Share to:

Death dates of victims of the Great Purge

Personal

Pre-leadership

Leader of the Soviet Union

Political ideology

Works

Legacy

Joseph Stalin's purges and massacres between 1936 and the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany (Great Purge) had about one million victims. This list includes some of the most prominent victims along with the date of their deaths. Except where otherwise stated, the date is that on which the individual was executed by shooting.

1936

July

9 Aghasi Khanjian (murdered by Lavrentiy Beria or suicide)

August

22 Mikhail Tomsky (suicide)

25 Grigori Zinoviev,^[1] Lev Kamenev, Grigori Yevdokimov, Ivan Bakayev, Sergei Mrachkovsky, Ivan Smirnov, Vagarshak Ter-Vaganyan.

September

25 (Genrikh Yagoda dismissed from his post as head of the NKVD, and replaced by Nikolai Yezhov)

October

3 Platon Volkov^[2]

November

23 Boris Pinson

December

28 Nestor Lakoba (suspected poisoning)

1937

January

10 Martemyan Ryutin, Ivar Smilga, Pyotr Zalutsky.

February

1 Georgy Pyatakov,^[3] Mikhail Boguslavsky, Yakov Drobnis, Nikolai Muralov, Leonid Serebryakov.

18 Sergo Ordzhonikidze (possibly suicide)

March

13 Nikolai Glebov-Avilov

21 Levan Gogoberidze

22 Andrei Kolegayev

May

26 Vladimir Nevsky, Alexander Slepkov, Vladimir Smirnov

31 Yan Gamarnik (suicide), Nikolai Uglanov

June

12 Mikhail Tukhachevsky,^[4] Roberts Eidemanis, Boris Feldman, August Kork, Vitaly Primakov, Vitovt Putna, Ieronim Uborevich, Iona Yakir.

14 Voldemar Vöölmann

19 Yakov Doletsky (suicide), Dmitry Shmidt^[5]

20 Mark Gai,^[6] Andreu Nin (murdered in Barcelona), Jan Sten

27 Sandro Akhmeteli

July

1 Anatoliy Gekker, Matvei Vasilenko

2 Yevgeni Preobrazhensky, Lev Sosnovsky

3 Boris Gorbachev

10 George Eliava

16 Vladimir Kirillov, Pavel Vasiliev

18 Grigol Giorgadze

19 Budu Mdivani

22 Paolo Iashvili (suicide)

August

4 Shalva Okudzhava^ru

7 Oscar Ryvkin, Nikolai Sollogub

13 Aleksandr Voronsky, Boris Didkovsky

14 Leopold Averbakh,^[7] Karl Pauker, Ivan Zaporozhets Leonty Ugryumov

17 Sahak Ter-Gabrielyan

21 Artur Artuzov, Adolf Warski, Leon Gaikis

25 Johannes Raudmets, Boris Steiger^ru

30 Panas Lyubchenko (suicide)

September

2 Grigol Lordkipanidze (died while under interrogation), Alexander Shliapnikov

4 Ignace Reiss (murdered in Switzerland), Evgeny Pashukanis

10 Sergei Medvedev, Hayk Ovsepyan, David Petrovsky, Sergei Syrtsov, Sergei Tretyakov

14 Nikolay Ustryalov

20 Lev Karakhan,^[8] Marcian Germanovich, Nikolai Kashirin, Ivan Smolin, Ivan Teodorovich, Henryk Walecki

21 Seit Devdariani, Julian Lenski

28 Sergei Mezheninov, Timofei Sapronov

30 Mikheil Javakhishvili

October

3 Alexander Chayanov, Hans Kippenberger, Willy Leow

4 Vladimir Volsky

6 Alexey Skulachenko

10 Peter of Krutitsy

13 Bekir Çoban-zade, Ahmad Javad

15 Dmitry Fesenko, Evgen Gvaladze, Pamphylia Tanailidi

23 Nikolai Klyuev

26 Henryk Domski

27 Nikolai Durnovo

29 Yakau Branshteyn, Anani Dziakaŭ, Platon Halavach, Valery Marakou, Anatol Volny^[9] Vladimir Milyutin, Sergei Sedov

30 Ivan Akulov, Mikhail Chudov, Mendel Khatayevich, Aleksei Kiselyov, Alexander Krinitsky, Vladimir Polonsky, Mikhail Razumov, Alexander Shotman, Avel Yenukidze,^[8] Ivan Zhukov

