Emanuel Ungaro (13 February 1933 – 21 December 2019) was a French fashion designer who founded the fashion house called the House of Emanuel Ungaro in 1965.[2]
Early life
Ungaro's Italian father fled to France from Francavilla Fontana of Brindisi province because of the fascist dictatorship in Italy. Ungaro's father was a tailor and he gave his son a sewing machine when he was young.[1]
The House of Emanuel Ungaro
At the age of 22, Ungaro moved to Paris. Three years later he began designing for the House of Cristóbal Balenciaga[2] for three years before quitting to work for Courrèges. Four years later, in 1965 with the assistance of Swiss artist Sonja Knapp and Elena Bruna Fassio, Ungaro opened his own fashion house in Paris.[3]
During the mid- to late 1960s, Ungaro was known as one of the Space Age designers, along with Andre Courrèges, Pierre Cardin, Paco Rabanne, Rudi Gernreich, Jean-Marie Armand,[4] and Diana Dew, creating ultra-modern, futuristic clothing of stark simplicity consisting of flaring, mini-length garments[5][6] of geometric shape in welt-seamed[7] double-faced wools, synthetics, plastics, and metals worn with high boots, helmets, visors, and chrome and plastic jewelry.[8][9][10] His designs were said to be strongly influenced by former employer Courrèges.[11][12][13]
His womenswear designs of the 1970s were noted for their exuberant mixing of colorful prints.[14][15][16][17][18][19] He helped instigate the decade's characteristic layered look in 1971[20] before settling in to the voluminous, layered, peasant-based styles known as the Big Look or Soft Look that dominated high fashion from 1974 to 1978.[21][22][23][24][25] Ungaro's print mixtures fit well into the period's multi-layer esthetic.[26] He didn't adopt the big Fall 1978 change to big shoulders and narrow skirts[27] until 1979,[28][29] but during the 1980s he would reach a pinnacle of success and influence with his versions of it.
In the late 1970s, fashion journalist Michael Roberts, when opening a Sunday column in The Times, said "Emanuel Ungaro has a great charm. He wears it around his neck."[30]
Ungaro entered perhaps his most influential period in the 1980s, as he interpreted the era's aggressive, broad-shouldered women's silhouette[31][32][33] with Edwardian-style[34][35] shirring, ruching, draping,[36][37] and his trademark eye-catching prints[38] to create a voluptuous, very feminine, even coquettish look[39] that was highly popular with the public.[40][41][42][43]
Ungaro launched his first menswear collection, Ungaro Uomo, in 1973, and his first perfume, Diva, 10 years later in 1983. Ungaro was a participant in The Battle of Versailles Fashion Show held on 28 November 1973. Later followed the perfumes Senso (1987), Ungaro (1991) and Emanuel Ungaro For Men (1991).
By 1989, Ungaro was producing two haute couture collections a year, two women's ready-to-wear (labelled "Parallèle", begun in 1971), as well as lower-priced labels "Ter" (1988 to 1991) and "Solo Donna".[44][45] That year a scholarship was funded in his name at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, endowed by Marshall Field's in recognitiion of his legacy as a designer.
Menswear lines included "Classics by Ungaro" and "Ungaro pour l'Homme Paris".[45] Lines not designed by Ungaro himself included "Emanuel by Emanuel Ungaro", a women's line introduced specifically for the US market in 1991, "Emanuel Petite" in 1994, and "Ungaro Woman", a plus-size line added in 1996.[46][45]
In 1996, he formed a partnership with Salvatore Ferragamo.[2][47] In Ungaro's obituary, The Guardian notes that his 30 years without outside investment ending in 1996 made him "the last independent in Paris":[48]
Lack of funding shaped his own business. In 1968, he added ready-to-wear, sold at first from his salon on the Avenue Montaigne, then distributed in the US and Japan, for a reliable revenue stream to help support his couture without pursuing the licensing deals that had become standard for couturiers. He profited only from what his house directly made, not from selling the name to producers whose output quality he could not control.[48]
In 1997, Ungaro, Ferragamo and Bulgari created a new company: Emanuel Ungaro Parfums. The new perfumes to follow were Fleur de Diva (1997), Desnuda (2001) and Apparition (2004).
