Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Babu (title)

Babu is a historical title of royalty and nobility used by rulers and aristocrats in the Indian subcontinent.[1][2][3] It is similar to the European titles like Duke (prince or chief) of a region. Compound titles include Babusaheb and Babuji.

Civil servants

See also: Concerns regarding Civil Services of India, Civil service reform in developing countries, and The Indian Clerk

In British India, baboo often referred to a native Indian clerk. The word was originally used as a term of respect attached to a proper name, the equivalent of "mister", and "babuji" was used in many parts to mean "sir" as an address of a gentleman; their life-style was also called "baboo culture" often also humorously appealed as "babuism". The British officials treated baboos as workers who had both Indian and British connections.[4] Since the mid-20th century, the term babu is frequently used pejoratively to refer to bureaucrats of Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and other government officials,[5] especially by the Indian media,[6] while the Indian bureaucracy is called "babudom", as in the "rule of babus", especially in India's media.[7][8][9]

Other uses

"Babu" in Swahili is like "papu" in Greek.[10] It is cognate with "baba" in Slavic languages, and ultimately with "papa" in Germanic and Romance languages. In Nepali, Hindi/Bihari, Bhojpuri, Maithili, Bengali, Telugu, and Odia languages, it is a means of calling with love and affection to spouses or younger brothers, sons, grandsons etc. It can be found in the urban trend to call "babu" to girlfriends or boyfriends, or common-friends to symbolize deep love or dearness. In many Bengali families fathers and sons are usually named babu, as a matter of intimacy, with daughters or mothers.

On the island of Mauritius the word Babu-ji refers to the warrior community within the Indo-Mauritian community. This community consists mainly of Bihari Mauritians, whose ancestors landed on the island as Coolies or indentured sugar cane field labourers during the 1810–1968 British colonial rule.[11][12]

See also

References

  1. ^ Not Available (1929). Manual Of Titles United Provinces Of Agra Amp Oudh.
  2. ^ Manual of Titles for Oudh: Showing All Holders of Hereditary and Personal Titles in the Province. Printed at the Government Press, North-Western Provinces and Oudh. 1889.
  3. ^ Lorimer, John Gordon (1970). Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, ʻOmān, and Central Arabia: Historical. 4 v. Gregg.
  4. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Babu" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  5. ^ "babu, n". OED Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
  6. ^ "Yet to start work, Natgrid CEO highest paid babu". The Times of India. 23 August 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  7. ^ Parthasarathy, Anand (1–14 September 2001). "A barbed look at babudom: Will the typically British humour of Yes Minister work if transplanted to an Indian setting? Viewers of a Hindi satellite channel have a chance to find out". Frontline. Archived from the original on 9 November 2012. Retrieved 20 May 2011. Bureaucracy knows no bounds...
  8. ^ "PM Modi tightens screws, gives babudom a new rush hour". The Times of India. 2 September 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  9. ^ "Babu". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  10. ^ See babu in Wiktionary.
  11. ^ Claveyrolas, Mathieu. "The 'Land of the Vaish'? Caste Structure and Ideology in Mauritius". Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  12. ^ Nave, Ari. Nested Identities: Ethnicity, Community and the Nature of Group Conflict in Mauritius (C. Bates (ed.), Community, Empire and Migration). Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1007/978-1-137-05743-3_3. ISBN 978-1-137-05743-3. Retrieved 25 June 2001.

Read more information:

Adlai Stevenson II

Governor of Illinois (1949–53) Adlai Stevenson IIPortrait, 19615th United States Ambassador to the United NationsIn officeJanuary 23, 1961 – July 14, 1965PresidentJohn F. KennedyLyndon B. JohnsonPreceded byJames Jeremiah WadsworthSucceeded byArthur Goldberg31st Governor of IllinoisIn officeJanuary 10, 1949 – January 12, 1953LieutenantSherwood DixonPreceded byDwight H. GreenSucceeded byWilliam Stratton Personal detailsBornAdlai Ewing Stevenson II(1900-02-05)February 5,…

The Warren, Bromley

The Warren is a 13.5-hectare (33-acre) nature reserve in St Mary Cray in the London Borough of Bromley. It is a Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade I, and is managed by the London Wildlife Trust.[1][2] The site is mainly ancient oak and silver birch woodland with a ground flora of bracken, foxgloves and bluebells. The wood is open, with grass clearings, and there is a pond which has rare London plants such as blue fleabane and hare's-foot clover. Birds inclu…

Hold On (lagu Justin Bieber)

Hold OnSingel oleh Justin Bieberdari album JusticeDirilis05 Maret 2021 (2021-03-05)GenreSynth-popDurasi2:50LabelDef JamPencipta Justin Bieber Andrew Wotman Louis Bell Jonathan Bellion Ali Tamposi Walter De Backer Luiz Bonfá Produser Andrew Watt Bell Kronologi singel Justin Bieber Anyone (2021) Hold On (2021) Peaches (2021) Video musikHold On di YouTube Hold On adalah lagu dari penyanyi asal Kanada, Justin Bieber. Lagu ini dirilis melalui Def Jam Recordings sebagai single keempat dari album…

