Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Gulfstream IV

"Gulfstream G400" redirects here. Not to be confused with Gulfstream G400/G500/G600.
Gulfstream IV
The Gulfstream IV is a low-wing aircraft with twin aft-mounted turbofans and a T-tail, here in service of the United States Department of Commerce
Role Business jet
Manufacturer Gulfstream Aerospace
First flight September 19, 1985
Status Active service
Primary users United States Air Force
United States Army
United States Navy
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Produced 1985–2018
Number built 900+ [1]
Developed from Gulfstream III
Developed into Gulfstream V

The Gulfstream IV (or G-IV or GIV) and derivatives are a family of twinjet aircraft, mainly for private or business use. They were designed and built by Gulfstream Aerospace, a General Dynamics company based in Savannah, Georgia, United States, from 1985 until 2018. Aircraft power is provided by two Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay turbofans.

Upon delivery of the last G450, over 900 GIV/GIV-SP/G450 units had been produced. The last of the G450’s was delivered on 19 January 2018 after 365 deliveries over 12 years, ending a 30-year production run, to be replaced by the G500.[1]

Development

executive cabin

Gulfstream, in collaboration with Grumman, began work on the Gulfstream IV in March 1983 as a re-engined, stretched fuselage derivative of the Gulfstream III. The first GIV made its maiden flight on September 19, 1985.[2] The model received type certification from the FAA on April 22, 1987.[3] The G-IV entered into service with serial number 1000 in 1987 and was upgraded to the special purpose GIV-SP version at serial number 1214 in 1993. It was later redesignated G400 at serial number 1500.[4] A shorter range variant was created based on the GIV and given the G300 designation in 2002.[2]

In 2001, Gulfstream began work on an improved version of the GIV-SP, originally designated GIV-X. It was later renamed G450. The G450 is lengthened 1 ft (0.305 m) over the G400 and shares the forward fuselage and larger cockpit of the G550. Following its first flight on 30 April 2003, production of the G450 began in October 2004, replacing the G400. The G450 has better performance and comes with the PlaneView cockpit with four 14-inch (355 mm) liquid crystal displays and a Head up display (HUD). The shorter range G350 version of the G450 was developed and received certification in 2004.[5][6]

By 2018, 1990 to 1992 GIVs were for sale at $1.6-4.4 million, 1992 to 1999 GIVSPs were listed for $1.25-5.2 million, 15-year-old G300s and G400s were available for $4.5-7 million and 2006 to 2016 G450s at $9.95-23.75 million.[7]

Design

G450 updated flight deck

Compared to the Gulfstream III, a decision to redesign the wing structure for weight reduction presented an opportunity for an aerodynamic redesign of the wing to reduce cruise drag and increase range. Wing contour modifications had to be restricted to the forward 65% of wing chord so that no redesign of the control surfaces would be necessary. Modification of the inboard wing would have entailed a redesign of the fuselage floor structure, consequently this region of the wing was not modified. Outboard wing modifications were aimed at reducing the peak subcritical pressure coefficient and moving it aft in an effort to reduce shock strength and increase shock sweep.[8]

At 12,420 lbs, the Rolls-Royce Tay fanjet engines provided more thrust than the 11,400 lbs of the Gulfstream III. Speed, noise levels, emissions, fuel economy, range, and cargo capacity were also markedly improved over the earlier model.[9]

The Gulfstream IV wing has a weaker, more swept outboard shock resulting in a lower cruise drag. Other benefits arising from this design are a lower root bending moment due to the more inboard center of pressure, a lower stall speed due to washout and a larger fuel volume due to increased chord. These aerodynamic improvements result in an increase in range of over 300 nautical miles.[10] In addition to the wing redesign, the Gulfstream IV also became the first business jet to have an entire glass cockpit.[11]

The G400 has a large cabin, long range of 4,350 nautical miles (8,060 km) and the same comfort and design that characterize the G series. Maximum cruise height and speed are 45,000 ft and Mach 0.85. Earlier models were fitted with Honeywell's SPZ 8000 Avionics package. The SPZ 8400 Avionics Package was an option, becoming standard on later models. Its second-hand price was below $15 million (~$20.7 million in 2023) in 2009.[4] Gulfstream had also considered making a 5.5 m (18 ft) longer, 24-27 seat model for airline use.[9]

