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APOBEC3B
Identifiers
Aliases	APOBEC3B, A3B, APOBEC1L, ARCD3, ARP4, DJ742C19.2, PHRBNL, bK150C2.2, apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B
External IDs	OMIM: 607110; MGI: 1933111; GeneCards: APOBEC3B
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	5CQD, 5CQH, 5CQI, 5CQK, 2NBQ
Enzyme activity
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 22 (human)
End	38,992,804 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 15 (mouse)
End	79,800,107 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	gonad; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; bone marrow; ; rectum; ; blood; ; bone marrow cell; ; islet of Langerhans; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; duodenum; ; appendix;
	Top expressed in
	mesenteric lymph nodes; ; thymus; ; granulocyte; ; bone marrow; ; embryo; ; aortic valve; ; spleen; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; epithelium of urethra; ; ascending aorta;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines; zinc ion binding; catalytic activity; hydrolase activity; metal ion binding; deoxycytidine deaminase activity; RNA binding; cytidine deaminase activity;
Cellular component	nucleus; cytoplasm;
Biological process	negative regulation of transposition; innate immune response; immune system process; defense response to virus; cytidine deamination; cytidine to uridine editing; DNA demethylation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Databases	NCBI: entry; OMA: entry
	9582
	80287
	ENSG00000179750
	ENSMUSG00000009585
	Q9UH17
	Q99J72
	NM_004900; NM_001270411
	NM_001160415; NM_030255; NM_001347041
	NP_001257340; NP_004891
	NP_001153887; NP_001333970; NP_084531
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOBEC3B gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

This gene is a member of the cytidine deaminase gene family. It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22. Members of the cluster encode proteins that are structurally and functionally related to the C to U RNA-editing cytidine deaminase APOBEC1. It is thought that the proteins may be RNA editing enzymes and have roles in growth or cell cycle control. This gene along with APOBEC3A have been in recent years found associated with mutagenesis of several cancers. The APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B proteins can cause specific mutations in cancer genomes called APOBEC mutagenesis and several factors including genetic and environmental influence this mutation pattern among patients specifically in bladder and breast cancer.^[7] This gene is also overexpressed in multiple myeloma, possibly aiding its formation.^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000179750 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000009585 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Jarmuz A, Chester A, Bayliss J, Gisbourne J, Dunham I, Scott J, et al. (February 2002). "An anthropoid-specific locus of orphan C to U RNA-editing enzymes on chromosome 22". Genomics. 79 (3): 285–296. doi:10.1006/geno.2002.6718. PMID 11863358.
^ Madsen P, Anant S, Rasmussen HH, Gromov P, Vorum H, Dumanski JP, et al. (September 1999). "Psoriasis upregulated phorbolin-1 shares structural but not functional similarity to the mRNA-editing protein apobec-1". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 113 (2): 162–169. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00682.x. PMID 10469298.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: APOBEC3B apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3B".
^ Yamazaki H, Shirakawa K, Matsumoto T, Hirabayashi S, Murakawa Y, Kobayashi M, et al. (May 2019). "Endogenous APOBEC3B Overexpression Constitutively Generates DNA Substitutions and Deletions in Myeloma Cells". Scientific Reports. 9 (1) 7122. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.7122Y. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43575-y. PMC 6509214. PMID 31073151.