Buruh paksa Hungaria di Uni Soviet

Plakat peringatan untuk kerja paksa orang Hungaria di Uni Soviet Masalah Buruh paksa Hungaria di Uni Soviet setelah Perang Dunia II tidak pernah diteliti sampai kejatuhan Komunisme dan pembubaran Uni Soviet. Jumlah pastinya tidak diketahui, diduga sekitar 600.000 orang Hungaria yang telah ditangkap seluruhnya, termasuk sekitar 200.000 warga sipil. Diperkirakan 200.000 warga tewas.[1] Kasus ini merupakan bagian dari sistem kerja paksa orang asing di Uni Soviet. Selain itu, sejumlah orang …

Rowing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's eight

Olympic rowing event Men's eightat the Games of the XVI OlympiadRowing pictogramVenueLake WendoureeDates23–27 NovemberCompetitors90 from 10 nationsWinning time6:35.2Medalists  United States Thomas CharltonDavid WightJohn CookeDonald BeerCaldwell EsselstynCharles GrimesRusty WailesRobert MoreyWilliam Becklean  Canada Philip KueberRichard McClureRobert WilsonDavid HelliwellWayne PrettyBill McKerlichDouglas McDonaldLawrence WestCarlton Ogawa  Australia Michael AikmanDavid…

Horace Gray

Horace Gray Hakim Mahkamah Agung Amerika SerikatMasa jabatan9 Januari 1882 – 15 September 1902 Informasi pribadiKebangsaanAmerika SerikatProfesiHakimSunting kotak info • L • B Horace Gray adalah hakim Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat. Ia mulai menjabat sebagai hakim pada mahkamah tersebut pada tanggal 9 Januari 1882. Masa baktinya sebagai hakim berakhir pada tanggal 15 September 1902.[1] Referensi ^ Justices 1789 to Present. Washington, D.C.: Mahkamah Agung Amerika…

2008 Texas Republican presidential primary

2008 Texas Republican presidential primary ← 2004 March 4, 2008 (2008-03-04) 2012 → ← RIVT →   Nominee John McCain Mike Huckabee Home state Arizona Arkansas Delegate count 80 16 Popular vote 697,767 518,002 Percentage 51.22% 38.02% Election results by county.   John McCain   Mike Huckabee   Tie   No votes Elections in Texas Federal government Presidential elections 1848 1852 185…

Reginald Fessenden

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Fessenden. Reginald FessendenPortrait de Reginald Fessenden.FonctionProfesseurBiographieNaissance 6 octobre 1866EstrieDécès 22 juillet 1932 (à 65 ans)BermudesNationalité canadienneFormation Université Bishop'sActivités Physicien, professeur d'université, inventeur, ingénieurAutres informationsA travaillé pour Université PurdueUniversité de PittsburghDistinctions IEEE Medal of Honor (1921)Médaille John-Scott (1922)National Inventors Hall of Fame …

Luruhan nuklir

Posko fall-out, bangunan pelindung dari radiasi fadioaktif fall-out, di kota New York Luruhan nuklir (Inggris: Nuclear fallout) adalah sisa atau bagian-bagian radioaktif yang terlepas di atmosfer setelah suatu senjata nuklir meledak dan bagian-bagian ini beterbangan dibawa aliran udara.[1] Gejala ini disebut juga dengan Black Rain sebab merujuk pada materi yang beterbangan di udara berupa debu-debu dan abu yang terpancar ketika senjata nuklir meledak, tetapi debu-debu tersebut bisa j…

Someswara Swamy Temple, Appikonda

Shiva temple in Visakhapatnam, India Someswara Swamy TempleReligionAffiliationHinduismDeitySomeshwaraLocationLocationVisakhapatnamStateAndhra PradeshCountryIndiaLocation in VisakhapatnamGeographic coordinates17°34′35″N 83°10′23″E / 17.576473°N 83.173084°E / 17.576473; 83.173084 Sri Someswara Swamy Temple is a temple to Shiva located in Appikonda, Visakhapatnam. History This temple was built in 1070 by King Kulottunga I of the Chola dynasty, and referred to as …

Franska Guyana

Franska Guyana Utomeuropeiskt departement Karta över Franska Guyana Flagga Lokal flagga Stat  Frankrike Huvudstad(och största stad) Cayenne Area 83 534 km² Folkmängd 213 031 Befolkningstäthet 3 invånare/km² Tidszon UTC-03:00 Geonames 33816706690606 Officiellt språk franska Valuta Euro (€) (EUR) Franska Guyanas läge i förhållande till moderlandet. Franska Guyanas läge i förhållande till moderlandet. Franska Guyana (franska: Guyane française, officiellt: G…

