House of Drăculești

Drăculești
Drăculești
Princely noble family
Parent family	House of Basarab
Country	Wallachia
Etymology	Dracul ("Dragon")
Founded	1390
Founder	Vlad the Dragon
Final ruler	Alexandru Coconul or Trașcă Drăculescu
Titles	Voivode of Wallachia,; Voivode of Moldavia
Distinctions	Order of the Dragon
Traditions	Romanian Eastern Orthodoxy
Dissolution	As early as 1632, as late as the 18th century
Cadet branches	Movilești

The House of Drăculești (Romanian: [d r ə k u ˈ l e ʃ t ʲ ]) were one of two major rival lines of Wallachian voivodes of the House of Basarab, the other being the House of Dănești.^[1] These lines were in constant contest for the throne from the late fourteenth to the early sixteenth centuries. Descendants of the line of Drăculești would eventually come to dominate the principality, until its common rule with Transylvania and Moldavia by Mihai Viteazul in 1600.

Etymology

The line of the Drăculești began with Vlad II Dracul ("the Dragon"), son of one of the most important rulers of the Basarab dynasty, Mircea the Elder. The name Drăculești is the patronymic of Dracul, which according to most historians is derived from the 1431 membership of Vlad II in the Order of the Dragon (Societas draconistarum) that had been founded in 1408 AD by Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund.^[2]^[3]^[4] Another proposal holds that Vlad II earned the nickname "Dracul" (at the time also meaning "Devil") by Romanians, who associated the dragon imagery on the Order's insignia with a demon.^[5] The Order's purpose was to defend the Hungarian royal house, where Sigismund ruled, as well as the Catholic Church.^[6] It created a strong solidarity among central and southeastern Europe's Christians, in their fight against Ottoman and Tartar (from the Golden Horde and Crimean Khanate) Muslims.^[7] Vlad II's son became known as Vlad Dracula (Drăculea) which meant "son of the Dragon", i.e. of Dracul.^[8]

Members of the Drăculești line

Members of the Drăculești line who held the throne of Wallachia include the following:

Ruler	Remark
Vlad II, the Dragon	1436–1442, 1443–1447; son of Mircea the Elder
Mircea II	1442; son of Vlad II
Vlad III, Drăculea	1448, 1456–1462, 1476; son of Vlad II
Radu III, the Handsome	1462–1473, 1474; son of Vlad II
Vlad IV, the Monk	1481, 1482–1495; son of Vlad II
Radu IV, the Great	1495–1508; son of Vlad the Monk
Mihnea the Wrongdoer	1508–1509; son of Vlad III
Mircea III, the Dragon	1510; son of Mihnea the Wrongdoer
Vlad V, the Younger	1510–1512; son of Vlad the Monk
Vlad VI (Dragomir the Monk)	1521; son of Vlad the Younger
Radu from Afumați	1522–1523, 1524, 1524–1525, 1525–1529; son of Radu the Great
Radu VI Bădica	1523–1524; son of Radu the Great
Vlad VII, the Drowned	1530–1532; son of Vlad the Younger
Vlad VIII Vintilă from Slatina	1532–1534, 1534–1535; son of Radu the Great
Radu VII Paisie	1534, 1535–1545; son of Radu the Great
Mircea V, the Shepherd	1545–1552, 1553–1554, 1558–1559; son of Radu the Great
Radu VIII Ilie, the Hajduk	1552–1553; son of Radu from Afumați
Pătrașcu the Good	1554–1558; son of Radu Paisie
Petru the Younger	1559–1568; son of Mircea the Shepherd
Alexandru II Mircea	1568–1574, 1574–1577; son of Mircea III, the Dragon
Vintilă of Wallachia	1574; son of Pătrașcu the Good
Mihnea II, the Turned-Turk	1577–1583, 1585–1591; son of Alexandru Mircea
Petru II, Earring	1583–1585; son of Pătrașcu the Good
Mihai II, the Brave^[9]	1593–1601; son of Pătrașcu the Good
Nicolae II Pătrașcu	1599–1601; son of Mihai the Brave and co-ruler/ heir
Radu IX Mihnea	1601–1602, 1611, 1611–1616, 1620–1623; son of Mihai the Brave
Alexandru V, the Little Prince	1623–1627; son of Radu Mihnea, the last of Vlad the Impaler's Romanian bloodline^[10]
Mihnea III Radu^[11]	1658–1659

Trașcă Drăculescu – Wallachian boyar, inhabitant of Oltenia, the "last legitimate" descendant of the dynasty, who died in the 18th century.^[12]^[13]

Mircea the Elder
Vlad Dracul
Vlad III, the Impaler
Michael the Brave
Alexandru V, Coconul

Notes

^ Giurescu 1976, p. 112.
^ Cazacu 2017, p. XIV.
^ Treptow 2000, p. 8.
^ Jefferson 2012, p. 143.
^ Grumeza 2010, p. 2.
^ Fine 1994, p. 465.
^ Lupașc 2008.
^ Treptow 2000, p. 10.
^ Prince (or grand duke) of all three principalities: Moldavia, Wallachia and Transylvania (though for the last one, he was made German-Roman governor).
^ Radu R. Florescu; Raymond T. McNally (29 November 2009). Dracula, Prince of Many Faces: His Life and His Times. Little, Brown. pp. 188–. ISBN 978-0-316-09226-5.
^ alleged ancestry
^ Alexandru Osvald, Teodoreanu (26 December 2019). "'Cumplitul Trașcă Drăculescul' (in Romanian)" (PDF). dspace.bcu-iasi.ro. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
^ fictitious character laid out by Romanian writer, columnist and lawyer Păstorel Teodoreanu

Sources

Cazacu, Matei (2017). Dracula. Brill. ISBN 9789004349216.
Giurescu, Constantin (1976). Istoria românilor. Vol. II. București: Editura științifică și enciclopedică.
Grumeza, Ion (2010). The Roots of Balkanization: Eastern Europe C.E. 500-1500. University Press of America. ISBN 9780761851349.
Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08260-4.
Jefferson, John (2012). The Holy Wars of King Wladislas and Sultan Murad; The Ottoman-Christian Conflict from 1438-1444. Brill. ISBN 9789004219045.
Lupașc, Vasile (2008). Răstignit între cruci [Crucified between crosses] (in Romanian). Vol. I. Cetatea de scaun Publishing house.
Treptow, Kurt W. (2000). Vlad III Dracula: The Life and Times of the Historical Dracula. The Center of Romanian Studies. ISBN 9789739839228.

External links

Marek, Miroslav. "A genealogy of the Drăculești family". Genealogy.EU.

[FOOTNOTEGiurescu1976112-1] Giurescu 1976, p. 112.

[FOOTNOTECazacu2017XIV-2] Cazacu 2017, p. XIV.

[FOOTNOTETreptow20008-3] Treptow 2000, p. 8.

[FOOTNOTEJefferson2012143-4] Jefferson 2012, p. 143.

[FOOTNOTEGrumeza20102-5] Grumeza 2010, p. 2.

[FOOTNOTEFine1994465-6] Fine 1994, p. 465.

[FOOTNOTELupașc2008-7] Lupașc 2008.

[FOOTNOTETreptow200010-8] Treptow 2000, p. 10.

[9] Prince (or grand duke) of all three principalities: Moldavia, Wallachia and Transylvania (though for the last one, he was made German-Roman governor).

[FlorescuMcNally2009-10] Radu R. Florescu; Raymond T. McNally (29 November 2009). Dracula, Prince of Many Faces: His Life and His Times. Little, Brown. pp. 188–. ISBN 978-0-316-09226-5.

[11] stry

[12] Alexandru Osvald, Teodoreanu (26 December 2019). "'Cumplitul Trașcă Drăculescul' (in Romanian)" (PDF). dspace.bcu-iasi.ro. Retrieved 13 July 2022.

[13] titious character laid out by Romanian writer, columnist and lawyer Păstorel Teodoreanu

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