Giambattista Valli worked as Creative Director for Ungaro from 1998 to 2004.[49] Ungaro credited Valli with revitalizing the house, and named him as his successor.[50] In a tribute after Ungaro's death, Valli was quoted by Vogue as saying "He was one of the big masters of haute couture, with a very personal kind of universe.... We worked in parallel a lot, he on the haute couture, and me on the ready-to-wear. For seven years I learned a lot from him. He was not listening to critics, just his own dreams and obsessions."[51]
In 2005, Ungaro retired and sold the label to internet entrepreneur Asim Abdullah for US$84 million.[1][52][2]
After the sale, the label languished with a revolving door of designers, the last of which, Esteban Cortazar, who was appointed in 2007, was fired two years later after his refusal to work with actress Lindsay Lohan. Subsequently, Lohan was appointed Artistic Director, working with new head designer Estrella Archs, who was hired hastily to replace Cortazar. The introduction of Lohan, which was meant to give the label publicity, was received with shock and dismay in Paris Fashion Week 2009.[53] In 2010, during Paris Fashion Week, Lindsay Lohan announced that she was no longer working for or with Ungaro, and that she could not comment on the matter because of legal issues. Her work was heavily criticized[54] and soon after the fashion house was looking for a buyer.[55]
In 2009, the label had sales of about $200 million from fragrance and less-expensive lines sold in Asia, but the runway collection has been losing money for years.[53] In April 2010, it was announced that Archs had been dismissed and British designer Giles Deacon would be taking over as creative director.[52][56]
In 2012, the Italian company Aeffe took over the production and distribution of Ungaro products.[57] In September 2012, Fausto Puglisi was named creative director of Ungaro, and the brand announced its comeback to the Paris Fashion Week.[58] In 2015, Ungaro launched a smart ring that, connected to a phone, dimly lights up when a selected few contacts call.[59] In March 2017, Fausto Puglisi was replaced by Marco Colagrossi (formerly women's wear at Giorgio Armani) as creative director of Ungaro.[60]
Fragrance
In 2008, Avon and Emanuel Ungaro collaborated to launch a new duo of fragrances, U by Ungaro for Her and U by Ungaro for Him. Actress Reese Witherspoon served as the scents' spokeswoman.
^Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1967". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 295. ISBN0-670-80172-0. ...Courrèges, Rabanne and Ungaro...refused to give up the long-legged, short-skirted mode.
^Doonan, Simon (1 October 2001). "Zee Future Fashion Eez Cool! Ungaro, Gernreich Still Cut It". The New York Observer. Retrieved 24 January 2022. I...begged [Ungaro] to decode the enigma of space-age chic and to explain why he, of all people, abandoned the cause. 'Ze space-age look was very short-lived. It was not comfortable...,' said the couturier....'Courrèges et moi...work[ed] for Balenciaga....Balenciaga was obsessed with cut and structure and architecture....[W]e chop 20 centimeters off the skirt, and, voila, le space age'.
^Morris, Bernadine (18 September 1970). "Saint Laurent, Valentino, Ungaro: 3 Avenues to High Fashion". The New York Times: 60. Retrieved 1 December 2021. Any Ungaro follower would have quickly recognized the familiar touches — lots and lots of flapped patch pockets on coats and suits; welt seaming, and rounded, set‐apart collars or loopy, notched lapels.
^Howell, Georgina (1978). "1967-68". In Vogue: Sixty Years of Celebrities and Fashion from British Vogue. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England: Penguin Books Ltd. pp. 298–299. ISBN0-14-00-4955-X. Ungaro...with 'another leap into space' – Here, his yolk yellow canvas coat, blue pleat dress, and thigh-high Vinyl boots.
^Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1957-1967". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 242. ISBN0-670-80172-0. ...the false eyelashes, silver metallic wig and frosted pink lips of...Ungaro's space girl...
^Blackwell, Betsy Talbot. "Fashions". The American Peoples Encyclopedia 1966 Encyclopedia Yearbook: Events of 1965. Grolier Incorporated. p. 231. Courrèges...did not show a collection in the fall, but his former associate Ungaro worked the same vein.
^Morris, Bernadine (30 August 1981). "The Ultimate Luxury". The New York Times: 206. Retrieved 6 March 2022. Emanuel Ungaro..offered softer versions of the Courrèges look in the mid-1960's.
^Emerson, Gloria (31 July 1966). "The Unchanging Mme Gres and the Mischievous Mr. Capucci". The New York Times: F46. Retrieved 30 May 2023. ...Ungaro's adaptation of Andre Courrèges's ideas always look like a photograph slightly out of focus. He has a new squared silver boot designed by Roger Vivier, and the models...wear a silvery nylon...wig...