External links

Human APOBEC3B genome location and APOBEC3B gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Wedekind JE, Dance GS, Sowden MP, Smith HC (2003). "Messenger RNA editing in mammals: new members of the APOBEC family seeking roles in the family business". Trends in Genetics. 19 (4): 207–216. doi:10.1016/S0168-9525(03)00054-4. PMID 12683974.
Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, et al. (December 1999). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature. 402 (6761): 489–495. Bibcode:1999Natur.402..489D. doi:10.1038/990031. PMID 10591208.
Mariani R, Chen D, Schröfelbauer B, Navarro F, König R, Bollman B, et al. (July 2003). "Species-specific exclusion of APOBEC3G from HIV-1 virions by Vif". Cell. 114 (1): 21–31. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00515-4. PMID 12859895.
Sawyer SL, Emerman M, Malik HS (2006). "Ancient Adaptive Evolution of the Primate Antiviral DNA-Editing Enzyme APOBEC3G". PLoS Biology. 2 (9): E275. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020275. PMC 479043. PMID 15269786.
Yu Q, Chen D, König R, Mariani R, Unutmaz D, Landau NR (December 2004). "APOBEC3B and APOBEC3C are potent inhibitors of simian immunodeficiency virus replication". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (51): 53379–53386. doi:10.1074/jbc.M408802200. PMID 15466872.
Rose KM, Marin M, Kozak SL, Kabat D (2005). "Regulated production and anti-HIV type 1 activities of cytidine deaminases APOBEC3B, 3F, and 3G". AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 21 (7): 611–619. doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.611. PMID 16060832.
Bogerd HP, Wiegand HL, Doehle BP, Lueders KK, Cullen BR (2006). "APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B are potent inhibitors of LTR-retrotransposon function in human cells". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (1): 89–95. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj416. PMC 1326241. PMID 16407327.
Stenglein MD, Harris RS (2006). "APOBEC3B and APOBEC3F inhibit L1 retrotransposition by a DNA deamination-independent mechanism". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (25): 16837–16841. doi:10.1074/jbc.M602367200. PMID 16648136.
Hakata Y, Landau NR (2007). "Reversed functional organization of mouse and human APOBEC3 cytidine deaminase domains". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (48): 36624–36631. doi:10.1074/jbc.M604980200. PMID 17020885.
Kidd JM, Newman TL, Tuzun E, Kaul R, Eichler EE (April 2007). "Population stratification of a common APOBEC gene deletion polymorphism". PLoS Genetics. 3 (4): e63. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030063. PMC 1853121. PMID 17447845.
Roberts SA, Lawrence MS, Klimczak LJ, Grimm SA, Fargo D, Stojanov P, et al. (September 2013). "An APOBEC cytidine deaminase mutagenesis pattern is widespread in human cancers". Nature Genetics. 45 (9): 970–6. doi:10.1038/ng.2702. PMC 3789062. PMID 23852170.
Middlebrooks CD, Banday AR, Matsuda K, Udquim KI, Onabajo OO, Paquin A, et al. (November 2016). "Association of germline variants in the APOBEC3 region with cancer risk and enrichment with APOBEC-signature mutations in tumors". Nature Genetics. 48 (11): 1330–1338. doi:10.1038/ng.3670. PMC 6583788. PMID 27643540.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 22 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000179750 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000009585 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Jarmuz_2002-5] Jarmuz A, Chester A, Bayliss J, Gisbourne J, Dunham I, Scott J, et al. (February 2002). "An anthropoid-specific locus of orphan C to U RNA-editing enzymes on chromosome 22". Genomics. 79 (3): 285–296. doi:10.1006/geno.2002.6718. PMID 11863358.

[Madsen_1999-6] Madsen P, Anant S, Rasmussen HH, Gromov P, Vorum H, Dumanski JP, et al. (September 1999). "Psoriasis upregulated phorbolin-1 shares structural but not functional similarity to the mRNA-editing protein apobec-1". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 113 (2): 162–169. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00682.x. PMID 10469298.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: APOBEC3B apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3B".

[8] Yamazaki H, Shirakawa K, Matsumoto T, Hirabayashi S, Murakawa Y, Kobayashi M, et al. (May 2019). "Endogenous APOBEC3B Overexpression Constitutively Generates DNA Substitutions and Deletions in Myeloma Cells". Scientific Reports. 9 (1) 7122. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.7122Y. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43575-y. PMC 6509214. PMID 31073151.

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APOBEC3B

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