فريدريشسدورف

فريدريشسدورف    علم شعار   الإحداثيات 50°15′25″N 8°38′31″E / 50.256875°N 8.6418055555556°E / 50.256875; 8.6418055555556  [1] تقسيم إداري  البلد ألمانيا[2][3]  التقسيم الأعلى هوختاونوسكرايس  خصائص جغرافية  المساحة 30.13 كيلومتر مربع (31 ديسمبر 2017)[4]  ارتفاع 20…

1915 New York Giants season

Major League Baseball team season 1915 New York GiantsLeagueNational LeagueBallparkPolo GroundsCityNew York CityOwnersHarry HempsteadManagersJohn McGraw ← 1914 Seasons 1916 → John Purroy Mitchel at the Giants opening game at the Polo Grounds on April 14, 1915, throwing out the ceremonial first pitch John Purroy Mitchel at the Giants opening game at the Polo Grounds on April 14, 1915, where he is shaking hands with Christy Mathewson The 1915 New York Giants season was t…

Meriam laut BL 15 inch Mk I

BL 15 inch Mark I Meriam ini di atas HMS Terror, 1915 Jenis Meriam laut Negara asal Britania Raya Sejarah pemakaian Masa penggunaan 1915-1959 Digunakan oleh Britania Raya Pada perang Perang Dunia I, Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin Sejarah produksi Tahun 1912 Diproduksi 1912-1918 Jumlah produksi 186 Spesifikasi Berat 100 ton panjang (100 t)[1] Panjang 650,4 inci (16,52 m)[1] Selongsong peluru selongsong dan pemicu terpisah Berat Selongsong pe…

Japan Studio

Japanese video game developer Japan StudioNative nameJAPANスタジオCompany typeDivisionIndustryVideo gamesFounded16 November 1993; 30 years ago (1993-11-16)Defunct1 April 2021 (2021-04-01)FateMerged into Team Asobi and other studiosSuccessorTeam AsobiHeadquartersTokyo, JapanProductsApe EscapeThe Legend of DragoonIcoEverybody's GolfWild ArmsShadow of the ColossusSirenLocoRocoPataponGravity RushKnackThe Last GuardianParentSony Interactive Entertainment Japan Stu…

Fosfestrol

Chemical compound FosfestrolClinical dataTrade namesHonvan, othersOther namesDiethylstilbestrol diphosphate; Stilbestrol diphosphate; DESDP; DESP; DES-DP; DES-PAHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug NamesRoutes ofadministrationIntravenous, by mouthDrug classNonsteroidal estrogen; Estrogen esterATC codeL02AA04 (WHO) Legal statusLegal status In general: ℞ (Prescription only) Identifiers IUPAC name [4-[4-(4-phosphonooxyphenyl)hex-3-en-3-yl]phenoxy]phosphonic acid CAS Number522-40-7&…

رباعي مساري حزمي

رباعي قوة الحزمة الشعاعية، مصمم لاستخدام الترددات الراديوية. هذا النوع من أنبوب طاقة الشعاع لا يستخدم ألواح حصر الشعاع. 6L6 نوع شعاع رباعي هياكل القطب الكهربائي مع قطع الأنود مفتوحة. لوحات حصر الشعاع هي الهياكل ذات اللون الفضي إلى اليسار واليمين مقارنة خصائص الأنود لأنبوب طا…

Eccellenza Toscana 2012-2013

Voce principale: Eccellenza 2012-2013. Eccellenza Toscana 2012-2013 Competizione Eccellenza Toscana Sport Calcio Edizione 22ª Organizzatore FIGC - LNDComitato Regionale Toscana Date dal 9 settembre 2012al 5 maggio 2013 Luogo  Italia Partecipanti 32 Formula 2 gironi Cronologia della competizione 2011-2012 2013-2014 Manuale Il campionato italiano di calcio di Eccellenza regionale 2012-2013 è stato il ventiduesimo organizzato in Italia. Rappresenta il sesto livello del calcio italian…

George T. Frampton

American lawyer For the English sculptor, see George Frampton. George T. Frampton Jr.Chair of the Council on Environmental QualityIn office1998–2001PresidentBill ClintonPreceded byKathleen McGintySucceeded byJames L. ConnaughtonAssistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and ParksIn officeDecember 10, 1993 – October 10, 1996PresidentBill ClintonSucceeded byHarold Craig MansonPresident of the Wilderness SocietyIn office1989–1993 Personal detailsBornGeorge Thomas Frampton Jr. (1944-08…

The Frightened City (song)

1961 single by the Shadows The Frightened CitySingle by The ShadowsB-sideBack HomeReleased28 April 1961 (1961-04-28)Recorded18 February 1961[1]StudioEMI Studios, LondonGenreInstrumental rockLength2:22LabelColumbiaComposer(s)Norrie ParamorProducer(s)Norrie ParamorThe Shadows singles chronology F.B.I. (1961) The Frightened City (1961) Kon-Tiki (1961) The Frightened City is a song by British group the Shadows, released as a single in April 1961. It peaked at number 3 on the U…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya