Two months after the story spread, the Ukrainian Air Force acknowledged that the fighter was a myth, and warned people not to "neglect the basic rules of information hygiene" and to "check the sources of information, before spreading it".[2][5][6] Experts have stated that stories such as Ghost of Kyiv are part of Ukrainian propaganda or a morale-boosting campaign, or potentially both.[7][8][9]
On 24 February 2022, Russia began a large-scale invasion of Ukraine in an escalation of a pre-existing war between the two countries. During the Kyiv offensive, which began on the first day of the invasion, videos on social media began widely circulating of fighter jets in Ukraine shortly after the invasion started, including claims of a pilot who took down multiple Russian jets.[10][11] The claim that a MiG-29 pilot nicknamed the "Ghost of Kyiv" who won six air fights in the skies of Kyiv appeared during the first 30 hours of the invasion.[1][12] The six planes were reported as two Su-35s, two Su-25s, an Su-27, and an enemy MiG-29.[13][14][15] If the flying ace had existed, they would have been the first recorded fighter ace of the 21st century.[16]
The Ukrainian Ministry of Defence claimed that—would the shoot-downs be confirmed—the Ghost of Kyiv could be one of the dozens of experienced pilots of the military reserve who returned to the Armed Forces of Ukraine after Russia invaded.[17] In a tweet, it referred to the Ghost of Kyiv as "the air avenger".[18] However, Ukrainian commander-in-chief Valerii Zaluzhnyi said he could only confirm a total of six Russian planes downed on the first day of fighting in Ukraine, though there may have been more.[12]
The image tweeted by Poroshenko, later revealed to be fighter pilot Andrii Pilshchykov.
Former Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko posted a tweet of a photograph of a fighter pilot, falsely claiming it to be the Ghost of Kyiv.[19][20][21] The photo was later found to be an unrelated image from a Ministry of Defense post from 2019.[21] On 27 February, the Security Service of Ukraine said in a Facebook post that the Ghost of Kyiv had shot down 10 aircraft.[22] By March 2, official sources had confirmed neither an individual identity nor an official record for the rumored pilot.[23]
Doubts
A day later, however, The Times reported that a Ukrainian military source said the pilot was real and still alive.[24] The Armed Forces of Ukraine posted on Facebook the purported pilot in his helmet with the visor up with the caption, "Hello, occupier, I'm coming for your soul!".[25]
Military.com stated that the Ghost of Kyiv was "almost certainly a myth, albeit an incredibly useful one as Ukraine tries to rally its citizens to resist Russian conquest".[26]Newsweek wrote that the Ghost of Kyiv was "very likely not real, but instead, an imaginary hero designed to bolster Ukrainians' morale in the face of the Russian invasion," adding that "there is zero evidence the 'Ghost of Kyiv' exists with Ukrainian authorities not confirming their existence".[12]
Reexaminations have characterized the Ghost of Kyiv as a part of a larger "information war" to counter the Russian invasion.[27] Despite the Russian military owning an advantage in its use of information, Ukraine has defended the country's efforts and may have overtaken them using Russia's lack of success.[clarification needed][28]Task & Purpose and The Times of Israel have described the Ghost of Kyiv as a narrative that's an element of Ukraine's resistance.[28][27]
Selfie by Pilshchykov, 25 April 2019.
Clarifications
The persona is based on confirmed downing of Russian planes, assigned to one heroic figure.[29]
On 30 April 2022, Ukraine's Air Force Command admitted the mythical status of the Ghost of Kyiv, writing that "The ghost of Kyiv is a superhero-legend, whose character was created by Ukrainians,"[2] and that "the #GhostOfKyiv is alive, it embodies the collective spirit of the highly qualified pilots".[30]
In early 2024, Ukraine Ground Forces spokesperson Illia Yevlash, admitted that the pilot is fictional and was created by his team after Ukrainian Force showed repeated ability to down Russian planes :
« During a brainstorming session, it seems to me that Volodymyr Fityo (Ukrainian Ground Forces Spokesperson) suggested calling him ‘The Ghost of Kyiv.’ Everyone supported the idea. Later the news agencies, the United News Telemarathon spread the info. We wrote a post about him twice, and then ‘The Ghost’ began to live his own ».[29]
The spokesperson for the Eastern UAF Group, Serhiy Cherevat pointing out it « create[d] the image of an avenger, a national hero, a flying ace destroying the enemy aircraft ».[29]
An anonymous Ukrainian military expert told BBC that it helped "raise morale at a time when people need simple stories", and the Air Force Command also warned people to not "neglect the basic rules of information hygiene" and to "check the sources of information, before spreading it".[2][5][6] The statement came after multiple media outlets published stories wrongly identifying Major Stepan Tarabalka as the man behind the moniker. Tarabalka was a real pilot who died on 13 March 2022 during air combat and was posthumously awarded the title Hero of Ukraine.[31]
In an interview on June 8, addressing the Ghost of Kyiv myth specifically, Ukrainian government advisor Liubov Tsybulska indicated the importance of avoiding the use of disinformation while acknowledging that mistakes may sometimes happen. She emphasized that the Ukrainian government was "capable of having lessons learned" and further expressed the most important thing was that the misinformation was acknowledged and removed.[32]
Representations
After Ukrainian fighter pilot Andrii Pilshchykov died on 25 August 2023, it was revealed that the original photo which purported to show the Ghost of Kyiv, shared by Poroshenko and spread by the media, showed Pilshchykov, who was also one of the original creators of the "Ghost of Kyiv" myth.[33]
Despite the Ghost of Kyiv being an urban legend or instance of war propaganda, the pilot's alleged existence has been credited as a major morale boost for the Ukrainian population by bolstering optimism during the Russian invasion.[10][34][35] The story was widely shared by Ukrainians on social media[12][18] and eventually came to be treated by some as a composite character metaphorically representing the actions of the entire Ukrainian air force.[36][37]
Computer-generated footage of the Ghost of Kyiv winning a dogfight was made using the 2013 video game Digital Combat Simulator and uploaded by a YouTube user. The uploader stated in the description that the footage was not real and was merely a tribute, urging the Ghost of Kyiv, real or fake, to keep fighting. The video was subsequently shared by the official Twitter account of the Ukrainian Armed Forces.[12] The video went viral on social media, although Snopes noted that the circulating video was miscaptioned.[38][39][40] Separately, comedian Sam Hyde's face was photoshopped onto an American pilot who was killed in a 2018 jet crash in Ukraine, as part of a long-running joke to link Hyde to atrocities.[41] Similar to the Ghost of Kyiv, on 26 February 2022, social media reports emerged of a Ukrainian army soldier dubbed the "Ukrainian Reaper", who supposedly killed over twenty Russian soldiers in combat alone.[42]
Task & Purpose argued that while it was highly unlikely there were even six air-to-air takedowns in total, given their rarity in the 21st century and Ukraine's strong missile defense, the Ghost of Kyiv was "real enough" as the spirit of the Ukrainians.[34] Tom Demerly of The Aviationist argued that the Ghost of Kyiv is an "example of bizarre distortions ... amplified by the chaos of war".[43]
^Brown, Larisa; Wright, Oliver (3 March 2022). "Underdog Ukrainian pilots fight high-tech Russian adversaries with skill". The Times. Retrieved 11 March 2022. A Ukrainian military source said that a MiG-29 pilot nicknamed the Ghost of Kyiv, who was claimed to have shot down six Russian planes on the first day of the invasion, was real and was still alive. It was not clear whether he was involved in the dogfight yesterday.
^"Born for the sky: Andrii "Juice" Pilshchykov obituary". Militarnyi. Retrieved 29 August 2023. The commanders approved this idea as trolling the Russians, who said they had destroyed all the aviation on the first day of the war. And Andrii, who had such a caustic trolling style, said: "And here we are on the very planes that they destroyed, which are not there – we are fighting them so much. And who are we? Ghosts!"
Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Januari 2023. Rawa SicaoHanzi: 四草; Pinyin: SìcǎoSuaka Margasatwa Sicao Kota TainanLetakDistrik Annan, Tainan, TaiwanJenis perairanRawaArea permukaan515 km2 (199 sq mi) Rawa Sicao (Hanzi: 四草; Hanyu Pinyin: Sìcǎo; Tongyong Pinyi…
Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Desember 2023. Dr.Elih SudiapermanaM.Pd Kepala Dinas Pendidikan Kota Bandung Informasi pribadiLahir14 November 1961 (umur 62) Ciamis, IndonesiaSunting kotak info • L • B Dr. H. Elih Sudiapermana, M.Pd. (lahir 14 November 1961) adalah Kepala Dinas Pen…
Cette page recense les différentes pièces héraldiques accompagnées d'une représentation visuelle où elles apparaissent de gueules sur champ d'argent. Sommaire : Haut – A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Adextré D'argent adextré de gueules. Adextré est normalement un attribut de position, quand une pièce secondaire est à la dextre d'une pièce principale. Mais ce terme s'emploie aussi pour un écu dont le tiers dextre est d'une couleur différente du champ. Ce…
بامبلونا معلومات شخصية الاسم الكامل إستانيسلاو دي فيغويريدو بامبلونا الميلاد 24 مارس 1904(1904-03-24)بيليم الوفاة 29 أكتوبر 1973 (عن عمر ناهز 69 عاماً)بليم مركز اللعب الوسط المهاجم الجنسية البرازيل المسيرة الاحترافية1 سنوات فريق م. (هـ.) 1922 نادي ريمو ? (?) 1923 فلومينينسي ? (?) 1924–1935 …
العلاقات البرازيلية الكويتية البرازيل الكويت البرازيل الكويت تعديل مصدري - تعديل العلاقات البرازيلية الكويتية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين البرازيل والكويت.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المق…
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Love Kills. Cet article est une ébauche concernant une chanson et le Concours Eurovision de la chanson. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Love Kills Single de Roberto Bellarosaextrait de l'album Ma voie Sortie 15 mars 2013 Enregistré 2012 Durée 3 min 00 Langue Anglais Genre Pop Format Téléchargement Auteur-compositeur Jukka Immonen, Iain Farquharson Réalisat…
Berikut daftar Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah di 17 kabupaten/kota di Sulawesi Tenggara adalah: Kabupaten/Kota Foto Bupati/Wali Kota Bupati/Wali Kota Foto Wakil Bupati/Wali Kota Wakil Bupati/Wali Kota Mulai Menjabat Selesai Menjabat(Direncanakan) Ref KabupatenBombanaDaftar Bupati/Wakil Bupati Edy Suharmanto(Penjabat) 27 November 2023 MenungguPemilihan umum Bupati Bombana 2024 [1] KabupatenButonDaftar Bupati/Wakil Bupati La Ode Mustari (Penjabat) 4 September 2023 MenungguPemilihan …
Royal Italian Army infantry division during World War II 201st Coastal DivisionActive1942 – 1943Country Kingdom of ItalyBranch Royal Italian ArmySizeDivisionGarrison/HQSavonaEngagementsWorld War IIInsigniaIdentificationsymbol 201st Coastal Division gorget patchesMilitary unit The 201st Coastal Division (Italian: 201ª Divisione Costiera) was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II.[1] Royal Italian Army coastal divisions were second line divisions f…
Mr. SaxobeatLagu oleh Alexandra Standari album SaxobeatsDirilis28 Januari 2011FormatCD single, unduhan digitalGenreEurodance, Pop, Nu jazzDurasi3:16 (versi album)2:33 (edit radio Inggris)LabelARS Records, Ego Italy, Ultra Records, Sony Music, 3 Beat, AATW, Central Station RecordsPenciptaAndrei Nemirschi, Marcel ProdanProduserAndrei Nemirschi, Marcel Prodan Mr. Saxobeat adalah sebuah lagu yang direkam oleh penyanyi Rumania, Alexandra Stan untuk album studio debutnya, Saxobeats (2011). Lagu ini di…
Liberi e Uguali LeaderPietro Grasso(2017 - 2019) Stato Italia SedeVia Giuseppe Zanardelli, 34Roma AbbreviazioneLeU Fondazione3 dicembre 2017 (Come lista elettorale)9 aprile 2018 (Come gruppo parlamentare) Dissoluzione15 novembre 2018 (Come lista elettorale)12 ottobre 2022 (Come gruppo parlamentare) Confluito in Alleanza Verdi e Sinistra (Sinistra Italiana, Possibile, Verdi del Sudtirolo/Alto Adige) Partito Democratico (Articolo Uno, èViva) IdeologiaSocialdemocrazia[1]Soci…
Pierre François Marie Le Jolis de Villiers de Saintignon (lahir 26 Juli 1956) dit Pierre de Villiers adalah Jenderal Angkatan Darat Angkatan Darat Prancis dan mantan Kepala Staf Pertahanan.[1] Menyusul perselisihan dengan Presiden Emmanuel Macron, yang merupakan Panglima Angkatan Bersenjata ex-officio, ia mengajukan pengunduran dirinya pada 19 Juli 2017.[2] Pierre de VilliersPierre de Villiers Tahun 2015 Kepala Staf PertahananMasa jabatan15 Februari 2014 – 19 Ju…
VienneLa Vienne a LimogesStato Francia Regioni Nuova Aquitania Dipartimenti Alta Vienne, Vienne Creuse Corrèze Charente Indre e Loira Lunghezza363 km[1] Portata media210 m³/s Bacino idrografico21 105 km²[1] Altitudine sorgente859 m s.l.m. Nascemonte Audouze, comune di Millevaches 45°39′28.8″N 2°06′41.76″E / 45.658°N 2.1116°E45.658; 2.1116 SfociaLoira, presso Candes-Saint-Martin 47°12′34.92″N 0°04′28.92″E / 47…
1912 Tasmanian state election ← 1909 30 April 1912 1913 → All 30 seats to the House of Assembly First party Second party Leader Elliott Lewis John Earle Party Liberal Labor Leader since 1909 1906 Leader's seat Denison Franklin Last election 18 seats 12 seats Seats won 16 seats 14 seats Seat change 2 2 Percentage 54.48% 45.54% Swing 3.87 6.58 Results of the election Premier before election Elliott Lewis Liberal Elected Premier Elliott L…
سلطة الطاقة والموارد الطبيعية الفلسطينية سلطة الطاقة والموارد الطبيعية (فلسطين) مقر سلطة الطاقة والموارد الطبيعية برام الله تفاصيل الوكالة الحكومية البلد دولة فلسطين تأسست 1995 المركز رام الله31°55′05″N 35°12′20″E / 31.9181862°N 35.2055125°E / 31.9181862; 35.2055125 الإدار…
Genus of chaoyangopterid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous ChaoyangopterusTemporal range: Early Cretaceous, 120 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ Comparison of azhdarchoid mandibles, notice Chaoyangopterus (L) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Order: †Pterosauria Suborder: †Pterodactyloidea Family: †Chaoyangopteridae Subfamily: †Chaoyangopterinae Genus: †ChaoyangopterusWang & Zhou, 2003 Species: †C. zhangi Bino…
Politics of the Dominican Republic Constitution Constitutional Court Law Legislature Congress of the Dominican Republic Chamber of Deputies President of the Chamber Radhamés Camacho Senate President of the Senate Reinaldo Pared Pérez Executive President of the Dominican Republic (list) Luis Abinader (PRM) Vice President of the Dominican Republic Raquel Peña (PRM) Cabinet Judiciary Supreme Court of the Dominican Republic National Council of the Magistracy Council of the Judiciary Branch Nation…
Athens stream For other uses, see Eridanos (river of Hades). Eridanos in March 2008 Greek tortoise The Eridanos /əˈrɪdəˌnɒs/ or Eridanus (/əˈrɪdənəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἠριδανός) was a river in Athens mentioned in Greek mythology and historiography. Mythical stream Eridanus was the 'deep-swirling' river-god son of the Titans Oceanus and his sister-wife Tethys.[1] He was the father of Zeuxippe, mother of the Argonauts Butes and Eribotes by Teleon.[2] Eridanus may …
One of the Aleutian Islands Agattu in 2018 Map of the western Aleutian islands, Agattu is marked 2. Nautical Chart of Agattu IslandAgattu Island, refuge cabin, Aleutians 1988. Courtesy: USFWS Agattu (Aleut: Angatux̂;[1] Russian: Агатту) is an island in Alaska, part of the Near Islands in the western end of the Aleutian Islands. With a land area of 85.558 square miles (221.59 km2) Agattu is one of the largest uninhabited islands in the Aleutians. It is the second largest of th…
.jpg)
