Draft:Hathras State
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Hathras was a princely state[1] located in aligarh division of United Province. It was ruled by Jats of Thenua clan, and belonged to Braj region.
Kingdom of Hathras हाथरस रियासत | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1712 | |||||||||
 Hathras in the Imperial Gazetteer of India | |||||||||
| Capital | Hathras | ||||||||
| Common languages | Hindi, Urdu, Braj bhasha | ||||||||
| Government |
| ||||||||
| Historical era | Late medieval period | ||||||||
• Established | 1712 | ||||||||
• Annexed by British India | 1817 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | India | ||||||||
Geography
History
Early history
Hathras region was historically ruled by different powers, including Rajput rulers before the rise of Jat rulers. In 1716, Bhoj Singh, the son of Jat ruler Raja Nandram is described to taken control of Hathras from the Rajput rulers. He was succeeded by his son Sadan Singh and later by Bhoori Singh.[2]
The history of Hathras state became more prominent during the rule of Raja Dayaram Singh, son of Bhoori Singh, who came to power in 1775. During the late 18th century, the region witnessed major political changes. In 1784 when Scindia ruler Mahadaji Shinde made his rule over Hathras, Raja Dayaram entered into an agreement with him, after the Maratha influence declined in the area, Raja Dayaram declared his state independent.[2]
British conquest of Hathras
In the early 19th centry when the British power expanded over northern India, they started merging all princely states which came to their way, still Hathras remained free, Raja Dayaram refused to accept their authority. This led to a conflict between british forces and Hathras in the year 1817 and British forces charged over Hathras fort.[2][3]
A terrible war took place in the February–march 1817, the fort was reputated as strong as Lohgarh fort of Bharatpur, after failing two times during the siege of bharatpur, general Gerard Lake decided to first concur surrounding Jat states. On 11 feburary 1817, British forces surrounded the Hathras fortess, a message was sent to fool Raja Dayaram and to let the British troops inside the fort so that inspection of the fort could be taken place, but it failed, at last British troops shelled the fort with the city, and on 23 February 1817 troops attacked the fort. Raja Dayaram continued to fight, but on 2 march 1817 due to unknown reason, the magazine gun blew up mysteriously. At last due lack of resources and surrendering of nearby princely states, Raja Dayaram quitted on 2 march 1817.[1][2][3] Later, Dayaram's son Govind Singh accepted British authority and received control over some villages as a zamindar. He later settled in Vrindavan.[2]
Govind Singh's adopted son Harnarayan Singh had no biological heir, he adopted Mahendra Pratap Singh[4], the third son of Raja Ghanshyam Singh of Mursan State.[2][5]
Rise of Raja Mahendra Pratap Singh
Raja Mahendra Pratap Singh belonged to the same Thenua clan of Jats,[6] as the former ruler of Hathras were. Later he became associated with the Indian Independence movement.[7] While living in abroad, he worked against british rule and supported the freedom struggle. In 1915, he was appointed as the president of provisional government of India, established in Kabul.[2][8][9]
After spending several years abroad, he returned to India. He is remembered for his role in the Independence movement and his association with these activities against british rule.[2]
See also
References
- ^ a b SUNDERLAL, PANDIT (1972). BRITISH RULE IN INDIA. POPULAR PRAKASHAN, BOMBAY. p. 72.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "About District | District Hathras, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India". Retrieved 21 June 2026.
- ^ a b Vernon Charles Paget Hodson (1946). List of the Officers of the Bengal Army, 1758–1834: L–R. Constable. p. 231.
- ^ "Raja Mahendra Pratap Singh, Unsung Hero and Envoy Extraordinaire For Indias Freedom". The Wire. 10 December 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
- ^ Rajesh, K. Guru. Sarfarosh: A Naadi Exposition of the Lives of Indian Revolutionaries. Notion Press. ISBN 978-93-5206-173-0.
- ^ Rajadhyaksha, P. L. Kessler and Abhijit. "Kingdoms of South Asia - Minor Indian Kingdoms of the Jats". The History Files. Retrieved 28 June 2026.
- ^ "Raja Mahendra Pratap Singh, Unsung Hero and Envoy Extraordinaire For Indias Freedom". The Wire. 10 December 2024. Retrieved 28 June 2026.
- ^ "राजा महेंद्र प्रताप सिंह की पूरी कहानी, पीएम मोदी ने जिनके नाम पर यूनिवर्सिटी का किया शिलान्यास". BBC News हिंदी (in Hindi). 14 September 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2026.
- ^ Gupta, Sourabh (28 November 2014). "3 surprising facts about Jat King at the centre of AMU row". India Today. Retrieved 28 June 2026.
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