1931 Avro Ten Southern Cloud disappearance

1931 Avro Ten *Southern Cloud* disappearance
	Still from film footage of the Southern Cloud, photographed from another aircraft
Accident
Date	21 March 1931
Summary	Severe weather
Site	Snowy Mountains, New South Wales, Australia ; 35°59.967′S 148°19.775′E / 35.999450°S 148.329583°E
Aircraft
Aircraft type	Avro 618 Ten (license-built Fokker F-VIIB/3m)
Operator	Australian National Airways
Registration	VH-UMF
Passengers	6
Crew	2
Fatalities	8
Injuries	0
Survivors	0

The Southern Cloud, registered VH-UMF, was one of five Avro 618 Ten three-engined aircraft flying daily airline services between Australian cities for Australian National Airways in the early 1930s.^[1]

Disappearance

On 21 March 1931, the Southern Cloud departed at 8:10 AM from Sydney for Melbourne. On board were six passengers and two crew, including pilot Travis "Shorty" Shortridge and assistant pilot Mr C.L. Dunnell.^[2]^[3] Weather conditions en route were hazardous and much worse than predicted. The aircraft never reached its destination and disappeared.^[4]

The search for the missing aircraft lasted 18 days and involved over 20 aircraft. No trace of the missing aircraft was found. Airline co-owner Charles Kingsford Smith joined the search and "may have flown over the crash site, but with the aircraft having burned it would be very difficult to distinguish from the air and so the discovery wasn't made."^[3]

It was Australia's first major airline disaster. Australian National Airways folded later that year as a result of both this and another loss. A film inspired by the accident, The Secret of the Skies, was released in 1934.

Passengers

Six passengers departed Sydney in the Southern Cloud on 21 March 1931:^[5]

Mr W. O'Reilly, 229 Castlereagh Street, Sydney.
Miss C. Stokes, O'Sullivan Road, Rose Bay,
Mr. Clyde Hood, Onslow Gardens, Greenknowe Avenue, Darlinghurst. A producer for Union Theatres flying to Melbourne to join his wife (stage name Miss Bertha Riccardo).
Mr H. O'Farrell, 50 Gardenvale Road, Caulfield, Victoria.
Mr. Margules, of Margules and Hickman, Lonsdale Street, Melbourne, who flew from Brisbane the week prior.
Miss E. Glasgow, who had booked her travel with Thomas Cook and Sons.

Investigation and 1958 rediscovery

The Southern Cloud's fate remained a mystery for 27 years until 26 October 1958. On that day, Tom Sonter, a worker on the Snowy Mountains Scheme, made a chance discovery of the wreck. The crash site was in heavily timbered mountainous terrain within the Snowy Mountains about 25 km (16 mi) east of the direct Sydney–Melbourne route. Investigations concluded that the severe weather conditions at the time of the flight most likely contributed to the crash.^[4]

A man named Stan Baker had been booked to fly on the fateful journey, but cancelled and travelled by train instead. As a result of the aircraft's disappearance, he harboured a lifelong fear of flying – which was proved justifiable when he was killed in the 1950 Australian National Airways Douglas DC-4 crash.^[6]

In Don Bradman's book Farewell to Cricket he mentions that he flew in Southern Cloud with pilot Shortridge from Adelaide to Melbourne, then to Goulburn not long before the tragedy. He described the trip as a 'bumpy journey'.^[7]

After the discovery of the wreckage, a large memorial incorporating salvaged parts from the plane was erected in the nearby town of Cooma.^[8] The crash site is 1 mile (1.6 km) north west from Deep Creek Dam; there is a small stream adjacent to the crash site named Shortridge Creek which is a tributary of Deep Creek a short way downstream of the dam.^[9] It is unclear when the pilot's name was assigned to the stream or by whom.

References and notes

^ "Southern Cloud clock". National Museum of Australia. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2008.
^ "From the Archives, 1958: The Southern Cloud mystery solved after 27 years". The Age. 29 October 1958. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
^ ^a ^b ABC Television – 7:30 Report 30 October 2008
^ ^a ^b "Into The Abyss & Back" (PDF). Flight Safety Magazine. July–August 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2008. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
^ "PLANE MISSING.Southern Cloud Lost in Rain. GRAVE ANXIETY. Plans for an Extensive Search". The Brisbane Courier. 23 March 1931. p. 11. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
^ Simpson, Colin (1961). Show Me A Mountain: The Rise of an Australian Company, Ampol. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. p. 151.
^ Bradman, Donald (1950). Farewell To Cricket (1st ed.). Sydney: Hodder & Stoughton. p. 35.
^ "Southern Cloud Memorial". Visit New South Wales. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
^ "Jagumba NSW 2642, Australia". Google Maps. Google, Inc. Retrieved 29 December 2021.