November

1 Kuzebay Gerd, Milan Gorkic, Gustaw Henrykowski

4 Alexandru Dobrogeanu-Gherea

8 Mikhail Vasilyev-Yuzhin

10 Lev Shubnikov

11 Sergei Chavain, Olyk Ipai, Shabdar Osyp

19 Mikhail Demichev

20 Metropolitan Joseph (Petrovykh)

21 Fyodor Golovin, Adrian Piotrovsky,

24 Nikolai Oleynikov

26 Yakov Hanecki, Heinz Neumann, Alexander Krasnoshchyokov, Leonid Kurchevsky, Emanuel Kviring

27 Yeghishe Charents, Aino Forsten, Eero Haapalainen, Ruben Rubenov, Daniil Sulimov

December

2 Petre Otskheli

3 Shalva Eliava, Boris Skibine

8 Pavel Florensky

10 Rashid Khan Kaplanov, Vladimir Lyubimov, Movses Silikyan

11 Jaan Anvelt (died from torture under interrogation), Hayk Bzhishkyan, Seraphim Chichagov, Mamia Orakhelashvili^[8]

16 Giorgi Mazniashvili, Titsian Tabidze

19 Waclaw Bogucki

20 Mustafa Mahmudov

22 Evgeni Mikeladze

23 Herman Hurmevaara

30 Alyaksandr Tsvikievich

1938

January

2 Yevgeny Henkin, Ulvi Rajab

4 Boris Tageyev

6 Mikayil Mushfig

8 Jūlijs Daniševskis, Mikhail Plisetski

11 Arvid Kubbel, Georgy Langemak

14 Anatoly Pepelyayev

17 Vladimir Beneshevich

20 Juho Perala, Nikolai Zhilyayev

25 Yevgeny Polivanov

29 Anton Prykhodko

February

8 Tikhon Khvesin, Nikolai Kuzmin, John Pepper

9 Vaino Kallio, Romuald Muklevich, Gazanfar Musabekov

10 Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko, Christophor Araratov, Alexander Beloborodov, Maksim Haretski, Grigory Kaminsky, Joseph Meerzon, Alexander Serebrovsky, Aleksandr Smirnov

13 Alexander Samoylovich

15 Leonid Ustrugov

17 Abram Slutsky (poisoned)

18 Georgii Frederiks, Dmitry Mushketov, Julian Shchutsky,

21 Vladimir Dzhunkovsky

25 Sanjar Asfendiyarov

26 Jukka Ahti, Abram Markson, Tyyne Salomaa

March

10 Tobias Akselrod

14 Vasily Glagolev

15 Nikolai Bukharin, Alexei Rykov, Genrikh Yagoda, Pavel Bulanov, Mikhail Chernov, Hryhoriy Hrynko, Akmal Ikramov, Vladimir Ivanov, Nikolai Krestinsky, Pyotr Kryuchkov, Arkady Rosengolts, Vasily Sharangovich, Isaac Zelensky, Prokopy Zubarev,^[10] Valentin Trifonov.

21 Mirza Davud Huseynov

22 Hermann Schubert

28 Vladimir Timiryov

April

5 Verner Lehtimäki

7 Artyom Vesyoly

8 Panteleimon Romanov

21 Sultan Majid Afandiyev, Oskari Ikonen, Boris Pilnyak, Huseyn Rahmanov, Kustaa Rovio, Suren Shadunts

23 Kasyan Chaykovsky (died under interrogation)

24 Aliheydar Garayev

25 Jekabs Peterss, Ivan Mezhlauk

29 Aleksandra Sokolovskaya

May

8 Frans Myyryläinen

29 Hans Hellmann, Solomon Levit

June

3 Sándor Barta

14 Edvard Gylling

18 Avetis Sultan-Zade

19 Anastasia Bitsenko

20 Vladimir Gorev, Nikolai Janson

21 Nikolai Goloded (suicide during an interrogation)

25 Vladimir Gorev

29 Vasily Shorin

July

10 Gaziz Almukhametov

18 Vahan Totovents

27 Mikhail Velikanov

28 Yakov Davydov, Terenty Deribas, Vladimir Kirshon, Yakov Alksnis, Izrail Leplevsky, Maksim Ammosov, Vladimir Orlov, Mikhail Sangursky, Alexander Svechin, Ioakhim Vatsetis

29^[11] Janis Rudzutaks, Nikolai Antipov, Moisei Frumkin^ru, Vilhelm Knorin, Nikolai Krylenko, Valery Mezhlauk, Vasily Schmidt, Boris Shumyatsky, Matvey Skobelev, Jozef Unszlicht, Amatuni Vartapetyan, Yakov Yakovlev, Volodymyr Zatonsky

Ivan Belov, Yan Berzin, Anton Bulin, Ivan Dubovoy, Pavel Dybenko, Sergei Gribov, Ivan Gryaznov, Innokenty Khalepsky, Vasiliy Khripin, Grigory Kireyev, Yepifan Kovtyukh, Mikhail Levandovsky, Alexander Sedyakin, Ivan Tkachev