Operational history

NOAA's GIV and WP-3

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) operates a GIV-SP (N49RF) modified to fly scientists and crew members at 45,000 feet around tropical cyclones. The aircraft was modified to drop instruments called "dropsondes" to measure windspeed, barometric pressure, humidity, and temperature as they fall to the surface of the ocean. By sampling the cyclone with these dropsondes over a 4,000 mile track around the storm, the forecasters at NOAA's National Hurricane Center and Hurricane Research Division can better predict where the hurricane will be "steered" by the upper level winds. They also predict wind shear that will either increase or decrease a hurricane's strength. The GIV-SP is suited for this mission since it is fast, and can fly long distances with ample cabin space for the crew and instruments.[12] In 2009, the NOAA GIV-SP was further modified by the addition of a side-scanning Doppler radar to the rear fuselage. This radar is used for storm cloud profiling.[13]

In June 1987 a Gulfstream IV set 22 world records in its class in flying west around the world in 45 hr 25 min. The next year another GIV set 11 world records flying east around the world.[14] In 1990, Gulfstream CEO Allen Paulson and a Gulfstream flight crew set 35 international records for around-the-world flight in a GIV.[15]

Variants

C-20F/G/H/J military variants

U.S. Army C-20F

The U.S. military variant of the IV, designated C-20F/G/H/J Gulfstream IV in Department of Defense service.[16] The C-20F is a GIV model operated by the U.S. Army in a command/executive transport role.

The C-20G aircraft[17] may be configured for cargo operations, 26 passenger operations or combinations of the two. With passengers seats removed, it may be configured as three pallets with no passengers or two pallets and eight passengers or one pallet and fourteen passengers. With full seating, the aircraft is capable of accommodating up to twenty-six passengers and a crew of four. A hydraulically operated cargo door is installed on the starboard side of the aircraft, and a ball roller cargo floor is capable of accommodating palletized cargo. The C-20G was operated by Fleet Logistics Support Squadron Four Eight (VR-48) at Naval Air Facility, Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland before its 2012 deactivation. It is operated by VMR Detachment Kaneohe Bay, Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay, Marine Corps Base Hawaii.[18] The C-20G is also known as the "Grey Ghost"[19]

The C-20H is a GIV-SP model operated by the U.S. Air Force in a command/executive transport role. The C-20J is a GIV-SP model operated by the U.S. Army in a command/executive transport role.

The United States Department of Defense C-20A/B/C/D/E aircraft are all Gulfstream III variants.

G350/G450

The G450 (GIV-X) is 12 in (30 cm) longer and the main door is moved aft, it has updated engines, flight deck and systems.

The G450 is a designation for the model GIV-X, approved by the FAA on August 12, 2004, as is the G350, which has a reduced fuel capacity. Compared to the Gulfstream IV, its fuselage is 12 inches longer and the main entry door relocated aft. The Rolls-Royce Tay 611 engines are replaced by 611-8Cs with FADEC, redesigned thrust reversers, nacelles and pylons which increases range and payload, coupled with aerodynamic improvements. Many Gulfstream V-SP improvements are used: the Honeywell advanced flight deck display suite, electrical power generation, cabin temperature control and pressurization, nose and nose landing gear. It also has an improved APU and flap/stab actuation system, redesigned main landing gear wheels and brakes, flight control system hard-over protection system.[3]

By the end of the G450 production run, 365 aircraft were produced, with prices ranging from $15 million to $32 million.[20]

Operators

Civil operators

Gulfstream IV Air Ambulance

The aircraft is operated by private individuals, companies and executive charter operators, and in fractional ownership programs.

Government and military operators

A Gulfstream IV of the Royal Netherlands Air Force
Japan Air Self-Defense Force U-4

 Brunei

 Chile
 Ivory Coast
 Japan
 Malaysia
 Netherlands
 Pakistan
 Saudi Arabia
 Sweden
 Tanzania
 United States

Former military operators

 Ireland
 Uganda
  • The Government of Uganda purchased one G-IV SP in December 2000 at a cost of US$31.5 million for Presidential flights. It was replaced in February 2009 by a G550.[28]

Specifications

3-view line drawing of the Gulfstream IV-SP
3-view line drawing of the Gulfstream IV-SP
Passenger Layout
Model GIV[29] GIV-SP[29] G350[30] G450[31]
Cockpit crew Two
Capacity 19
Length 88 ft 4 in (26.92 m) 89 ft 4 in (27.23 m)
Wingspan 77 ft 10 in (23.72 m)
Wing area 950.39 sq ft (88.3 m2)
Overall height 24 ft 5 in (7.45 m) 25 ft 2 in (7.67 m)
MTOW 73,200 lb (33,203 kg) 74,600 lb (33,838 kg) 70,900 lb (32,160 kg) 74,600 lb (33,838 kg)
Empty weight 35,500 lb (16,103 kg) 42,700 lb (19,368 kg) 43,000 lb (19,504 kg)
Cruising speed Mach 0.80 – Mach 0.85 (459–488 kn; 850–903 km/h; 528–561 mph)
Maximum speed Mach 0.88 (505 kn; 935 km/h; 581 mph)
Range 4,220 nmi (7,815 km; 4,856 mi) 3,800 nmi (7,038 km; 4,373 mi) 4,350 nmi (8,056 km; 5,006 mi)
Service ceiling 45,000 ft (13,716 m)
Engines (×2) Rolls-Royce Tay 611-8 Rolls-Royce Tay 611-8C
Thrust 13,850 lbf (61.6 kN)

See also

Related development

Related lists

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b Sarsfield, Kate (2018-01-23). "Gulfstream launches G500 global demo tour". Flightglobal.
  2. ^ a b Frawley, Gerald. "Gulfstream IV, G300 & G400". The International Directory of Civil Aircraft, 2003/2004. Fishwick, Act: Aerospace Publications, 2003. ISBN 1-875671-58-7.
  3. ^ a b "Type Certificate date Sheet NO. A12EA, revision 46" (PDF). FAA. February 22, 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Gulfstream IV". Business and Commercial Aviation. Aviation Week. January 2009.
  5. ^ Gerzanics, Michael (22 November 2004). "Flight Test: Gulstream [sic] G450 – Heir Apparent". Flight Global. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  6. ^ Velocci, Tony (22 October 2016). "G450 Production Coming To An End". Forbes. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  7. ^ Huber, Mark (December 2018). "For many models, market hitting the apex" (PDF). Aviation International News. pp. 20–21, 24.
  8. ^ Chandrasekharan, R.M., Murphy, W.R., Taverna, F.P. and Boppe, C.W., "Computational Aerodynamic of the Gulfstream IV Wing", AIAA paper 85-0427, presented at the AIAA 23rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno Nevada, January 1985.
  9. ^ a b Smith, David C. (March 1986). "Everybody takes a number". Ward's Auto World. 22 (3). Ward's Communications: 36.
  10. ^ Boppe, Charles W., "Computational Aerodynamic Design: X-29, the Gulfstream Series and a Tactical Fighter", SAE paper 851789, 1985 Wright Brothers Award Paper, presented at the Aerospace Technology Conference & Exposition, Long Beach California, October 1985.
  11. ^ Thomas, Joel (19 May 2014). "History of the Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation". stratos jet charters.
  12. ^ "Gulfstream IV-SP (G-IV) Archived 2007-02-18 at the Wayback Machine." National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration web site.
  13. ^ Picture of the Gulfstream Aerospace G-IV Gulfstream IV-SP aircraft Retrieved 1 November 2011.
  14. ^ "Gulfstream Aerospace G-IV". airliners.net
  15. ^ Lacy, Clay. "Clay Lacy on Allen Paulson". Clay Lacy. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
  16. ^ DoD 4120-15L, Model Designation of Military Aerospace Vehicles. US DoD, 12 May 2004.
  17. ^ "Aviation Photo #0606801: Gulfstream Aerospace C-20G Gulfstream IV (G-IV) - USA - Navy". Airliners.net.
  18. ^ Wings of Gold, Vol. 36, No. 3, Fall 2011, Association of Naval Aviation, Alexandria, VA, pp.18-21
  19. ^ The Grey Ghost Archived 2011-07-04 at the Wayback Machine Hawaii Reporter: Dispatches from the War on Terrorism, September 24, 2004
  20. ^ George, Fred (November 24, 2014). "An Operational Look at: Gulfstream's G450". Business & Commercial Aviation.
  21. ^ a b "jeteditor.com". ww38.jeteditor.com.
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h "World Air Forces 2022". Flightglobal Insight. 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  23. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 225
  24. ^ "Gulfstream IV" (in Dutch). Netherlands Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  25. ^ "Aviation Photo #6744749: Gulfstream Aerospace G-IV Gulfstream IV-SP - Pakistan - Air Force".
  26. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 232
  27. ^ "Government jet sold for €462k". March 30, 2015 – via www.rte.ie. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  28. ^ "Museveni's Shs88 Billion Jet Arrives". The Observer (Uganda). February 2009. Archived from the original on 18 June 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
  29. ^ a b Frawley, Gerard. "Gulfstream Aerospace G-IV Gulfstream IV". The International Directory of Civil Aircraft. Technical Data & Specifications.
  30. ^ "G350 Specifications". Gulfstream. 2010.
  31. ^ "G450 Specifications" (PDF). Gulfstream. September 2015.

Bibliography

  • Cooper, Tom; Weinert, Peter; Hinz, Fabian; Lepko, Mark (2011). African MiGs, Volume 2: Madagascar to Zimbabwe. Houston: Harpia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9825539-8-5.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Gulfstream IV (category)
Read more information:

Rongbuk Glacier

Glacier in Tibet, China RongbukEast Rongbuk GlacierTypeValley glacierLocationTibetCoordinates28°6′7″N 86°51′55″E / 28.10194°N 86.86528°E / 28.10194; 86.86528 The Rongbuk Glacier (simplified Chinese: 绒布冰川; traditional Chinese: 絨布冰川; pinyin: Róngbù Bīngchuān) is located in the Himalaya of southern Tibet. Two large tributary glaciers, the East Rongbuk Glacier and the West Rongbuk Glacier, flow into the main Rongbuk Glacier. It flow…

MV Ocean Star Pacific

Cruise ship Nordic Prince as Carousel, 2004 History Name Nordic Prince (1971-1995) Carousel (1995-2005) Aquamarine (2005-2006) Arielle (2006-2008) Aquamarine (2008-2010) Ocean Star Pacific (2010-2014) Pacific (2014-2015) OwnerPV Enterprises International Port of registry 1971–1995: Oslo,  Norway 1995–2004: Nassau,  Bahamas 2004–2006: Limassol,  Cyprus 2006–2008: Nassau,  Bahamas 2008–2010: Piraeus,  Greece 2010–2014: Panama City,  Panama 2014–2015: Bas…

Vernonia galamensis

Vernonia galamensis Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Plantae (tanpa takson): Angiospermae (tanpa takson): Eudicots Ordo: Asterales Famili: Asteraceae Genus: Vernonia Spesies: Vernonia galamensis Nama binomial Vernonia galamensis(Cass.) Less. Vernonia galamensis adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Asteraceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Asterales. Spesies Vernonia galamensis sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus Vernonia.[1] Nama ilmiah dari spesies ini pertam…

Black Rose (Turkish TV series)

Television series Black RoseKaragülGenreDrama RomanceWritten bySema Ergenekon Eylem Canpolat (1) Pınar Uysal Funda Çetin (2-12) Erkan Birgören Betül Yağsağan Beril Köse (13-)Directed byMurat ЙгSaraçoğluGünay GünaydınStarringEce UsluSaruhan HünelŞerif SezerMesut AkustaHilal AltınbilekMert YazıcıoğluAyça Ayşin Turanİlayda ÇevikOgün KaptanoğluHülya DuyarÖzlem ConkerSebahat KumaşSevda ErginciCan AtakArda ErkuranEbru Ojen ŞahinEser KarabilBurak ÇelikTuran Selçuk Yerli…

Commentarii de Bello Gallico

Commentarii de Bello Gallico (Commentaries on the Gallic War) Halaman pertama De bello Gallico dalam manuskrip tahun 1469PengarangJulius Caesar, Aulus Hirtius (VIII)BahasaLatin KlasikSubjekSejarah, etnografi, sejarah militerPenerbitJulius CaesarTanggal terbit58–49 SMDiikuti olehCommentarii de Bello Civili  Commentarii de Bello Gallico (Indonesia: Komentar mengenai Perang Galiacode: id is deprecated ) atau Bellum Gallicum (Indonesia: Perang Galiacode: id is deprecated ) adalah pe…

Luís Müller

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada April 2017. Luís MüllerInformasi pribadiTanggal lahir 14 Februari 1961 (umur 63)Tempat lahir BrasilPosisi bermain GelandangKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)1992-1993 Gamba Osaka * Penampilan dan gol di klub senior hanya dihitung dari liga domestik Luís Müll…

Edgar Sengier

Edgar SengierLahirEdgar Edouard Bernard Sengier(1879-10-09)9 Oktober 1879Kortrijk, West Flanders, BelgiaMeninggal26 Juli 1963(1963-07-26) (umur 83)Cannes, Alpes-Maritimes, PrancisKebangsaanBelgiaAlmamaterUniversitas LeuvenPekerjaanTeknik pertambangan, direkturTempat kerjaUnion Minière du Haut KatangaDikenal atasPemasokan uranium untuk Proyek ManhattanPenghargaan Commander of the Order of the Belgian Crown (1945) Grand Officer of the Royal Order of the Lion (1945) E…

Daftar sistem poin NASCAR

Jeff Gordon saat menjadi juara NASCAR Seri Piala musim 1995. Ini adalah daftar sistem skor poin yang digunakan untuk menentukan hasil Kejuaraan NASCAR sejak 1949. Gelar kejuaraan diberikan setiap tahun kepada pembalap yang mengumpulkan poin kejuaraan terbanyak selama musim berjalan. Ditentukan oleh uang Poin berdasarkan jumlah hadiah uang yang dibayarkan. 1954–1962: Semua peserta diberikan poin persistem lama dengan poin tambahan diberikan untuk setiap jadwal terpisah. 1963–1965: Acara yang …

Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik Vol. 2

Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik Vol. 2Album kompilasi karya beragam artisDirilis20 oktober 2005GenrePop Religi, Dangdut ReligiLabelSony BMG IndonesiaKronologi Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik (2004)Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik2004 Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik Vol. 2 (2005) Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik Vol. 3 (2007)Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik Vol. 32007 Dua Belas Lagu Islami Terbaik Vol. 2 adalah album kompilasi rohani Islam kedua yang dirilis pada tahun 2005. Da…

Édouard Branly

Potret Eduard Branly Édouard Eugène Désiré Branly (23 Oktober 1844 – 24 Maret 1940) merupakan seorang penemu Prancis, fisikawan dan profesor di Institut Katolik Paris. Dia terutama dikenal karena keterlibatan awalnya dalam telegraf nirkabel dan penemuan koherer Branly sekitar 1890. Dia lahir pada 23 Oktober 1844. Édouard Branly meninggal pada 1940. Upacara pemakamannya dilangsungkan di Katedral Notre Dame, Paris dan dihadiri oleh Presiden Prancis, Albert Lebrun.[1] Dia dikebumikan…

Hellnahellir

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Oktober 2022. Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber:…

Agrisius dari Trier

Santo AgrisiusLahirskt. 260Meninggal329 atau 333 atau 335Dihormati diGereja Katolik Roma Gereja OrtodoksPesta19/13 JanuariPelindungKeuskupan Trier Agrisius, atau Agritius (skt. 260 – skt. 329, 333 atau 335) merupakan seorang santo dan uskup Trier pertama yang didokumentasikan secara historis. Catatan  Artikel ini memuat teks dari suatu penerbitan yang sekarang berada dalam ranah publik: Grey, Francis William (1907). St. Agricius. Dalam Herbermann, Charles. Catholic Encyclopedia. 1. N…

Carly Schroeder

Artikel ini sebagian besar atau seluruhnya berasal dari satu sumber. Tolong bantu untuk memperbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan rujukan ke sumber lain yang tepercaya. Carly SchroederCarly Schroeder in May 2009LahirCarly Brook Schroeder18 Oktober 1990 (umur 33)Valparaiso, Indiana, U.S.PekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif1995–sekarangTanda tangan Carly Brook Schroeder (lahir 18 Oktober 1990) adalah aktris asal Amerika Serikat. Penghargaan Special Distinction Award at Independent Spirit Awards…

