High tech

High technology (high tech), also known as advanced technology (advanced tech) or exotechnology,^[1]^{[failed verification]} is technology that is at the cutting edge: the highest form of technology available.^[2] It can be defined as either the most complex or the newest technology on the market.^[3] The opposite of high tech is low technology, referring to simple, often traditional or mechanical technology; for example, a slide rule is a low-tech calculating device.^[4]^[5]^[6] When high tech becomes old, it becomes low tech, for example vacuum tube electronics. Further, high tech is related to the concept of mid-tech, that is a balance between the two opposite extreme qualities of low-tech and high-tech. Mid-tech could be understood as an inclusive middle that combines the efficiency and versatility of digital/automated technology with low-tech's potential for autonomy and resilience.^[7]

Startups working on high technologies (or developing new high technologies) are sometimes referred to as deep tech; the term may also refer to disruptive innovations or those based on scientific discoveries.^[8]

High-tech, as opposed to high-touch, may refer to self-service experiences that do not require human interaction.^[9]

History

The phrase was used in a 1958 The New York Times story advocating "atomic energy" for Europe: "... Western Europe, with its dense population and its high technology ...."^[10] Robert Metz used the term in a financial column in 1969, saying Arthur H. Collins of Collins Radio "controls a score of high technology patents in a variety of fields"^[11] and in a 1971 article used the abbreviated form, "high tech".^[12]

A widely used classification of high-technological manufacturing industries was provided by the OECD in 2006.^[13] It is based on the intensity of research and development activities used in these industries within OECD countries, resulting in four distinct categories.^[14]

List of countries by high tech exports

The following is a list of the 15 largest exporting countries of high tech products by value in millions of United States dollars, according to the United Nations.^[15]

#	Country	Value	Year
1	China	769,699.28	2022
2	Germany	223,370.84	2022
3	Hong Kong	194,079.88	2022
4	United States	166,435.57	2022
5	Vietnam	122,993.36	2022
6	South Korea	98,537.96	2022
7	France	95,753.98	2022
8	Singapore	94,102.98	2022
9	Netherlands	92,149.42	2022
10	Mexico	85,898.58	2022
11	Japan	83,102.74	2022
12	Ireland	80,006.33	2022
13	Switzerland	77,973.73	2022
14	United Kingdom	72,663.09	2022
15	Malaysia	66,214.45	2022

References

^ Advanced technology definition
^ Cortright, Joseph; Mayer, Heike (January 2001). High Tech Specialization: A Comparison of High Technology Centers (PDF). Brookings Institution, Center on Urban & Metropolitan Policy.
^ Steenhuis, H.; Bruijn, E. J. De (July 2006). "High technology revisited: Definition and position". 2006 IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology (PDF). Vol. 2. pp. 1080–1084. doi:10.1109/ICMIT.2006.262389. ISBN 1-4244-0147-X. S2CID 32767300.
^ "Know How To Use a Slide Rule? - Slashdot". science.slashdot.org. 28 September 2007. Retrieved 2019-11-04.
^ "Slide Rules Were the Original Personal Computers". 5 November 2015.
^ Slide Rules & Calculators https://www.tnmoc.org/slide-rules-calculators
^ Kostakis, Vasilis; Pazaitis, Alex; Liarokapis, Minas (2023-06-20). "Beyond high-tech versus low-tech: A tentative framework for sustainable urban data governance". BigData&Society. 10 (1). doi:10.1177/20539517231180583. ISSN 2053-9517.
^ "What is Deep Tech and which startups are marking the road (not Uber)". Startup Business (in Italian). 2018-04-20. Retrieved 2020-10-13.
^ Williams, Howard (6 June 2019). "Do Customers Want High Tech or High Touch?". Home Business Magazine. Retrieved 2020-03-22.
^ "Atomic Power for Europe", The New York Times, February 4, 1958, p. 17.
^ Metz, Robert (1969). "Market Place: Collins Versus The Middle Man", The New York Times, April 24, 1969, p. 64.
^ Metz, Robert (1971). "Market Place: So What Made E.D.S. Plunge?", The New York Times, November 11, 1971, p. 72.
^ Hatzichronoglou, Thomas: "Revision of the High-Technology Sector and Product Classification", OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, No. 1997/02, OECD Publishing, Paris.
^ High Tech Trademarks by John Mendenhall, Art Direction Book Co; First Edition (January 1, 1985) ISBN 0881080241
^ High-technology exports (current US$). "United Nations, Comtrade database through the WITS platform".

[1] Advanced technology definition

[2] Cortright, Joseph; Mayer, Heike (January 2001). High Tech Specialization: A Comparison of High Technology Centers (PDF). Brookings Institution, Center on Urban & Metropolitan Policy.

[3] Steenhuis, H.; Bruijn, E. J. De (July 2006). "High technology revisited: Definition and position". 2006 IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology (PDF). Vol. 2. pp. 1080–1084. doi:10.1109/ICMIT.2006.262389. ISBN 1-4244-0147-X. S2CID 32767300.

[4] "Know How To Use a Slide Rule? - Slashdot". science.slashdot.org. 28 September 2007. Retrieved 2019-11-04.

[5] "Slide Rules Were the Original Personal Computers". 5 November 2015.

[6] Slide Rules & Calculators https://www.tnmoc.org/slide-rules-calculators

[7] Kostakis, Vasilis; Pazaitis, Alex; Liarokapis, Minas (2023-06-20). "Beyond high-tech versus low-tech: A tentative framework for sustainable urban data governance". BigData&Society. 10 (1). doi:10.1177/20539517231180583. ISSN 2053-9517.

[8] "What is Deep Tech and which startups are marking the road (not Uber)". Startup Business (in Italian). 2018-04-20. Retrieved 2020-10-13.

[9] Williams, Howard (6 June 2019). "Do Customers Want High Tech or High Touch?". Home Business Magazine. Retrieved 2020-03-22.

[10] "Atomic Power for Europe", The New York Times, February 4, 1958, p. 17.

[11] Metz, Robert (1969). "Market Place: Collins Versus The Middle Man", The New York Times, April 24, 1969, p. 64.

[12] Metz, Robert (1971). "Market Place: So What Made E.D.S. Plunge?", The New York Times, November 11, 1971, p. 72.

[13] Hatzichronoglou, Thomas: "Revision of the High-Technology Sector and Product Classification", OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, No. 1997/02, OECD Publishing, Paris.

[14] High Tech Trademarks by John Mendenhall, Art Direction Book Co; First Edition (January 1, 1985) ISBN 0881080241

[15] High-technology exports (current US$). "United Nations, Comtrade database through the WITS platform".

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High tech

History

List of countries by high tech exports

See also

References

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