Voyage of the Damned

Voyage of the Damned
Voyage of the Damned
Soundtrack album by Lalo Schifrin
Released	1977
Recorded	12 and 13 April 1977 ; Wembley, England
Genre	Film score
Label	Entr'Acte; ERS 6508-ST
Producer	John Lasher
Lalo Schifrin chronology

Voyage of the Damned
Voyage of the Damned
	Film poster by Richard Amsel
Directed by	Stuart Rosenberg
Screenplay by	Steve Shagan; David Butler
Based on	Voyage of the Damned; 1974 book; by Gordon Thomas and Max Morgan-Witts
Produced by	Robert Fryer; William Hill
Starring	Faye Dunaway; Max von Sydow; Oskar Werner; Malcolm McDowell; Orson Welles; James Mason; Lee Grant; Katharine Ross; Luther Adler; Michael Constantine; Denholm Elliott; José Ferrer; Lynne Frederick; Helmut Griem; Julie Harris; Wendy Hiller; Paul Koslo; Nehemiah Persoff; Fernando Rey; Leonard Rossiter; Maria Schell; Victor Spinetti; Janet Suzman; Sam Wanamaker; Ben Gazzara
Cinematography	Billy Williams
Edited by	Tom Priestley
Music by	Lalo Schifrin
Production; company	ITC Entertainment
Distributed by	Rank Film Distributors (United Kingdom); AVCO Embassy Pictures (United States)
Release dates	19 December 1976 (Premiere); 22 December 1976 (Los Angeles and New York City);
Running time	155 minutes
Countries	United Kingdom; United States
Language	English
Budget	$7.3 million
Box office	$1,750,000

Voyage of the Damned is a 1976 drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg, with an all-star cast featuring Faye Dunaway, Oskar Werner, Lee Grant, Max von Sydow, James Mason, Lynne Frederick and Malcolm McDowell.

The story was inspired by actual events concerning the fate of the ocean liner St. Louis carrying Jewish refugees from Germany to Cuba in 1939. It was based on a 1974 nonfiction book of the same title written by Gordon Thomas and Max Morgan-Witts.^[5] The screenplay was written by Steve Shagan and David Butler. The film was produced by ITC Entertainment and released by Rank Film Distributors in the UK and Avco Embassy Pictures in the US.

Plot

Based on historic events, this dramatic film concerns the 1939 voyage of the German-flagged MS St. Louis, which departed from Hamburg carrying 937 Jews from Germany, bound for Havana, Cuba. The passengers, having seen and suffered rising anti-Semitism in Germany, realized this might be their only chance to escape. The film details the emotional journey of the passengers, who gradually become aware that their passage was planned as an exercise in Nazi propaganda, and that Germany had never intended that they disembark in Cuba. Rather, they were to be set up as pariahs, to set an example before the world. As a Nazi official states in the film, when the whole world has refused to accept the Jews as refugees, no country can blame Germany for their fate.

The Cuban government refuses entry to the passengers while the ship was on its way, and next the liner heads to the United States. As it waits off the Florida coast, the passengers learn that the United States also has rejected them, as Canada subsequently does, leaving the captain no choice but to return to Europe. The captain tells a confidante that he has received a letter signed by 200 passengers saying they will join hands and jump into the sea rather than return to Germany. He states his intention to run the liner aground on a reef off the southern coast of England, to allow the passengers to be rescued and reach safety there.

Shortly before the film's end, it is revealed that the governments of Belgium, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom have each agreed to accept a share of the passengers as refugees. As they cheer and clap at the news, footnotes disclose the fates of some of the main characters, suggesting that more than 600 of the 937 passengers who did not resettle in Britain but in other European nations instead were ultimately deported and murdered in Nazi concentration camps.

Cast

Faye Dunaway as Denise Kreisler
Max von Sydow as Captain Schroeder
Oskar Werner as Professor Egon Kreisler
Malcolm McDowell as Max Gunter
Orson Welles as José Estedes
James Mason as Dr. Juan Remos
Lee Grant as Lili Rosen
Katharine Ross as Mira Hauser
Ben Gazzara as Morris Troper
Luther Adler as Professor Weiler
Michael Constantine as Luis Clasing
Denholm Elliott as Admiral Canaris
José Ferrer as Manuel Benitez
Lynne Frederick as Anna Rosen
Helmut Griem as Otto Schiendick
Julie Harris as Alice Fienchild
Wendy Hiller as Rebecca Weiler
Paul Koslo as Aaron Pozner
Nehemiah Persoff as Mr. Hauser
Fernando Rey as President Bru
Leonard Rossiter as Commander Von Bonin
Maria Schell as Mrs. Hauser
Victor Spinetti as Dr. Erich Strauss
Janet Suzman as Leni Strauss
Sam Wanamaker as Carl Rosen
Keith Barron as Purser Mueller
Ian Cullen as Radio Officer
David Daker as First Officer
Brian Gilbert as Laurenz Schulman
Constantine Gregory as Navigation Officer (credited as Constantin de Goguel)
Georgina Hale as Lotte Schulman
Don Henderson as Engineering Officer
Bernard Hepton as Milton Goldsmith
Anthony Higgins as Seaman Heinz Berg
Donald Houston as Dr. Glauner
Frederick Jaeger as Werner Mannheim
David de Keyser as Joseph Joseph
Della McDermott as Julia Strauss
Günter Meisner as Robert Hoffman (credited as Guenter Meisner)
Jonathan Pryce as Joseph Manasse
Marika Rivera as Madame in Bordello
Ina Skriver as Singer
Milo Sperber as Rabbi
Philip Stone as Secretary
Adele Strong as Mrs. Schulman
Genevieve West as Sarah Strauss
Laura Gemser as Estedes' friend (uncredited)

Production

The book was published in 1974. The Los Angeles Times called it "a human document of rare and discerning power".^[6] The book was a best seller, and the authors earned an estimated £500,000 from it.^[7]

Rights to the book were acquired in 1974.^[2] It was originally envisioned as an ABC Movie of the Week but its budget of $7.3 million was too expensive.^[2]

The film was the first feature of Associated General Films.^[2]

Dunaway was paid $500,000 plus a percentage of the profits.^[8]

The movie was filmed on board the chartered Italian ocean liner Irpinia,^[9] which was fitted with two false funnels in order to resemble St. Louis.^[10]^[1] It was also shot on location in Barcelona, Spain (standing in for Cuba),^[1]^[2] St. Pancras Chambers in London, and at the EMI Elstree Studios in Borehamwood, Hertfordshire.^[11]

Actual death toll

The true death toll is uncertain. The 1974 book that was the basis of the film estimated a much lower number of deaths.^[5] By using statistical analysis of survival rates for Jews in various Nazi-occupied countries, Thomas and Morgan-Witts estimated the fate of the 621 St. Louis passengers who were not given refuge in Cuba or the United Kingdom (one died during the voyage): 44 (20%) of the 224 refugees that settled in France likely were murdered in the Holocaust, 62 (29%) Holocaust murders amongst the 214 that reached Belgium, and 121 (67%) Holocaust murders amongst the 181 that settled in the Netherlands, for a total of 227 (37%) of the refugees that came under occupation were likely murdered by the Nazis.^[12]^[13] In 1998, Scott Miller and Sarah Ogilvie of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum traced the survivors from the voyage, concluding that a total of 254 refugees or 40.9 percent were murdered by the Nazis.^[14]

Release

The film opened on 22 December 1976 in four theatres in New York and Los Angeles.^[2]

Box office

According to Lew Grade who helped finance the film, the movie "should have done better" at the box office.^[15] He wrote in his memoirs "I thought it was one of the most moving and important films I'd seen in a long time. I just couldn't understand why it didn't become a success" adding that "strangely enough, it did outstanding business in Japan."^[16]

Alternate version

The complete, uncut version of the film is 182 minutes long. Apparently this is an earlier version of the film, which was created by editor Roger Cherrill according to a note in the end credits. This three-hour version has actually been released on video twice: once on NTSC VHS by Magnetic Video in 1980, and once on PAL VHS by Polygram Home Video in the UK. The Polygram cassette is undated and only contains the copyright of the original production, 1976. It also lists the running time as 176 minutes; the difference in run times can be attributed to the differential between PAL and NTSC frame rates.

Awards and nominations

Award	Category	Nominee(s)	Result
Academy Awards^[17]	Best Supporting Actress	Lee Grant	Nominated
	Best Screenplay – Based on Material from Another Medium	David Butler and Steve Shagan	Nominated
	Best Original Score	Lalo Schifrin	Nominated
Golden Globe Awards^[18]	Best Motion Picture – Drama		Nominated
	Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture	Oskar Werner	Nominated
	Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture	Lee Grant	Nominated
	Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture	Katharine Ross	Won
	Best Screenplay – Motion Picture	David Butler and Steve Shagan	Nominated
	Best Original Score – Motion Picture	Lalo Schifrin	Nominated
Japan Academy Film Prize	Outstanding Foreign Language Film		Nominated

Soundtrack

The film score was composed, arranged and conducted by Lalo Schifrin and the soundtrack album was released on the Entr'Acte label in 1977.^[19]

Track listing

All tracks are written by Lalo Schifrin

No.	Title	Length
1.	"Main Title"	2:21
2.	"House Painter March"	1:49
3.	"Hotel Nacionale"	2:18
4.	"What's Past is Past; Affirmation of Love"	2:51
5.	"Lament"	2:30
6.	"The Arrival; Theme of Hope"	3:21
7.	"The Captain; Goodbye Aunt Jenny; We Need Help"	3:11
8.	"So Many Things I Wanted to Say"	2:08
9.	"To Be A Woman"	2:07
10.	"Tragedy; Time Pulse"	3:59
11.	"Our Prayers Have Been Answered"	2:16
12.	"End Credits (Foxtrot)"	2:30

Personnel

Lalo Schifrin - arranger, conductor
London Studio Orchestra

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Voyage of the Damned at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Verrill, Addison (28 July 1976). "Devalued Pound Brings 'Voyage' In Under Budget; Recalls Nazi, and World, 'Hoaxing' of Jews". Variety. p. 4.
^ Robert Fryer--Clout Plus Taste: ROBERT FRYER Glover, William. Los Angeles Times 22 Dec 1976: e10.
^ Donahue, Suzanne Mary (1987). American film distribution : the changing marketplace. UMI Research Press. p. 296. Please note figures are for rentals in US and Canada
^ ^a ^b Thomas, Gordon; Morgan-Witts, Max (1974). Voyage of the Damned. Konecky & Konecky. ISBN 1-56852-579-6.
^ THE BOOK REPORT: Prelude to Horror of 'Final Solution' Kirsch, Robert. Los Angeles Times 13 May 1974: d9.
^ Money-making disaster: PUBLISHING Parker, Selwyn. The Observer 7 Aug 1977: 13.
^ Dunaway 'Trembling on the Brink of Great Stardom': Faye Dunaway Rosenfield, Paul. Los Angeles Times 20 Feb 1977: s38.
^ "Grimaldi-SIOSA Ocean Liner and Cruise Ship Postcards". Simplonpc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 24 December 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
^ "Irpinia page 2". Archived from the original on 2 February 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
^ 'Tour' to Star Bette Midler Lee, Grant. Los Angeles Times 13 Nov 1976: b6.
^ Rosen, pp. 447, 567 citing Morgan-Witts and Thomas (1994) pp. 8, 238
^ Rosen, Robert (17 July 2006). Saving the Jews (Speech). Carter Center (Atlanta, Georgia). Archived from the original on 18 June 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
^ Lanchin, Mike (13 May 2014). "The ship of Jewish refugees nobody wanted". Bbc.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
^ Alexander Walker, National Heroes: British Cinema in the Seventies and Eighties, 1985 p. 197
^ Grade, Lew (1989). Still dancing. Ulverscroft. p. 508.
^ "The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Archived from the original on 11 January 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
^ "Voyage of the Damned". Golden Globe Awards. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Archived from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
^ "Lalo Schifrin 1976-1985". Archived from the original on 29 February 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2012.