Draft:Valtero

Valtero (officially Valteron, until 1927 known as Barakli[1]) is a settlement in the present-day Municipality of Iraklias of the Regional Unit of Serres of the Region of Central Macedonia. According to the 2021 census, it has a population of 872 inhabitants[2] and is characterized as a rural lowland settlement with an altitude of 32 meters[3].

History

Name

The name Barakli is likely derived from the Barak Turkmen Tribe.

Ottoman period

Ottoman statistical studies/records

The village is first mentioned in an Ottoman register where it is listed as a ziamet belonging to Zagan Pasha in 1452 (at the beginning of the month of Safar 856). It was granted again to Eyne Bey son of Michaloglou in 1454 (in the middle of the month of Rabi al-Awwal 858)[4]. In the register of 1454/5 it is recorded under the name Baraklar with sixteen taxable families and one taxable widow noted. The register records the village’s taxes as follows:

Tax Amount (kile) Value (akçe)
Wheat 15 375
Barley 20 300
Oats 6 75
Millet 7 87
Land tax 226
Total 1,103 (the total amount is recorded incorrectly as 1,105)[5]

In 1478/9 the settlement appears as a hass of Mesih Pasha, documented with a taxable population of twenty six families and four widows (although the total amount is listed as twenty eight families and two widows); The breakdown of Its taxation is as follows:

Tax Amount Value (akçe)
Wheat 3 Mud 500
Barley 10 Kile 30
Rye 3 Mud 240
Millet 1 Mud 60
Oats 1 Mud 25
Lentil 20
Flax 15
Tax 100
Tent? tax 10
Mill tax 1 Eye 30
Land tax 580
Total 1,610 (the total amount is recorded incorrectly as 1,945)[6]

Around the year 1530 the settlement is recorded as a hass of Suleiman the Magnificent. The inhabitants of the village together with those of the villages of Karperi and Petritzo cultivated the mezra called Moksine. The analysis of its taxation is as follows:

Tax Amount Value (akçe)
(Land tax) 27 çift 814
(Land tax) 16 bennak 176
(Land tax) 31 unmarried (mücerred) 186
Grape Tax 2 24
Wheat 10 Kile 598
Barley 32 Kile 910
Rye 9 Kile 252
Millet 11 Kile 308
Oats 5 Kile 90
Beehive tax 110
Hay tithe 43
Sheepfold tax 105
Flax tax 200
Fruit tithe 60
Fines (niyabet) and marriage tax 203
Total 4,179[7]

In 1568/9, it is recorded separately as two villages: Baraklı-yi Büzürg (Great Barakli) and Baraklı-yi Küçük (Little Barakli). In addition, they formed a timar of Mehmed, son of Yusuf. At the same time, in the two villages there was for taxation:

Tax Amount (kile) Value (akçe)
(Land tax) 60 çift 1,320
(Land tax) 20 bennak 240
(Land tax) 31 unmarried (mücerred) 144
Wheat 19 1,140
Barley 16 480
Rye 15 450
Millet 16 480
Oats 6 120
Beehive tithe 150
Sheepfold tax 25
Grazing tax 130
Fruit tithe 30
Vegetable garden tax 50
5 Broken mills
Winter pasture (kışlak) for mules, owned by Dursun, now in the hands of Isa Bey, son of Iskender, according to a document from the qadi 30
Fines (niyabet) and marriage tax and tax on compensation amounts collected by the community from the owners of animals that destroy crops and tax on the transfer of land titles 151
Bulrush tax 60
Total 5,000[8]

The settlement is not listed in the Ottoman summary tax register of the non-Muslim population dated 20/1/1616 – 8/1/1617 nor in that of 12/2/1625, which indicates that the settlement remained exclusively Muslim at the beginning of the 17th century[9]. In 1691 it is depicted with three infantrymen[10].

In 1831 it is recorded as being divided into three. The first was called Bayraklı Köyü (Bayrakli Village) and consisted of 58 Muslim men. The second was called Baraklı Köyü Ahmed Bey Çiftliği (Barakli Village Ahmed Bey’s Chiftlik) and consisted of 24 non-Muslim men, and the third was called Baraklı Köyü İbrahim Paşa Çiftliği (Barakli Village Ibrahim Pasha’s Chiftlik) and consisted of 97 non-Muslim men[11]. It is also worth noting that in the years 1828–1829 some individuals moved from Valtero to Sidirokastro, which made the village smaller[12]. Finally, the settlement is mentioned in an Ottoman census of 1893 with 113 houses and 585 inhabitants. However, in the census of the following year (1894), it appears with the same number of houses but with 680 inhabitants[13]. In addition, according to register no. 757, there was a mosque in the settlement[14].

Administrative Information

During the period of the above documents until 1826, it administratively belonged to the Vilayet/Kaza of Demir Hisar, of the left subdivision of the Sanjak/Liva of the Pasha of the Beylerbeylik (which Beylerbeylik was converted into an Eyalet in 1591) of Rumelia[15].

References

  1. ^ "Name Changes of Settlements in Greece". Pandektis. Greek National Documentation Centre. Archived from the original on 1 May 2013. Retrieved 7 December 2025.
  2. ^ Αποτελέσματα της Απογραφής Πληθυσμού-Κατοικιών έτους 2021 που αφορούν στο Μόνιμο Πληθυσμό της Χώρας. [Results of the Population-Housing Census of 2021 concerning the Resident Population of the Country.] (PDF). Εφημερίδα της Κυβερνήσεως (in Greek). Vol. 2. Athens: Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή. 26 April 2023. p. 28312. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 February 2025. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  3. ^ Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 18 Μαρτίου 2001 (Μόνιμος Πληθυσμός) [Population - Housing Census of 18 March 2001 (Permanent Population)] (PDF) (in Greek). Vol. 1. Piraeus: Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή. 2009. p. 407. ISSN 1106-5761. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 May 2026. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  4. ^ İnalcık, Halil; Radushev, Evgeni; Altuğ, Uğur, eds. (2013). 1445 Tarihli Paşa Livası İcmâl Defteri [Summary Defter of the Pasha Liva Dated 1445]. II. Murad ve Fatih Sultan Mehmed Dönemi Tahrir Defterleri (in Turkish). Vol. 1. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu. p. 73. ISBN 978-975-16-2658-5.
  5. ^ Stojanovski, Aleksandar (1978). Опширен пописен дефтер од XV век [An Extensive Census Defter from the 15th Century]. Турски документи за историјата на македонскиот народ (in Macedonian). Vol. 4. Skopje: Архив на Македонија. p. 48. Retrieved 7 December 2025.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ^ Tapu Tahrir Defteri (in Ottoman Turkish). Istanbul: Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi. 7.
  7. ^ Tapu Tahrir Defteri (in Ottoman Turkish). Istanbul: Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi. 403.
  8. ^ Stojanovski, Aleksandar (2004). Опширен пописен дефтер за Паша санџакот (казите Демир Хисар, Јениџе Карасу, Гумулџина и Зихна) од 1569/70 година [An Extensive Census Defter of the Pasha Sanjak (the kazas of Demir Hisar, Yenice Karasu, Gumuljina, and Zihna) from 1569/70]. Турски документи за историјата на Македонија (in Macedonian). Vol. 10, кн. 1. Skopje: Државен архив на Република Македонија. pp. 90–91. ISBN 998-9-622-51-5. Retrieved 7 December 2025.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ Andreev, St.; Velkov, Asp.; Grozdanova, E.; Gruevski, P.; Dimitrov, Str.; Kalitsin, M.; Mikhailova-Murvakarova, M. (1986). Dimitrov, Str.; Grozdanova, E.; Andreev, St. (eds.). Турски извори за българската история [Turkish Sources for Bulgarian History] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). Vol. 7. Sofia: Издателство на Българската академия на науките. pp. 227–229, 299–300. Retrieved 7 December 2025.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ Gökbilgin, Mustafa Tayyib (1957). Rumeli'de Yürükler, Tatarlar ve Evlad-ı Fatihan [Yörüks, Tatars, and the Evlad-ı Fatihan in Rumelia]. İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınlarından No. 718 (in Turkish). Istanbul: Osman Yalçın Matbaası. p. 262.
  11. ^ Demirel, Derya (2016). Siroz Sancağı'nın sosyo-ekonomik yapısı (1876-1912) [The Socio-Economic Structure of the Siroz Sanjak (1876–1912)] (PDF) (in Turkish). Samsun: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi. p. 75. Retrieved 7 December 2025.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ Şimşek, Aydın; Zafer, Göle; Temizer, Abidin, eds. (January 2017). OSMANLI DÖNEMİ Balkan Şehirleri [Balkan Cities of the Ottoman Period] (in Turkish). Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı. p. 345. ISBN 978-605-180-564-1.
  13. ^ Demirel, Derya (2016). Siroz Sancağı'nın sosyo-ekonomik yapısı (1876-1912) [The Socio-Economic Structure of the Siroz Sanjak (1876–1912)] (PDF) (in Turkish). Samsun: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi. p. 79. Retrieved 7 December 2025.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ Konuk, Neval (2016). Ottoman Architecture in Greece (PDF). Vol. 1. Translated by Doonan, Jeffrey; Demirkaya, Nihan; Ahmet, Ibrahim Kelaga (2nd ed.). Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi. p. 359. ISBN 978-605-88427-1-7. Retrieved 8 December 2025.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ^ Özkılınç, Ahmet; Coşkun, Ali; Sivridağ, Abdullah, eds. (2013). Rumeli Eyaleti (1514–1550) [Rumelia Eyalet (1514–1550)] (PDF). Osmanlı Yer Adları (in Turkish). Vol. 1. Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Osmanlı Arşivi Daire Başkanlığı. p. 110. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2026.

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