Claudin-11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN11gene.[5][6][7] It belongs to the group of claudins and was the first member of the family to be knocked out in mice, thereby demonstrating the central role of claudins for intramembranous strands observed in freeze-fracture images.[8]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the claudin family of tight junction associated proteins and is a major component of central nervous system myelin that is necessary for normal CNS function,[9] hearing,[10] and spermatogenesis.[8] There is growing evidence that the protein determines the permeability between layers of myelin sheaths[11] and, with its expression highly regulated during development, may play an important role in cellular proliferation and migration. In addition, the protein is a candidate autoantigen in the development of autoimmune demyelinating disease.[7] Finally, experiments in Cldn11-null mice demonstrate that behavioral phenotypes in open field tests, as well as defects in sound lateralization, accompany changes in neurotransmitter levels in the amygdala/ventral hippocampus and auditory brainstem. This study reveals a molecular mechanism by which changes to myelin membrane properties in the absence of degenerative pathology, could lead to neuropsychiatric disease in humans.[12]
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Bronstein JM, Kozak CA, Chen XN, Wu S, Danciger M, Korenberg JR, Farber DB (June 1996). "Chromosomal localization of murine and human oligodendrocyte-specific protein genes". Genomics. 34 (2): 255–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0278. PMID8661061.
^Bronstein JM, Popper P, Micevych PE, Farber DB (September 1996). "Isolation and characterization of a novel oligodendrocyte-specific protein". Neurology. 47 (3): 772–8. doi:10.1212/wnl.47.3.772. PMID8797478. S2CID20873471.
Tsukita S, Furuse M, Itoh M (April 2001). "Multifunctional strands in tight junctions". Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology. 2 (4): 285–93. doi:10.1038/35067088. PMID11283726. S2CID36524601.
Tsukita S, Furuse M (October 2002). "Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets". Current Opinion in Cell Biology. 14 (5): 531–6. doi:10.1016/S0955-0674(02)00362-9. PMID12231346.
González-Mariscal L, Betanzos A, Nava P, Jaramillo BE (January 2003). "Tight junction proteins". Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology. 81 (1): 1–44. doi:10.1016/S0079-6107(02)00037-8. PMID12475568.
Shafit-Zagardo B, Kress Y, Zhao ML, Lee SC (December 1999). "A novel microtubule-associated protein-2 expressed in oligodendrocytes in multiple sclerosis lesions". Journal of Neurochemistry. 73 (6): 2531–7. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0732531.x. PMID10582615. S2CID28794721.
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