^Morris, Bernadine (27 January 1971). "Cardin Makes Styles Look Like Fun Again". The New York Times: 42. Retrieved 23 January 2022. He mixes up fast assortments of polka dots, stripes and simple, child‐like flowers in the same outfit, the way Creole women do, or joyful peasants anywhere. It goes like this: flowered shirt, striped pullover, dotted pants.
^Morris, Bernadine (27 July 1972). "From Ungaro – Fashion Show Worth the Wait". The New York Times: 36. Retrieved 23 January 2022. Ungaro's compelling interest is fabric design. He likes geometric patterns in multitudinous colors. He used to mix them up so much that you didn't know where to look, but this time, he has put everything together properly.
^Morris, Bernadine (5 April 1973). "Ungaro – The Liveliest Styles So Far". The New York Times: 56. Retrieved 23 January 2022. He mixes colors and patterns with a painter's eye....Ungaro never misses. His checks, squares and circles go together beautifully.
^Morris, Bernadine (28 July 1973). "Couture Scorecard: Good is Quite Good". The New York Times: 28. Retrieved 23 January 2022. Emanuel Ungaro runs a close second [to Yves Saint Laurent] in interpreting contemporary clothes, playing down intricacy of detailing and playing up remarkable prints that have a modern art look.
^Morris, Bernadine (30 January 1974). "Stop Me If You've Heard This". The New York Times: 20. Retrieved 23 January 2022. There were all his multitudinous prints, more floral now than geometric, dancing all over everything in sight.
^Morris, Bernadine (27 July 1977). "Crahay Turns Paris into a Celebration". The New York Times: 55. Retrieved 23 January 2022. His prints have always been exceptional and, as usual, he alternates between geometric stripes, checks and plaids on the one hand and delicate flowers on the other.
^Sweetinburgh, Thelma. "Fashion". The 1972 Compton Yearbook: A Summary and Interpretation of the Events of 1971 to Supplement Compton's Encyclopedia. F. E. Compton Co., William Benton. p. 249. ISBN0-85229-169-8. An important trend that Paris couturier Emanuel Ungaro helped launch...was the layered look of garment over garment...
^Morris, Bernadine (3 April 1974). "At Paris Shows, the Fabric is Flowing". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 February 2022. ...Ungaro...has the voluminous look, the long sweaters, the flowered skirts and the Cossack boots that constitute the main fashion news at the moment.
^Morris, Bernadine (19 September 1974). "Fashion Talk". The New York Times: 48. Retrieved 23 January 2022. Long skirts have been pretty much accepted in European fashion circles for six months or so, but even in European fashion circles, Emanuel Ungaro's are a bit extreme. They usually stop at the middle of the calf, or descend even longer. He generally pairs them with loose, smock‐like tops and the skirts themselves are rather voluminous.
^Morris, Bernadine (19 September 1975). "The Layered Look". The New York Times: 22. Retrieved 22 June 2022. The pile‐it‐on movement is in high gear over at...Emanuel Ungaro...Among his most majestic layerings were a raincoat over a tweedy coatdress over a silk dress....[C]oats topped two print dresses, worn one over the other. More familiar layerings involved sweaters, battle‐jackets and pants or skirt....Hemlines were an inch or so longer than most [US] fashions.
^Morris, Bernadine (15 August 1976). "Fashion: Paris Report". The New York Times: 179. Retrieved 23 January 2022. Ungaro['s]...peasants romp around in quilted jackets, pleated skirts and loose tunics...
^Larkin, Kathy. "Fashion". 1979 Collier's Yearbook Covering the Year 1978. Crowell-Collier Publishing Company. pp. 249–252. In women's fashion, 1978 was a year of great change. It began with women submerged under layers of soft shapeless clothing...But the year ended with the same women shedding layers to emerge with a revamped fashion silhouette reminiscent of the 1940's, a look characterized by broad, even padded shoulders, tight waistlines, and shorter, straighter skirts....[D]esigners in Milan, Paris, and New York showed fall ready-to-wear collections that almost simultaneously reached the same conclusion....broad-shouldered fashions, the pared-down look of fewer layers, and the neater waist...huge shoulders, puffed sleeves to emphasize width further...[T]he fashion message was clear: Broad shoulders were in.
^Morris, Bernadine (18 February 1978). "No More Skirting the Issue, Dresses Have Come Back". The New York Times: 28. Retrieved 23 January 2022. Emanuel Ungaro...has sent...advance hints of his styles for next fall....Ungaro uses [a brushed silk shirt] as part of a layering plan that involves a matching vest. a skirt in the same fabric but a blending print, and a couple of sweaters....But Mr. Ungaro hasn't forgotten about dresses. One of the prettiest a loose style in flowery wool challis...
^Donovan, Carrie (31 March 1985). "Fashion: Feminine Flourishes". The New York Times: 80. Retrieved 9 March 2022. Karl Lagerfeld..., Yves Saint Laurent, Emanuel Ungaro and Hubert de Givenchy...continued with their versions of the rather aggressive broad-shouldered silhouette...
^McCall, Patricia (20 March 1983). "Fashion Preview: Paris". The New York Times: 60. Retrieved 15 December 2021. As for Emanuel Ungaro, nothing is quite so seductive as a skinny sheath tucked under a big-shouldered jacket or coat. 'It is this contrast of wide on narrow that I love,' he says.
^Morris, Bernadine (31 January 1984). "Saint Laurent Dominates Couture". The New York Times: C12. Retrieved 17 March 2022. Ungaro's draped Proustian look, updated with above-the-knee hemlines, looked sexy or old-fashioned, depending on the point of view...
^Cunningham, Bill (1 March 1988). "Fashionating Rhythm". Details. VI (8). New York, NY: Details Publishing Corp.: 120. ISSN0740-4921. Emanuel Ungaro['s]...designs display a burning desire for draping the body in search of perfect beauty.
^Morris, Bernadine (29 January 1986). "Ungaro's Bright Palette Lights Up Couture". The New York Times: C1. Retrieved 4 April 2022. Ungaro is responsible for this season's dominant dress shape: tightly draped through the torso and flounced a bit at the hem.
^Morris, Bernadine (29 August 1982). "The Grandeur of Paris". The New York Times: 220. Retrieved 16 March 2022. Emanuel Ungaro is as responsible as anyone for the current tendency to mix one glorious material with another - or with five or six more - in the same design. His astonishing medleys of satin, lace and wool, or of several different prints in the same outfit, have brought him acclaim. His fabric mixes have also spurred other designers to follow suit.
^Morris, Bernadine (27 March 1985). "Paris Pick-Me-Up from Valentino". The New York Times: C1. Retrieved 4 December 2021. [A]t the Emanuel Ungaro show...models sauntered down the runway in short silk satin dresses, in myriad prints, all draped to the body. They were seductive dresses, a bit too suggestive...
^Horyn, Cathy (20 August 2010). "The Fall of the House of Ungaro". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 November 2021. [M]any people know Ungaro because it was prominent in the '80s and '90s. If you were a snooty boutique owner in Dallas or New York and you couldn't sell an Ungaro dress with the drapery pouring over the breasts and thighs like butter on a hot ear of corn, you had no business being in retail. Men loved a woman in an Ungaro dress, it was said, because the style and the vibrant colors made them imagine what she had on underneath in a way that an Armani pantsuit did not and, further, what they might do with this thought.
^Morris, Bernadine (30 August 1981). "The Ultimate Luxury". The New York Times: 206. Retrieved 6 March 2022. The hot collection of the season is that of Emanuel Ungaro...Americans are now flocking to his salon, not only to see the clothes, but to buy them. Even the French agree that his are the most satisfactory...
^Cunningham, Bill (1 September 1989). "To the Future Through the Past". Details. VIII (3). New York, NY: Details Publishing Corp.: 219. ISSN0740-4921. ...Ungaro was continuing to drape dresses and cut suits, giving his designs an international influence greater than any other Paris couturier.
^Luther, Marylou (24 October 1985). "Fashion". The Washington Post. Retrieved 9 March 2022. Emanuel Ungaro, who started the bodice-shirring trend two years ago, continues to refine this look that's now being copied all over the world. As anyone who's ever worn one of these drape-front dresses can tell you, the shirring allows freedom of movement in even the narrowest of dresses.
Daud dan Goliat: Ilustrasi Yahudi pada abad ke-13 asal Prancis. Goliat atau Jalut (Ibrani: גָּלְיָת, Golyat, Golyāṯ, Arab جالوت, Ǧālūt (istilah Al-Qur'an), جليات Ǧulyāt (istilah Kristen), Inggris Goliath) (meninggal ~ 1010 SM) adalah seorang prajurit Filistin, terkenal karena pertempurannya dengan Daud muda. Nama Goliat disebut dalam kitab Perjanjian Lama dan Al-Qur'an.[1] Tradisi Yahudi pasca-klasik menekankan bahwa tradisi Yahudi Goliat berstatus sebagai wakil…
Регион УкраиныОбластьПолтавская областьукр. Полтавська область Флаг Герб 49°30′ с. ш. 34°00′ в. д.HGЯO Страна Украина Включает 4 района Адм. центр Полтава Глава областной государственной администрации Филипп Евгеньевич Пронин[1] Председатель областной ра…
Makassar beralih ke halaman ini. Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Makassar (disambiguasi). Ujung Pandang beralih ke halaman ini. Untuk kecamatan dengan nama yang sama di kota ini, lihat Ujung Pandang, Makassar. Koordinat: 5°9′28.4″S 119°19′14.9″E / 5.157889°S 119.320806°E / -5.157889; 119.320806 Kota Makassar Ujung Pandang (1971 - 1999)Ibu kota provinsiTranskripsi bahasa daerah • MakassarMangkasara’ / Jumpandang مَعْۨكَاسَارَاءْ / …
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع مقاطعة غراهام (توضيح). مقاطعة غراهام الإحداثيات 35°21′N 83°50′W / 35.35°N 83.83°W / 35.35; -83.83 [1] تاريخ التأسيس 1872 سبب التسمية وليام الكسندر غراهام تقسيم إداري البلد الولايات المتحدة[2] التقسيم الأعلى كارولاينا الشمالي…
Kerajaan NapoliRegno di Napoli (Bahasa Italia)Regno 'e Napule (Bahasa Napoli)Royaume de Naples (Bahasa Prancis)1806–1815 Flag (1811–1815) Lambang Negara StatusNegara pengekorIbu kotaNapoliBahasa yang umum digunakanItali, Napolitan, PrancisPemerintahanMonarki absolutRaja • 1806–1808 Joseph I• 1808–1815 Joachim-Napoleon Era SejarahPerang era Napoleon• Proklamasi 30 Maret 1806• Joseph Bonaparte menjadi raja Napoli 15 Februari 1806• Pertempuran Ca…
Lycée beralih ke halaman ini. Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Lycée (disambiguasi). Lycée di Vesoul Di Prancis, pendidikan menengah berlangsung dalam dua tahap: collège (pengucapan bahasa Prancis: [kɔlɛʒ]) berlangsung selama empat tahun pertama pendidikan menengah dari usia 11 sampai 15 tahun. lycée ([lise]) menyediakan kursus tiga tahun dari pendidikan menengah lanjutan bagi anak-anak berusia antara 15 dan 18 tahun. Para murid dipersiapkan untuk dijadikan baccalauréat ([bakalorea]) (pe…
Serie B 1983-1984 Competizione Serie B Sport Calcio Edizione 52ª Organizzatore Lega Nazionale Professionisti Date dall'11 settembre 1983al 10 giugno 1984 Luogo Italia Partecipanti 20 Formula girone unico Risultati Vincitore Atalanta(4º titolo) Altre promozioni ComoCremonese Retrocessioni PalermoPistoieseCaveseCatanzaro Statistiche Miglior marcatore Marco Pacione (15) I bergamaschi vincitori del torneo Cronologia della competizione 1982-1983 1984-1985 Manuale La Serie B 1983-1984…
العلاقات السنغافورية الكوبية سنغافورة كوبا سنغافورة كوبا تعديل مصدري - تعديل العلاقات السنغافورية الكوبية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين سنغافورة وكوبا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقارنة س…
اتحاد كرة القدم الاسم المختصر FA الرياضة كرة القدم أسس عام 1863 (منذ 161 سنة) الرئيس الأمير ويليام المقر ملعب ويمبلي، لندن، إنجلترا الانتسابات الفيفا : 1905 اليويفا : 1954 النوادي 42,000 نادي رمز الفيفا ENG الموقع الرسمي www.thefa.com تعديل مصدري - تعديل الاتحاد الإنجليزي لكرة القدم…