August

1 Yakov Agranov, Alexander Bekzadyan, Eduard Berzin, Andrei Bubnov, Aleksei Stetsky, Semyon Uritsky, Yan Gaylit, Ivan Kosogov, Nikolay Kuibyshev, Mikhail Viktorov, Konstantin Yurenev

16 Marcel Pauker

19 Nikolai Krivoruchko, Vasiliy Mantsev, Nikolay Pakhomov

22 Pyotr Feldman, Vladimir Gittis, Vilhelm Garf, Lavrenti Kartvelashvili, Pavel Sytin

25 Semyon Dimanstein^[12]

26 Andrei Sazontov, Sofia Sokolovskaya, Mikhail Svechnikov

29 Jan Antonovich Berzin,^[12] Pyotr Bryanskikh, Boris Kamkov,^[12] Béla Kun,^[12] Jamshid Nakhchivanski, Lev Mironov^ru, Leonid Zakovsky^[13]

September

1 Nikolai Bryukhanov,^[12] Mieczysław Broński,^[12] Valerian Osinsky^[12]

3 Alexander Tarasov-Rodionov

7 Nikolai Gorbunov,^[12] Karim Mammadbeyov, Nikolai Zimin

8 Mikhail Amelin, Ivan Nikulin

12 Gerzel Baazov

16 Vasily Yakovlev

17 Bruno Jasienski, Nikolai Kondratiev

20 Boris Kornilov, Theodore Maly

21 Benedikt Livshits

22 Vladimir Karelin^[12]

27 Hanna Karhinen

October

3 Vladimir Varankin

4 Nikolai Vladimirovich Nekrasov

10 Vasili Oshchepkov

11 Grigory Gurkin

12 Matti Airola (died in prison), Maximilian Kravkov

26 Alexander Nikonov

27 Khadija Gayibova, Artemic Khalatov

29 Alexander Krinitsky

30 Osip Piatnitsky

November

6 Vladimir Ivanov

9 Vasily Blyukher (beaten to death by the NKVD interrogator, Lev Shvartzman)

15 Karim Tinchurin

16 Abbas Mirza Sharifzadeh

19 Pavel Voyloshnikov

22 (Nikolai Yezhov dismissed as head of the NKVD, and replaced by Lavrentiy Beria)

