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DAZL
Identifiers
Aliases	DAZL, DAZH, DAZL1, DAZLA, SPGYLA, deleted in azoospermia like
External IDs	OMIM: 601486; MGI: 1342328; GeneCards: DAZL
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2XS2, 2XS5, 2XS7, 2XSF
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	16,670,306 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (mouse)
End	50,600,664 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	oocyte; ; secondary oocyte; ; gonad; ; right testis; ; left testis; ; sperm; ; testicle; ; appendix; ; metanephros; ; lymph node;
	Top expressed in
	spermatocyte; ; spermatid; ; egg cell; ; Gonadal ridge; ; secondary oocyte; ; zygote; ; primary oocyte; ; seminiferous tubule; ; ovary; ; morula;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleic acid binding; protein binding; RNA binding; translation activator activity; identical protein binding; mRNA 3'-UTR binding; mRNA binding;
Cellular component	nucleus; polysome; cytoplasm; intracellular anatomical structure; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	multicellular organism development; cell differentiation; regulation of translation; spermatogenesis; oocyte maturation; female meiosis II; germ cell development; positive regulation of meiotic nuclear division; positive regulation of translational initiation; 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Databases	NCBI: entry; OMA: entry
	1618
	13164
	ENSG00000092345
	ENSMUSG00000010592
	Q92904
	Q64368
	NM_001351; NM_001190811
	NM_001277863; NM_010021
	NP_001177740; NP_001342
	NP_001264792; NP_034151
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Deleted in azoospermia-like is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DAZL gene.^[5]

Function

The DAZ (Deleted in AZoospermia) gene family encodes potential RNA binding proteins that are expressed in prenatal and postnatal germ cells of males and females. The protein encoded by this gene is localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm of fetal germ cells and to the cytoplasm of developing oocytes. In the testis, this protein is localized to the nucleus of spermatogonia but relocates to the cytoplasm during meiosis where it persists in spermatids and spermatozoa. Transposition and amplification of this autosomal gene during primate evolution gave rise to the DAZ gene cluster on the Y chromosome. Mutations in this gene have been linked to severe spermatogenic failure and infertility in males.^[6]

In mice and pigs deficient in DAZL, PGCs migrate to the gonad but do not undertake germ cell determination, and may instead produce germ cell tumors.^[7]

Interactions

DAZL has been shown to interact with DAZ1.^[8]^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000092345 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000010592 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Saxena R, Brown LG, Hawkins T, Alagappan RK, Skaletsky H, Reeve MP, et al. (November 1996). "The DAZ gene cluster on the human Y chromosome arose from an autosomal gene that was transposed, repeatedly amplified and pruned". Nature Genetics. 14 (3): 292–299. doi:10.1038/ng1196-292. PMID 8896558. S2CID 34964224.
^ "Entrez Gene: DAZL deleted in azoospermia-like".
^ Nicholls PK, Schorle H, Naqvi S, Hu YC, Fan Y, Carmell MA, et al. (December 2019). "Mammalian germ cells are determined after PGC colonization of the nascent gonad". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (51): 25677–25687. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11625677N. doi:10.1073/pnas.1910733116. PMC 6925976. PMID 31754036.
^ Ruggiu M, Cooke HJ (July 2000). "In vivo and in vitro analysis of homodimerisation activity of the mouse Dazl1 protein". Gene. 252 (1–2): 119–126. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00219-5. PMID 10903443.
^ Tsui S, Dai T, Roettger S, Schempp W, Salido EC, Yen PH (May 2000). "Identification of two novel proteins that interact with germ-cell-specific RNA-binding proteins DAZ and DAZL1". Genomics. 65 (3): 266–273. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6169. PMID 10857750.

Shan Z, Hirschmann P, Seebacher T, Edelmann A, Jauch A, Morell J, et al. (December 1996). "A SPGY copy homologous to the mouse gene Dazla and the Drosophila gene boule is autosomal and expressed only in the human male gonad". Human Molecular Genetics. 5 (12): 2005–2011. doi:10.1093/hmg/5.12.2005. PMID 8968755.
Yen PH, Chai NN, Salido EC (December 1996). "The human autosomal gene DAZLA: testis specificity and a candidate for male infertility". Human Molecular Genetics. 5 (12): 2013–2017. doi:10.1093/hmg/5.12.2013. PMID 8968756.
Seboun E, Barbaux S, Bourgeron T, Nishi S, Agulnik A, Egashira M, et al. (April 1997). "Gene sequence, localization, and evolutionary conservation of DAZLA, a candidate male sterility gene". Genomics. 41 (2): 227–235. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4635. PMID 9143498.
Ruggiu M, Speed R, Taggart M, McKay SJ, Kilanowski F, Saunders P, et al. (September 1997). "The mouse Dazla gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein essential for gametogenesis". Nature. 389 (6646): 73–77. Bibcode:1997Natur.389...73R. doi:10.1038/37987. PMID 9288969. S2CID 8809115.
Chai NN, Phillips A, Fernandez A, Yen PH (August 1997). "A putative human male infertility gene DAZLA: genomic structure and methylation status". Molecular Human Reproduction. 3 (8): 705–708. doi:10.1093/molehr/3.8.705. PMID 9294855. S2CID 3489111.
Agulnik AI, Zharkikh A, Boettger-Tong H, Bourgeron T, McElreavey K, Bishop CE (September 1998). "Evolution of the DAZ gene family suggests that Y-linked DAZ plays little, or a limited, role in spermatogenesis but underlines a recent African origin for human populations". Human Molecular Genetics. 7 (9): 1371–1377. doi:10.1093/hmg/7.9.1371. PMID 9700189.
Nishi S, Hoshi N, Kasahara M, Ishibashi T, Fujimoto S (June 1999). "Existence of human DAZLA protein in the cytoplasm of human oocytes". Molecular Human Reproduction. 5 (6): 495–497. doi:10.1093/molehr/5.6.495. PMID 10340994.
Slee R, Grimes B, Speed RM, Taggart M, Maguire SM, Ross A, et al. (July 1999). "A human DAZ transgene confers partial rescue of the mouse Dazl null phenotype". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (14): 8040–8045. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.8040S. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.14.8040. PMC 22184. PMID 10393944.
Dorfman DM, Genest DR, Reijo Pera RA (October 1999). "Human DAZL1 encodes a candidate fertility factor in women that localizes to the prenatal and postnatal germ cells". Human Reproduction. 14 (10). Oxford, England: 2531–2536. doi:10.1093/humrep/14.10.2531. PMID 10527983.
Tsai MY, Chang SY, Lo HY, Chen IH, Huang FJ, Kung FT, et al. (March 2000). "The expression of DAZL1 in the ovary of the human female fetus". Fertility and Sterility. 73 (3): 627–630. doi:10.1016/S0015-0282(99)00544-0. PMID 10689024.
Brekhman V, Itskovitz-Eldor J, Yodko E, Deutsch M, Seligman J (May 2000). "The DAZL1 gene is expressed in human male and female embryonic gonads before meiosis". Molecular Human Reproduction. 6 (5): 465–468. doi:10.1093/molehr/6.5.465. PMID 10775651. S2CID 17223133.
Ruggiu M, Saunders PT, Cooke HJ (2000). "Dynamic subcellular distribution of the DAZL protein is confined to primate male germ cells". Journal of Andrology. 21 (3): 470–477. doi:10.1002/j.1939-4640.2000.tb03403.x. PMID 10819456.
Tsui S, Dai T, Warren ST, Salido EC, Yen PH (June 2000). "Association of the mouse infertility factor DAZL1 with actively translating polyribosomes". Biology of Reproduction. 62 (6): 1655–1660. doi:10.1095/biolreprod62.6.1655. PMID 10819768.
Reijo RA, Dorfman DM, Slee R, Renshaw AA, Loughlin KR, Cooke H, et al. (November 2000). "DAZ family proteins exist throughout male germ cell development and transit from nucleus to cytoplasm at meiosis in humans and mice". Biology of Reproduction. 63 (5): 1490–1496. doi:10.1095/biolreprod63.5.1490. PMID 11058556.
Xu EY, Moore FL, Pera RA (June 2001). "A gene family required for human germ cell development evolved from an ancient meiotic gene conserved in metazoans". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 98 (13): 7414–7419. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.7414Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.131090498. PMC 34683. PMID 11390979.
Van Golde RJ, Tuerlings JH, Kremer JA, Braat DD, Schoute F, Hoefsloot LH (July 2001). "DAZLA: an important candidate gene in male subfertility?". Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics. 18 (7): 395–399. doi:10.1023/A:1016678624225. PMC 3455824. PMID 11499325.
Lin YM, Chen CW, Sun HS, Tsai SJ, Hsu CC, Teng YN, et al. (November 2001). "Expression patterns and transcript concentrations of the autosomal DAZL gene in testes of azoospermic men". Molecular Human Reproduction. 7 (11): 1015–1022. doi:10.1093/molehr/7.11.1015. PMID 11675467.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 3 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000092345 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000010592 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Saxena_1996-5] Saxena R, Brown LG, Hawkins T, Alagappan RK, Skaletsky H, Reeve MP, et al. (November 1996). "The DAZ gene cluster on the human Y chromosome arose from an autosomal gene that was transposed, repeatedly amplified and pruned". Nature Genetics. 14 (3): 292–299. doi:10.1038/ng1196-292. PMID 8896558. S2CID 34964224.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: DAZL deleted in azoospermia-like".

[7] Nicholls PK, Schorle H, Naqvi S, Hu YC, Fan Y, Carmell MA, et al. (December 2019). "Mammalian germ cells are determined after PGC colonization of the nascent gonad". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (51): 25677–25687. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11625677N. doi:10.1073/pnas.1910733116. PMC 6925976. PMID 31754036.

[Ruggiu_2000-8] Ruggiu M, Cooke HJ (July 2000). "In vivo and in vitro analysis of homodimerisation activity of the mouse Dazl1 protein". Gene. 252 (1–2): 119–126. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00219-5. PMID 10903443.

[Tsui_2000-9] Tsui S, Dai T, Roettger S, Schempp W, Salido EC, Yen PH (May 2000). "Identification of two novel proteins that interact with germ-cell-specific RNA-binding proteins DAZ and DAZL1". Genomics. 65 (3): 266–273. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6169. PMID 10857750.

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DAZL

Function

Interactions

References

Further reading

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