Television channel RTL LoungeCountryNetherlandsBroadcast areaNetherlandsHeadquartersHilversum, NetherlandsProgrammingPicture format2160p UHDTV(downscaled to 16:9 1080p for the HDTV feed)OwnershipOwnerDPG MediaParentRTL NederlandSister channelsRTL 4RTL 5RTL 7RTL 8RTL ZRTL CrimeRTL TelekidsHistoryLaunched2 October 2009; 14 years ago (2009-10-02)LinksWebsitertl.nl/rtlloungeAvailabilityStreaming mediaZiggo GOZiggoGO.tv (Europe only) RTL Lounge is a Dutch pay television channel dedi…
AirportCagliari Elmas AirportInternational Mario MameliAeroporto di CagliariIATA: CAGICAO: LIEESummaryAirport typeMilitary/PublicOperatorSo.G.Aer. S.p.A.ServesCagliari, SardiniaFocus city for Ryanair Volotea Elevation AMSL13 ft / 4 mCoordinates39°15′05.29″N 09°03′15.42″E / 39.2514694°N 9.0542833°E / 39.2514694; 9.0542833WebsiteOfficial websiteMapCAGLocation of the airport in SardiniaShow map of SardiniaCAGCAG (Italy)Show map of ItalyRunways Dire…
Helene Kröller-MüllerHelene Müller dan Anton Kröller, sekitar tahun 1888Lahir(1869-02-11)11 Februari 1869Essen, JermanMeninggal14 Desember 1939(1939-12-14) (umur 70)Otterlo, BelandaKebangsaanJermanPekerjaanKolektor seni dan filantropis Helene Kröller-Müller (11 Februari 1869 – 14 Desember 1939) adalah salah satu wanita Eropa pertama yang mengumpulkan koleksi seni rupa besar dan dianggap sebagai salah satu kolektor pertama yang mengakui kejeniusan Vincent van Gogh. Ia m…
ييري شتاينر معلومات شخصية الميلاد 27 مايو 1976 (العمر 47 سنة)بينيشوف الطول 1.85 م (6 قدم 1 بوصة) مركز اللعب مهاجم الجنسية جمهورية التشيك معلومات النادي النادي الحالي TJ Spartak Chrastava مسيرة الشباب سنوات فريق 1982–1990 TJ Senohraby 1990–1994 سلافيا براغ المسيرة الاحترافية1 سنوات فريق م. (…
This article is a list of Mid-American Conference Champions. The Mid-American Conference sponsors 23 sports, 11 men's and 12 women's. Membership Years listed are the calendar years in which membership began and ended. In the case of affiliate members, the first or last year of competition may differ from the start or end of membership. Current members Ohio Bobcats (1947–present) Miami RedHawks (1948–present) Western Michigan Broncos (1948–present) Kent State Golden Flashes (1951–present)…
Philippe Noiret Philippe Noiret (1 Oktober 1930-23 November 2006) merupakan seorang aktor berkebangsaan Prancis. Dia dilahirkan di Lille. Dia berkarier di dunia film sejak tahun 1949 hingga 2006. Dia meninggal dunia pada usia 76 tahun karena kanker. Filmografi Judul Tahun Catatan Gigi 1949 Olivia 1950 Agence matrimoniale 1952 La Pointe courte 1956 Also known as The Short Point, with Agnès Varda Zazie dans le métro 1960 Also known as Zazie in the Metro or Zazie, directed by Louis Malle Le Capit…
artikel ini perlu dirapikan agar memenuhi standar Wikipedia. Tidak ada alasan yang diberikan. Silakan kembangkan artikel ini semampu Anda. Merapikan artikel dapat dilakukan dengan wikifikasi atau membagi artikel ke paragraf-paragraf. Jika sudah dirapikan, silakan hapus templat ini. (Pelajari cara dan kapan saatnya untuk menghapus pesan templat ini) Artikel ini perlu diwikifikasi agar memenuhi standar kualitas Wikipedia. Anda dapat memberikan bantuan berupa penambahan pranala dalam, atau dengan m…
Reflections Book coverAuthorIdries ShahCover artistRenata AlvaresCountryUnited KingdomLanguageEnglishGenreEastern philosophy and culture. Sufism. Psychology.Published1968-2015PublisherISF Publishing. The Idries Shah FoundationMedia typePrint (Paperback & eBook). AudiobookPages160ISBN9781784790189Preceded byCaravan of Dreams Followed byThe Way of the Sufi Reflections by Idries Shah is a collection of eighty fables, aphorisms, and statements that seek to challeng…