1876 Republican National Convention

1876 Republican National Convention
1876 presidential election;
	Nominees ; Hayes and Wheeler
Convention
Date(s)	June 14–16, 1876
City	Cincinnati, Ohio
Venue	Exposition Hall
Candidates
Presidential nominee	Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio
Vice presidential nominee	William A. Wheeler of New York
Other candidates	James G. Blaine; Benjamin H. Bristow
	‹ 1872 · 1880 ›

The 1876 Republican National Convention was a presidential nominating convention held at the Exposition Hall in Cincinnati, Ohio on June 14–16, 1876. President Ulysses S. Grant had considered seeking a third term, but with various scandals, a poor economy and heavy Democratic gains in the House of Representatives that led many Republicans to repudiate him, he declined to run.^[1]^[2] The convention resulted in the nomination of Governor Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio for president and Representative William A. Wheeler of New York for vice president.

The Republican ticket of Hayes and Wheeler went on to lose the popular vote to Democrats Samuel J. Tilden and Thomas A. Hendricks in the election of 1876, but won the electoral vote after a controversy which was resolved by the Compromise of 1877.

Overview

The convention was called to order by Republican National Committee chairman Edwin D. Morgan. Theodore M. Pomeroy served as the convention's temporary chairman and Edward McPherson served as permanent president.

The principal candidates at the convention included Senator James G. Blaine of Maine, the former Speaker of the House; Senator Oliver P. Morton of Indiana; Secretary of the Treasury Benjamin H. Bristow of Kentucky; Senator Roscoe Conkling of New York; Governor Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio; and Governor John F. Hartranft of Pennsylvania. James Russell Lowell, well-known poet and a professor at Harvard College, spoke on behalf of Hayes.^[3]

Two candidates, Benjamin Bristow and Marshall Jewell of Connecticut, were serving as Cabinet members in the Grant administration.

Presidential nomination

Presidential candidates

Governor
Rutherford B. Hayes
of Ohio
Former Speaker
James G. Blaine
of Maine
Treasury Secretary
Benjamin Bristow
of Kentucky
Senator
Oliver P. Morton
of Indiana
Senator
Roscoe Conkling
of New York
Governor
John F. Hartranft
of Pennsylvania
Postmaster General
Marshall Jewell
of Connecticut

Blaine led after the first ballot, but had only 285 of the 378 delegates required to secure the nomination. Morton, Bristow, and Conkling each had around 100 delegates, while Hayes and Hartranft each had around 60. The second, third, and fourth ballots saw similar results, but Hayes began to surge on the fifth ballot, passing Morton and Conkling to secure third place after Blaine and Bristow. The sixth ballot saw Blaine rise to 308, but, with the other candidates fading, Hayes continued his surge, moving into second place. After the sixth ballot, the Bristow, Conkling, Morton, and Hartranft supporters withdrew their candidates' names from consideration, leaving Hayes as the sole focus of opposition to Blaine. With the other candidates gone, Hayes won a narrow majority on the seventh ballot and secured the nomination.

Presidential Ballot
Ballot	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th
Hayes	61	64	67	68	104	113	384
Blaine	285	296	293	292	286	308	351
Bristow	113	114	121	126	114	111	21
Morton	124	120	113	108	95	85	0
Conkling	99	93	90	84	82	81	0
Hartranft	58	63	68	71	69	50	0
Jewell	11	0	0	0	0	0	0
Washburne	0	1	1	3	3	4	0
Wheeler	3	3	2	2	2	2	0
Not Voting	2	2	1	2	1	2	0

Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 16, 1876)

1st
Presidential Ballot
2nd
Presidential Ballot
3rd
Presidential Ballot
4th
Presidential Ballot
5th
Presidential Ballot
6th
Presidential Ballot
7th
Presidential Ballot

Vice Presidential nomination

Vice Presidential candidates

Representative
William A. Wheeler
of New York
Senator
Frederick Frelinghuysen
of New Jersey
Postmaster General
Marshall Jewell
of Connecticut
Former Representative
Stewart L. Woodford
of New York
(Declined)
Former Representative
Joseph R. Hawley
of Connecticut

Five names were presented to the convention for the vice presidential nomination. Stewart L. Woodford of New York withdrew his own name from consideration as it was not done at his suggestion.

Representative William A. Wheeler of New York was thirteen votes shy of a majority on a partial first ballot when the rules were suspended so that he could be nominated by acclamation. Wheeler defeated Frederick T. Frelinghuysen of New Jersey, Marshall Jewell and Joseph R. Hawley of Connecticut for the nomination.