Battle of the Gulf of Almería (1591)

Battle of the Gulf of Almería (1591)
	Part of the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War (1585–1604)
	; Photography of the Gulf of Almería by Gabriel Villena.
Date	Late August, 1591
Location	Gulf of Almería, Mediterranean Sea
Result	Spanish victory
Belligerents
United Provinces; England	Spain
Commanders and leaders
Unknown	Martín de Padilla
Strength
Unknown: around 35 ships	Unknown: around 20 ships
Casualties and losses
20 Dutch ships captured; 3 English ships captured	None

The Battle of the Gulf of Almería, also known as the Battle of Almería Bay or the Battle of Cape of Palos, was a naval Spanish victory that took place in late August, 1591, off Almería, near the Cape Palos, during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War (1585–1604).^[1]^[2] The battle occurred when the Spanish fleet of the Adelantado of Castile, Don Martín de Padilla y Manrique, Count of Santa Gadea (in their return from the Republic of Venice to Spain with a valuable goods), sighted an Anglo-Dutch fleet in the waters of Almería, on the southern coast of Spain.^[1]^[2] The Spanish fleet, led by Martín de Padilla, attacked with such fury the Anglo-Dutch fleet who managed to undo their training, achieved a great success.^[3] About 20 Dutch ships and 3 English ships were captured by the Spaniards, and some ships of the rest of the Anglo-Dutch fleet were seriously damaged.^[3] On the other hand, the Spanish losses were minimal.^[3]

After the battle, the Spanish fleet victorious, entered the port of Almeria with the captured ships.^[2]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898). Armada Española desde la unión de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón. Vol. III. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval. p.78
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d VV.AA. Enciclopedia General del Mar. (1957)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898) p.78

References

Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898). Armada Española desde la unión de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón. Vol. III. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval. Madrid. (in Spanish)
VV.AA. Enciclopedia General del Mar. Garriga. (1957).
Rodríguez González, Agustín Ramón. Victorias por Mar de los Españoles. Grafite Ediciones (2006). ISBN 978-84-96281-38-7 (in Spanish)
MacCaffrey, Wallace T. (1994). Elizabeth I: War and Politics, 1588-1603. Princeton. Princeton University Press. USA. ISBN 978-0-691-03651-9