29 Branislaw Tarashkyevich

December

9 Vasily Helmersen

27 Osip Mandelstam (died in a labour camp), Boris Gorev

30 Georgy Lomov

31 Artem Jijikhia

1939

January

15 Kullervo Manner (died in a labour camp)

February

8 Mikhail Batorsky

10 Bela Szekely

20 Boris Kornilov

22 Boris Berman, Grigory Khakhanyan

23 Alexander Kosarev, Alexander Yegorov

25 Boris Pozern, Pyotr Smorodin

26 Vlas Chubar, Stanislaw Kosior, Levon Mirzoyan, Pavel Postyshev

March

3 Lazar Kogan, Nikolay Rattel

4 Rudolf Samoylovich

7 Alexey Bakulin, Matvei Berman, Volf Bronner, Hermann Remmele

10 Georgy Bondar, Ehsanollah Khan Dustdar

29 Boris Tolpygo

31 Vladimir Bogushevsky

April

6 Nikolai Bekryashev (died in a labour camp)

15 Aleksei Gastev, Dmitry Shakhovskoy

19 Vladimir Copic

May

8 Nikolai Varfolomeyev

19 Karl Radek (murdered in a labour camp)

21 Grigori Sokolnikov (murdered in a labour camp)

June

6 Prince Dmitri.Mirsky (died in a labour camp)

July

9 Maria Koszutska (died in prison)

August

16 Martha Ruben-Wolf (suicide)

October

31 Platon Oyunsky (died in prison)

1940

January

26 Zinovy Ushakov

28 Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev, Aleksandr Uspensky

February

2 Robert Eikhe, Mikhail Koltsov, Vsevolod Meyerhold, Mikhail Trilisser, Yefim Yevdokimov

3 Mikhail Frinovsky, Nikolai Yezhov^[14]

May

7 Nikolai Vissarionovich Nekrasov

June

23 Toivo Alavirta (died in a labour camp)

August

20 Leon Trotsky (assassinated in Mexico)

October 16 Boris Stomonyakov

See also

Timeline of the Great Purge

Notes

^ Zinoviev headed a list of 16 accused sentenced to death on 23 August 1936 at the end of the first of the Moscow Show Trials (1936). Report of Court Proceedings, The Case of the Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Centra. Moscow: People's Commissariat of Justice of the USSR.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ Volkov was married to Trotsky's daughter, Zinaida. "Волков Платон Иванович ::: Мартиролог: Жертвы политических репрессий, расстрелянные и захороненные в Москве и Московской области в период с 1918 по 1953 год". Sakharov Centre. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
^ Pyatakov headed the list of 13 accused sentenced to death on 30 January 1937 at the second show trial. (1937). Report of Court Proceedings in the Case of the Anti-Soviet Trotskyite Centre. Moscow: People's Commissariat of Justice of the USSR.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ The execution of Marshal Tukhachevsky and seven others was the start of a purge of the Red Army that claimed "at least" 20,000 victims Conquest, Robert (1971). The Great Terror. Harmondsworth: Penguin. p. 313.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ Shmidt was the principal source of the evidence against Marshal Tukhachevsky and the other executed commanders. Conquest. The Great Terror. p. 287.
^ Mark Gai was one of the first former NKVD officers executed for suspected loyalty to his dismissed chief, Yagoda. Jansen, Marc and Petrov, Nikolai (2002). Stalin's Loyal Executioner: People's Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895-1940. Stanford CA: Hoover Institution Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-8179-2902-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Averbakh, brother-in-law of Genrikh Yagoda, headed a death list of 25 former NKVD officers and family members signed by Stalin and Molotov. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c On 20 December 1937, Pravda reported that Yenukidze, Karakhan, Orakhelashvili and four others had been tried and sentenced to death the previous day, Conquest. The Great Terror. p. 371, although when the archives opened it became clear that all three were already dead by that date.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ Branstejn was one of more than 100 literary figures from Belarus (then known as the Byelorussian SSR) executed in October 1937. Other executed Belarusians. 1937 mass execution of Belarusians.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ Bukharin headed a list of 18 accused sentenced to death on 13 March 1938 at the third Moscow show trial (1938). Report of Court Proceedings in the Case of the Anti-Soviet 'Bloc of Rights and Trotskyites'. Moscow: People's Commissariat of Justice of the USSR.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ The historian Robert Conquest first noted in Encounter magazine in November 1968 the coincidence of the death dates of a long list of former communist party officials and army officers shot on three separate days. The political figures are here listed first. The Red Army commanders and commissars follow in alphabetical order, starting with Alksnis, Belov, and Gaylit. That Stalin signed off a list of 139 names in a single day, July 26, suggests that he was becoming impatient with Yezhov. Conquest, Robert (1985). Inside Stalin's Secret Police, NKVD Politics 1936-39. Houndsmill: Macmillan. p. 72-73. ISBN 0-333-39260-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ On 30 August 1938, Stalin and Molotov signed a list submitted by Yezhov of 362 people marked for execution. "Записка Ежова с приложением списка лиц: Москва-центр N 1 // от 20 августа 1938 года". Retrieved 3 February 2022. {{cite web}}: |first1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ Zakovsky and Mironov were among several former NKVD officers executed on Yezhov's orders to silence them, after the announcement on 22 August that Beria was to take over as deputy head of the NKVD. Jansen, and Petrov. Stalin's Loyal Executioner. p. 151.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ Yezhov headed a list of 346 men and women, including at least 60 former NKVD officers, and the writers Babel and Koltsov that Beria submitted to Stalin on 19 January 1940, proposing that they should all be shot. All of these executions were kept secret until after 1990. Jansen, and Petrov. Stalin's Loyal Executioner. p. 186. {{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

Index: pl ar de en es fr it arz nl ja pt ceb sv uk vi war zh ru af ast az bg zh-min-nan bn be ca cs cy da et el eo eu fa gl ko hi hr id he ka la lv lt hu mk ms min no nn ce uz kk ro simple sk sl sr sh fi ta tt th tg azb tr ur zh-yue hy my ace als am an hyw ban bjn map-bms ba be-tarask bcl bpy bar bs br cv nv eml hif fo fy ga gd gu hak ha hsb io ig ilo ia ie os is jv kn ht ku ckb ky mrj lb lij li lmo mai mg ml zh-classical mr xmf mzn cdo mn nap new ne frr oc mhr or as pa pnb ps pms nds crh qu sa sah sco sq scn si sd szl su sw tl shn te bug vec vo wa wuu yi yo diq bat-smg zu lad kbd ang smn ab roa-rup frp arc gn av ay bh bi bo bxr cbk-zam co za dag ary se pdc dv dsb myv ext fur gv gag inh ki glk gan guw xal haw rw kbp pam csb kw km kv koi kg gom ks gcr lo lbe ltg lez nia ln jbo lg mt mi tw mwl mdf mnw nqo fj nah na nds-nl nrm nov om pi pag pap pfl pcd krc kaa ksh rm rue sm sat sc trv stq nso sn cu so srn kab roa-tara tet tpi to chr tum tk tyv udm ug vep fiu-vro vls wo xh zea ty ak bm ch ny ee ff got iu ik kl mad cr pih ami pwn pnt dz rmy rn sg st tn ss ti din chy ts kcg ve

Prefix: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Portal di Ensiklopedia Dunia

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya