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1080 Orchis

1080 Orchis
Modelled shape of Orchis from its lightcurve
Discovery[1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date30 August 1927
Designations
(1080) Orchis
Pronunciation/ˈɔːrkɪs/[2]
Named after
Orchis (flowering plant)[3]
1927 QB · 1955 DT
A906 BH
main-belt · (inner)[4]
background[5]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc111.76 yr (40,821 days)
Aphelion3.0452 AU
Perihelion1.7924 AU
2.4188 AU
Eccentricity0.2590
3.76 yr (1,374 days)
278.54°
0° 15m 43.2s / day
Inclination4.5873°
2.0437°
57.028°
Physical characteristics
20.755±8.470 km[6]
21.797±0.130 km[7]
21.86±0.26 km[8]
22.918±0.241 km[9]
23.28±1.7 km[4][10]
23.53±6.59 km[11]
24.62±6.75 km[12]
16.061±0.004 h[13]
16.0657±0.0005 h[14]
16.075±0.0207 h[15]
16.1±0.1 h[16]
  • (255.0°, 27.0°) (λ1/β1)[17]
  • (71.0°, 28.0°) (λ2/β2)[17]
0.029±0.002[7]
0.03±0.02[11]
0.031±0.032[12]
0.0331±0.0028[9]
0.0430±0.007[4][10]
0.0508±0.0499[6]
0.051±0.001[8]
Tholen = F[1][4]
B–V = 0.624[1]
U–B = 0.206[1]
12.133±0.002 (R)[15] · 12.20[1][4][8][9][10][11] · 12.32[6] · 12.43[12]

1080 Orchis, provisional designation 1927 QB, is a dark background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 30 August 1927, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany.[18] The carbonaceous F-type asteroid has a rotation period of 16.1 hours and measures approximately 22 kilometers (14 miles) in diameter. It was named after the flowering plant Orchis.[3]

Orbit and classification

Orchis is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population.[5] It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.8–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,374 days; semi-major axis of 2.42 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The asteroid was first observed as A906 BH at Heidelberg in January 1906. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation in August 1927.[18]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the flowering plant Orchis, a genus in the orchid family. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 102).[3]

Reinmuth's flowers

Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).[19]

Physical characteristics

In the Tholen classification, Orchis is an uncommon F-type asteroid, a type which belongs to the wider C-complex of carbonaceous asteroids.[1][4]

Rotation period and poles

In 2010, three rotational lightcurves of Orchis were obtained from photometric observations. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 16.061, 16.075 and 16.1 hours with a brightness amplitude of between 0.23 and 0.31 magnitude (U=2+/2/3).[13][15][16] A modeled lightcurve based on optical data from a large collaboration network found a concurring period of 16.0657 hours and two spin axis of (255.0°, 27.0°) and (71.0°, 28.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[14]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Orchis measures between 20.755 and 24.62 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.029 and 0.051.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0430 and a diameter of 23.28 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.2.[4][10]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1080 Orchis (1927 QB)" (2017-10-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  2. ^ "orchis". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  3. ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1080) Orchis". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 92. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1081. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "LCDB Data for (1080) Orchis". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  5. ^ a b "Asteroid 1080 Orchis – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  6. ^ a b c d Masiero, Joseph R.; Nugent, C.; Mainzer, A. K.; Wright, E. L.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; et al. (October 2017). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Three: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (4): 10. arXiv:1708.09504. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..168M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa89ec.
  7. ^ a b c Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. S2CID 118745497. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  8. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  9. ^ a b c d Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID 35447010.
  10. ^ a b c d e Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
  11. ^ a b c d Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. S2CID 9341381. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  12. ^ a b c d Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. S2CID 46350317. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  13. ^ a b Strabla, Luca; Quadri, Ulisse; Girelli, Roberto (July 2011). "Minor Planet Lightcurve Analysis at Bassano Bresciano Observatory: 2010 October - 2011 March". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (3): 169–172. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38..169S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  14. ^ a b Hanus, J.; Durech, J.; Oszkiewicz, D. A.; Behrend, R.; Carry, B.; Delbo, M.; et al. (February 2016). "New and updated convex shape models of asteroids based on optical data from a large collaboration network". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 586: 24. arXiv:1510.07422. Bibcode:2016A&A...586A.108H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527441. S2CID 119112278.
  15. ^ a b c Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. S2CID 8342929. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  16. ^ a b Ruthroff, John C. (April 2011). "Lightcurve Analysis of Eight Main-belt Asteroids and a Revised Period for 185 Eunike". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (2): 86–88. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38...86R. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  17. ^ a b "Asteroid 1080 Orchis". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
  18. ^ a b "1080 Orchis (1927 QB)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  19. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1054) Forsytia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1055. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
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