The population distribution in Tanzania is extremely uneven. Most people live on the northern border or the eastern coast, with much of the remainder of the country being sparsely populated.[1]: 1252 Density varies from 12 per square kilometre (31/sq mi) in the Katavi Region to 3,133 per square kilometre (8,110/sq mi) in Dar es Salaam.[2]: 6 Approximately 70 percent of the population is rural, although this percentage has been declining since at least 1967.[3]Dar es Salaam is the de facto capital and largest city. Dodoma, located in the centre of Tanzania, is the de jure capital, although action to move government buildings to Dodoma has stalled.
Although much of Zanzibar's native population came from the mainland, one group known as Shirazis traces its origins to the island's early Persian settlers. [citation needed] Non-Africans residing on the mainland and Zanzibar account for 1 percent of the total population. The Asian community include Hindus, Sikhs, Shi'a and Sunni Muslims, Parsis, and Goans, has declined by 50 percent in the 2000s and early 2010s to 50,000 on the mainland and 4,000 on Zanzibar. An estimated 70,000 Arabs and 20,000 Europeans (90 percent of which are from the British diaspora) reside in Tanzania. Over 100,000 people living in Tanzania are of Asian or European ancestry.[10]
Population density (2022)Demographics of Tanzania, Data of Our World in Data, year 2022; Number of inhabitants in millions.The BantuSukuma are Tanzania's largest ethnic group.
According to the 2012 census, the total population was 44,928,923 compared to 12,313,469 in 1967,[2]: 1 resulting in an annual growth rate of 2.9 percent. The under 15 age group represented 44.1 percent of the population, with 35.5 percent being in the 15–35 age group, 52.2 percent being in the 15–64 age group, and 3.8 percent being older than 64.[12]
According to the 2012 revision of the World Population Prospects, children below the age of 15 constituted 44.8 percent of the total population, with 52.0 percent aged 15–64 and 3.1 percent aged 65 or older.[13]
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Structure of the population
Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Estimates) (Projections based on the 2002 Population Census.):[14]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
23 267 957
23 864 623
47 132 580
100
0-4
4 191 004
4 121 103
8 312 107
17.64
5-9
3 608 891
3 551 955
7 160 846
15.19
10-14
2 735 494
2 728 687
5 464 181
11.59
15-19
2 494 983
2 490 960
4 985 943
10.58
20-24
2 179 173
2 160 970
4 340 143
9.21
25-29
1 730 600
1 754 007
3 484 607
7.39
30-34
1 289 114
1 563 083
2 852 197
6.05
35-39
1 207 182
1 394 428
2 601 610
5.52
40-44
1 032 605
1 088 697
2 121 302
4.50
45-49
770 149
797 868
1 568 017
3.33
50-54
604 621
629 580
1 234 201
2.62
55-59
422 141
459 343
881 484
1.87
60-64
347 604
387 334
734 938
1.56
65-69
223 365
243 517
466 882
0.99
70-74
179 960
207 795
387 755
0.82
75-79
115 076
130 796
245 872
0.52
80+
135 995
154 500
290 495
0.62
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0-14
10 535 389
10 401 745
20 937 134
44.42
15-64
12 078 172
12 726 270
24 804 442
52.63
65+
654 396
736 608
1 391 004
2.95
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Projections based on the 2012 Population Census.): [15]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
28 229 599
29 408 029
57 637 628
100
0–4
4 972 289
4 878 738
9 851 027
17.09
5–9
4 013 263
3 968 953
7 982 216
13.85
10–14
3 582 899
3 568 790
7 151 689
12.41
15–19
3 014 118
3 041 114
6 055 232
10.51
20–24
2 656 362
2 674 122
5 330 484
9.25
25–29
2 042 003
2 333 256
4 375 259
7.59
30–34
1 642 384
1 971 517
3 613 901
6.27
35–39
1 464 246
1 732 225
3 196 471
5.55
40–44
1 241 782
1 330 290
2 572 072
4.46
45–49
1 032 732
1 113 792
2 146 524
3.72
50–54
758 908
762 341
1 521 249
2.64
55–59
605 139
713 099
1 318 238
2.29
60–64
411 344
406 728
818 072
1.42
65-69
312 655
351 895
664 550
1.15
70-74
199 196
211 801
410 997
0.71
75-79
141 944
180 717
322 661
0.56
80+
138 335
168 651
306 986
0.53
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0–14
12 568 451
12 416 481
24 984 932
43.35
15–64
14 869 018
16 078 484
30 947 502
53.69
65+
792 130
913 064
1 705 194
2.96
Vital statistics
The Tanzanian Demographic and Health Survey 2010 estimated that the infant mortality rate for 2005–10 was 51.[16] Registration of other vital events in Tanzania is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[17]
Fertility rates are estimated by Surveys (TDHS) and Census in different times.
TDHS surveys estimated these fertility rates: 6.3 (1991–92), 5.8 (1996), 5.7 (2004–05), 5.4 (2010)
and 2002 Census said 6.3 [21]
mainland - African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, African, mixed Arab and African. Around 100,000 people living in Tanzania are from Europe or Asia.
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15–54 years: 1.00 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.75 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2013 estimate)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 70.19 years. Country comparison to the world: 169th
Most Tanzanians are nowadays Christians and Muslims. The numerical relationship between followers of the two religions is regarded as politically sensitive and questions about religious affiliation have not been included in census questionnaires since 1967.
For many years estimates have been repeated that about a third of the population each follows Islam, Christianity and traditional religions.[32]
As there is likely no longer such a large percentage of traditional religionists,[33] a range of competing estimates has been published giving one side or the other a large share or trying to show equal shares.
Estimates from the Pew Report Islam and Christianity (2010) were 60% Christian and 36% Muslim.[34]
The remainder of the population are Hindus, Buddhists, animists, and unaffiliated. Most Christians are Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican or Pentecostal, though a number of other churches, as Seventh-Day Adventist, and Eastern Orthodox Christians are also represented in the country. Most Tanzanian Muslims are Sunni Muslims, though there are also populations of Ibadi, Shia, Ahamadiya, Bohora. Muslims are concentrated in coastal areas and in mainland areas along former caravan trade routes.
^"Tanzania", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-01-31, retrieved 2023-02-06 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^At a 95 percent confidence level, the rate was 4.6 to 5.6 percent. Refer to page 202 of the survey.
^At a 95 percent confidence level, the rate was 5.5 to 6.8 percent. Refer to page 202 of the survey.
^At a 95 percent confidence level, the rate was 3.2 to 4.5 percent. Refer to page 202 of the survey.
^So repeated here: (USA government), Central Intelligence Agency. "The World Fact Book". Retrieved 25 May 2014.
^note continued adherence to traditional beliefs also among Christians and Muslims:"(In Tanzania) more than half the people surveyed believe that sacrifices to ancestors or spirits can protect them from harm." see Pew report Christians and Muslims in Subsaharan Africa (2010)
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