Within Evosea, organisms can vary across almost the entire range of morphologies seen in Amoebozoa. Many members have complex life cycles that include amoebae, flagellates and fruiting stages. Some species appear to be exclusively flagellates, with no amoeboid features.[2]
Taxonomy
Evosea is a clade discovered in 2017 through a phylogenomic study by Senghuo Kang and coauthors, published in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution.[1] Since its discovery, it has been supported by independent analyses.[4][5][6] As of 2019, it is accepted by the International Society of Protistologists as part of the modern cladistic classification of eukaryotes.[2] The name 'Evosea' is partly an acronym of the major members of the clade: Eumycetozoa (E), Variosea (v), Squamamoebidae and Sapocribridae (s), and Archamoebae (a).[1]
ArchamoebeaCavalier-Smith 1983, sensu Cavalier-Smith et al. 2004
Evolution
Evosea is composed of two sister clades: Cutosea, a small group of solitary amoebae, and Conosa, a larger group that contains the archamoebae, true slime molds and Variosea. Evosea, along with Tubulinea and Discosea, compose the entirety of Amoebozoa. The branching order of these three basal groups is still unresolved: either Evosea groups with Tubulinea (in a clade known as Tevosa),[1] or with Discosea (in a clade called Divosa). The following cladogram is based on a 2022 analysis, which resulted in the Divosa hypothesis:[6]
^ abcdefKang, Seungho; Tice, Alexander K; Spiegel, Frederick W; Silberman, Jeffrey D; Pánek, Tomáš; Čepička, Ivan; Kostka, Martin; Kosakyan, Anush; Alcântara, Daniel M C; Roger, Andrew J; Shadwick, Lora L; Smirnov, Alexey; Kudryavtsev, Alexander; Lahr, Daniel J G; Brown, Matthew W (September 2017). "Between a Pod and a Hard Test: The Deep Evolution of Amoebae". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 34 (9): 2258–2270. doi:10.1093/molbev/msx162. PMC5850466. PMID28505375.
^ abcAdl SM, Bass D, Lane CE, Lukeš J, Schoch CL, Smirnov A, Agatha S, Berney C, Brown MW, Burki F, Cárdenas P, Čepička I, Chistyakova L, del Campo J, Dunthorn M, Edvardsen B, Eglit Y, Guillou L, Hampl V, Heiss AA, Hoppenrath M, James TY, Karnkowska A, Karpov S, Kim E, Kolisko M, Kudryavtsev A, Lahr DJG, Lara E, Le Gall L, Lynn DH, Mann DG, Massana R, Mitchell EAD, Morrow C, Park JS, Pawlowski JW, Powell MJ, Richter DJ, Rueckert S, Shadwick L, Shimano S, Spiegel FW, Torruella G, Youssef N, Zlatogursky V, Zhang Q (2019). "Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 66 (1): 4–119. doi:10.1111/jeu.12691. PMC6492006. PMID30257078.
^Tice, Alexander K.; Spiegel, Frederick W.; Brown, Matthew W. (February 2023). "Phylogenetic placement of the protosteloid amoeba Microglomus paxillus identifies another case of sporocarpic fruiting in Discosea (Amoebozoa)". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 70 (4): e12971. doi:10.1111/jeu.12971. PMID36825799. S2CID257153791.
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