Riffraff (1936 film)

Riffraff
Riffraff
	Theatrical release poster
Directed by	J. Walter Ruben
Written by	George S. Kaufman; John Lee Mahin; Carey Wilson
Screenplay by	Frances Marion; Anita Loos; H. W. Hannaford
Produced by	Irving Thalberg
Starring	Jean Harlow; Spencer Tracy; Una Merkel; Joseph Calleia;
Cinematography	Ray June
Edited by	Frank Sullivan
Music by	Edward Ward
Production; company	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Distributed by	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release date	January 3, 1936;
Running time	94 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$732,000
Box office	$1,047,000

Riffraff is a 1936 American drama film directed by J. Walter Ruben and starring Jean Harlow, Spencer Tracy and Una Merkel. The screenplay was written by Frances Marion, Anita Loos and H. W. Hannaford.

Plot

Fisherman Dutch Muller organizes a strike with his fellow thugs from the fishery, including the beautiful but tough Hattie Tuttle, against the owners of a tuna cannery. Jimmie is a teenager and uncle of two younger children. They all live with Pops, Hattie and his Aunt Lil in the same small dwelling on the wharf. The rich cannery owner Nick Lewis is also trying to romance Hattie with money and gifts, but she chooses Dutch.

Cast

Jean Harlow as Harriet "Hattie"/"Hat" Tuttle
Spencer Tracy as Rudolph "Dutch" Muller
Una Merkel as Lil Bundt
Joseph Calleia as Nick Lewis
Victor Kilian as "Flytrap"
Mickey Rooney as Jimmy Thurger
J. Farrell MacDonald as "Brains" McCall
William Newell as "Pete"
Roger Imhof as "Pops" Thurger
Juanita Quigley as Rosie Bundt
Paul Hurst as Red Belcher
Vince Barnett as "Lew", a fisherman
Dorothy Appleby as Gertie, a waitress
Judith Wood as Mabel, a waitress
Arthur Housman as Ratsy and Bugsy
Wade Boteler as Detective Bert Scanlon
Helene Costello as Maizie
Rafaela Ottiano as Matron
Harry Cording as Joe (uncredited)
Philo McCullough as Fisherman (uncredited)

Production

On the night of October 30, 1935, 40 female extras on the set, many of them elderly or in frail health, were filmed in a simulated rain sequence that included the use of a sprinkler rig, fire hoses and wind machines. Multiple extras sustained bruises, temporary blindness, and loss of consciousness, with many suffering from pneumonia as a result. The crew was found to be understaffed and lacking the necessary supplies to properly warm and dry the extras between takes.^[3]

Reception

Contemporary reviews from critics were generally positive, both for the film and Harlow's new "natural" look, as she darkened her hair to what the press dubbed "brownette" before the film went into production.^[4] Frank S. Nugent of The New York Times praised the moments of "robust comedy" but lamented the serious scenes in which a "boisterous jest skids down the slopes of melodramatic routine."^[5] Variety published a positive review praising the "excellent cast" and dialogue that was "vigorous and well-written."^[6] Film Daily was also positive, calling the film a "lusty picture, full of action and comedy" with "fine performances" by Harlow and Tracy.^[7] The Milwaukee Sentinel wrote that there was "much hilarious comedy and robust action which takes away the sting of too much pathos" and that Tracy's work was an "excellent job."^[8]

John Mosher of The New Yorker wrote a negative review, regretting that the film "leaves Miss Harlow in the background for longish and rather dreary stretches ... I'd say of the picture that there is too much tuna fish, and not enough Harlow."^[9]

The film's depiction of organized labor drew some controversy. Max S. Hayes of The Cleveland Citizen attacked the film as "propaganda to prejudice the public against trade unionism."^[10]

Box office

According to MGM records, the film earned $717,000 in the U.S. and $330,000 elsewhere, resulting in a loss of $63,000.^[2]

References

^ "Home".
^ ^a ^b ^c The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study.
^ "Are Extras People?". The Screen Guild's Magazine Vol. 2 No. 9. September 1935. Accessed 14 April 1935.
^ McLean, Adrienne L. (2011). Glamour in a Golden Age: Movie Stars of the 1930s. Rutgers University Press. pp. 190–191. ISBN 9780813549040.
^ Nugent, Frank S. (January 13, 1936). "Movie Review – Riffraff". The New York Times. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
^ "Riffraff". Variety. New York: 18. January 15, 1936.
^ "Reviews of the New Films". Film Daily. New York: Wid's Films and Film Folk, Inc.: 7 December 24, 1935.
^ Herzog, Buck (February 21, 1936). "The New Films". Milwaukee Sentinel. Milwaukee: 19.
^ Mosher, John (January 18, 1936). "The Current Cinema". The New Yorker. pp. 60–61.
^ ""Riffraff" Attacked by Cleveland Unions". Motion Picture Daily: 2. January 18, 1936.