nd term)	Golkar	23 October 2019
Coordinating Ministry for Human Development and Cultural Affairs Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Pembangunan Manusia dan Kebudayaan	Ministry of Health Ministry of Social Affairs Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Ministry of Religious Affairs Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration Ministry of Youth and Sports Affairs	Muhadjir Effendy	Independent	23 October 2019

Ministers

Portfolio	Minister	Party	In Office since
Ministry of State Secretariat Kementerian Sekretariat Negara	Pratikno (2nd term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Home Affairs Kementerian Dalam Negeri	Tito Karnavian	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Kementerian Luar Negeri	Retno Marsudi (2nd term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Defense Kementerian Pertahanan	Prabowo Subianto	Gerindra	23 October 2019
Ministry of Law and Human Rights Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia	Yasonna Laoly (2nd term)	PDIP	23 October 2019
Ministry of Finance Kementerian Keuangan	Sri Mulyani Indrawati (4th term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral	Arifin Tasrif	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Industry Kementerian Perindustrian	Agus Gumiwang Kartasasmita	Golkar	23 October 2019
Ministry of Trade Kementerian Perdagangan	Zulkifli Hasan	PAN	15 June 2022
Ministry of Agriculture Kementerian Pertanian	Amran Sulaiman (2nd term)	Independent	25 October 2023
Ministry of Environment and Forestry Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan	Siti Nurbaya Bakar (2nd term)	Nasdem	23 October 2019
Ministry of Transportation Kementerian Perhubungan	Budi Karya Sumadi (2nd term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan	Sakti Wahyu Trenggono	Independent	23 December 2020
Ministry of Manpower Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan	Ida Fauziyah	PKB	23 October 2019
Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi	Abdul Halim Iskandar	PKB	23 October 2019
Ministry of Public Works and Housing Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat	Basuki Hadimuljono (2nd term)	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Health Kementerian Kesehatan	Budi Gunadi Sadikin	Independent	23 December 2020
Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi	Nadiem Makarim	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Social Affairs Kementerian Sosial	Tri Rismaharini	PDIP	23 December 2020
Ministry of Religious Affairs Kementerian Agama	Yaqut Cholil Qoumas	PKB	23 December 2020
Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy / Tourism and Creative Economy Agency Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif/ Badan Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif	Sandiaga Uno	PPP	23 December 2020
Ministry of Communication and Informatics Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika	Budi Arie Setiadi	Independent	17 July 2023
Ministry of Cooperatives and Small & Medium Enterprises Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah	Teten Masduki	PDIP	23 October 2019
Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak	I Gusti Ayu Bintang Darmawati	PDIP	23 October 2019
Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi	Abdullah Azwar Anas	PDIP	7 September 2022
Ministry of National Development Planning / National Development Planning Agency Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/ Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional	Suharso Monoarfa	PPP	23 October 2019
Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/ Badan Pertanahan Nasional	Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono	Demokrat	21 February 2024
Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises Kementerian Badan Usaha Milik Negara	Erick Thohir	Independent	23 October 2019
Ministry of Youth and Sports Affairs Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga	Dito Ariotedjo	Golkar	3 April 2023
Ministry of Investment / Investment Coordinating Board Kementerian Investasi / Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal	Bahlil Lahadalia	Independent	28 April 2021

Cabinet-level officials

Portfolio	Incumbent Head	In office since
Public Prosecution Service of Indonesia Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia	Attorney-General Sanitiar Burhanuddin	23 October 2019
National Armed Forces Tentara Nasional Indonesia	Commander of the Armed Forces Agus Subiyanto	22 November 2023
National Police Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia	Chief of the National Police Listyo Sigit Prabowo	27 January 2021
Cabinet Secretariat Sekretariat Kabinet	Pramono Anung (2nd term)	23 October 2019
State Intelligence Agency Badan Intelijen Negara	Budi Gunawan	9 September 2016
National Research and Innovation Agency Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional	Laksana Tri Handoko	28 April 2021
Executive Office of the President Kantor Staf Presiden Republik Indonesia	Moeldoko (2nd term)	23 October 2019
Nusantara Capital City Authority Otorita Ibu Kota Nusantara	Basuki Hadimuljono (acting)	3 June 2024

References

Daniel Dhaidae & H. Witdarmono (Eds) (2000)Wajah Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republic Indonesia Pemilihan Umum 1999 (Faces of the Republic of Indonesia People's Representative Council 1999 General Election) Harian Kompas, Jakarta, ISBN 979-9251-43-5
Feith, Herbert (2007) The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia Equinox Publishing (Asia) Pte Ltd, ISBN 9793780452
Finch, Susan; Lev, Daniel S. (1965). Republic of Indonesia Cabinets, 1945-1965. Cornell University. Modern Indonesia Project. Interim reports series. Ithaca, N.Y.: Modern Indonesia Project, Cornell University.
Simanjuntak, P. N. H. (2003). Kabinet-Kabinet Republik Indonesia: Dari Awal Kemerdekaan Sampai Reformasi (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Djambatan. ISBN 979-428-499-8.
Yayasan API (2001),Panduan Parlemen Indonesia (Indonesian Parliamentary Guide), ISBN 979-96532-1-5

Notes

^ "Indonesian President Jokowi announces new Cabinet". The Straits Times. 23 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
^ Simanjuntak (2003) p1
^ Simanjuntak (2003) p2
^ Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 3-4
^ Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 5-6
^ Simanjuntak (2003) p66
^ Simanjuntak (2003)
^ Feith (2007)
^ "Cabinet Announcement Still Elusive but State Palace Targets Monday Inauguration". Jakarta Globe.