2012 Marina Bay GP2 Series round

   2012 Marina Bay GP2 roundRound details Round 12 of 12 rounds in the 2012 GP2 Series Layout of the Marina Bay street circuitLocation Marina Bay Street Circuit, Marina Bay, SingaporeCourse Street circuit 5.073 km (3.152 mi)GP2 SeriesFeature raceDate 22 September 2012Laps 28Pole positionDriver Luca Filippi Scuderia ColoniTime 1:59.444PodiumFirst Max Chilton CarlinSecond Esteban Gutiérrez Lotus GPThird Fabio Leimer Racing EngineeringFastest lapDriver Esteban Gutiérrez Lotus GPTime 2:0…

Observatorium Griffith

Observatorium Griffith Observatorium Griffith adalah fasilitas di Los Angeles, California duduk di lereng menghadap selatan Gunung Hollywood Los Angeles' Griffith Park. Pemandangannya adalah Basin Los Angeles, termasuk Downtown Los Angeles ke tenggara, Hollywood ke selatan, dan Samudra Pasifik di barat daya. Observatorium ini merupakan daya tarik wisata yang populer dengan array yang luas ruang angkasa dan ilmu yang berhubungan display. Referensi Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Griffit…

The Nut (Tasmania)

The NutHighest pointElevation143 m (469 ft)[1]Prominence142 m (466 ft)[2]Isolation0.63 km (0.39 mi)[2]Coordinates40°45′49″S 145°18′11″E / 40.7637°S 145.3031°E / -40.7637; 145.3031GeographyLocationNorth West Tasmania, Australia The Nut is a volcanic plug near the town of Stanley, Tasmania.[3][4][5] It is made of fragments of basaltic volcanic rock from a volcano that was active a…

Abu Bakar al-Baghdadi

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi أبو بكر البغداديإبراهيم عواد إبراهيم علي محمد البدري السامرائيAl-Baghdadi di kamp Bucca Irak 2004. Khalifah Negara Islam Irak dan Syam ke-1[1]Masa jabatan7 April 2013 – 31 Oktober 2019 PenggantiAbu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-QurashiAmir Negara Islam IrakMasa jabatan18 April 2010 – 7 April 2013 PendahuluAbu Omar al-BaghdadiPenggantidirinya sendiri (sebagai Khalifah) Informasi pribadiLahirIbrahim Aw…

2014 Shreveport mayoral election

Election in Shreveport, Louisiana 2014 Shreveport mayoral election ← 2010 November 4, 2014 (first round)December 6, 2014 (runoff) 2018 →   Candidate Ollie Tyler Victoria Provenza Patrick C. Williams Party Democratic Independent Democratic First round 26,06343.7% 15,21825.52% 12,90112.63% Runoff 34,26163.3% 19,86036.7% Eliminated Mayor before election Cedric Glover Democratic Elected Mayor Ollie Tyler Democratic Elections in Louisiana Federal government Presidential ele…

Grand Prix Sepeda Motor Austria

Grand Prix AustriaGrand Prix Sepeda MotorTempatRed Bull Ring (1996-1997, 2016-)Salzburgring (1971-1979, 1981-1991, 1993-1994)Lomba pertama1971Terbanyak menang(pengendara)Giacomo Agostini, Ángel Nieto (6)Terbanyak menang(pabrikan)Honda (24) Grand Prix Sepeda Motor Austria adalah acara balap motor yang pernah menjadi musim Grand Prix Sepeda Motor dari musim 1971 sampai 1997, dan kemudian di gunakan kembali pada musim 2016 sampai sekarang. Pemenang Grand Prix Sepeda Motor Austria Pemenang terbanya…

List of Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign endorsements

Sanders for PresidentCampaign2020 United States presidential election (Democratic Party primaries)CandidateBernie SandersU.S. Senator from Vermont(2007–present)U.S. Representative from Vermont's at-large congressional district (1991–2007)Mayor of Burlington (1981–1989)AffiliationDemocratic PartyStatusInactiveAnnouncedFebruary 19, 2019SuspendedApril 8, 2020[1]HeadquartersBurlington, Vermont[2] Washington, D.C.[3]SloganNot me. Us.Feel the BernWebsiteberniesanders.com …

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya