Use of the Internet in Venezuela has greatly expanded, but is mostly concentrated among younger, educated city residents, and centered on the capital, Caracas. According to several experts, the lack of quality Internet in Venezuela, which includes the slowest speed in Latin America[1] and one of the slowest Internet speeds in the world, is due to the poor infrastructure of the country.[2]
IPv4: 5.0 million addresses allocated, 0.1% of the world total, 179.9 addresses per 1000 people (2012).[8][9]
History
Late 1990s and 2000s
Between 1998 and 2002, the number of Internet users in Venezuela grew from 207,000 to 1,585,000, but then decreased to 1,365,000 in 2003 for a current Internet penetration rate of 5.4 percent.[10] As of 2001/2002, the vast majority of personal computers are not connected to the Internet.[11] In 2000, Venezuela had approximately 240 dot-com businesses, mostly business-to-business rather than business-to-consumer.[12] The Venezuelan government claimed to have been attempting to automate its processes and put its agencies and services online, assisted by a newly created agency for information technology,[13] but these attempts were not consistent or thorough.[12] As of 2001, though there were sixty licensed ISPs, CANTV Servicios and Telcel controlled over 90 percent of the Internet market.[12]Hotmail, Google, and Yahoo were by far the most popular sites as of 2003, followed by news sites and other search engines.[14] In 2004, the Venezuelan government estimated that 50.4 percent of the population had never used the Internet and would not be interested in doing so, while 28.9 percent were possible future Internet users, primarily young, educated, middle-class individuals.[10] During a 2004 survey, Internet use was strongly concentrated among young, educated city residents, with, 76 percent of users younger than thirty-five,[10] 67 percent having schooling beyond high school,[10] and more than 60 percent of users coming from Caracas as of the early 2000s.[12]
In a 2007 survey, approximately 26.0 percent of Internet users log on daily. These users tend to be upper-class individuals using home connections for educational or work research and downloading. Over half of the population connects between once and five times per week, using cybercafés for e-mailing and chatting. This group is generally male and represents all socioeconomic levels with the exception of the lowest income segment. A smaller portion of users, 16.9 percent, connect between once every other week and once per month. These light users come again from all economic strata except the lowest class, and they almost exclusively use cybercafés for job search purposes.[10]
2010s
As of 2012, statistical reports have shown Internet and broadband penetration in Venezuela as below average for Latin America and much lower than would be expected.[15] State-owned incumbent CANTV has a monopoly in the provision of ADSL, with which it dominates the broadband sector. The only competition comes from cable modems, wireless broadband, and satellite. As a result, ADSL in Venezuela is slower and more expensive than in other Latin American countries. Inter occupies a distant second place after CANTV in the broadband market, with a triple-play package that includes cable TV, cable modem, and telephony. This report provides an overview of Venezuela's Internet, broadband, and pay-TV markets, accompanied by relevant statistics, analyses, and broadband scenario forecasts for the years 2010, 2015 and 2020. See report summary here.
The fastest growing telecom sector in Venezuela was pay TV after mobile broadband, and accounted for 15% of all telecom revenue in the country. The market leaders are DirecTV, Inter, SuperCable, NetUno, Movistar, and CANTV.[16]
Mobile telephony in Venezuela in 2012 has been far more dynamic than the fixed-line market, so much so that mobile phones outnumber fixed lines in service by around 4.6 to one. Mobile penetration is among the highest in Latin America, trailing only Argentina, Uruguay, and a number of Caribbean islands. Venezuela is also a regional leader in terms of SMS traffic, the number of text messages surpassing the number of minutes an average Venezuelan talks on a mobile phone. The country remains one of the last bastions of CDMA in Latin America, but the two leading mobile operators, Movilnet and Movistar, are finally turning to GSM. The third operator, Digitel, offers only GSM services. This report provides an overview of Venezuela's mobile market, accompanied by statistical data and brief profiles of the operators. See report summary here.[17]
In 2014, Venezuela's Internet speed has been called one of the slowest in the world. Its Internet speed was rated at 1.7 Mbit/s, behind both the region average of 5 Mbit/s and the world average of 20 Mbit/s. The Venezuelan government stated that it started a project titled "WiFi for All", but when BBC tried to use the networks in Caracas they did not work at all. The lack of speed in Venezuela has been blamed on poor infrastructure according to several experts. The lack of US dollars due to the Venezuelan governments currency controls has also damaged Internet services because technological equipment must be imported into Venezuela.[2]
In 2018, Venezuela's broadband speed was measured at 1.61 Mbit/s, even slower than in 2014. It was recognized as the slowest internet speed in Latin America.[1]
Social media
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2015)
Due to economic troubles and shortages in Venezuela, Venezuelans began using social media for everyday necessities, which is possibly one of the reasons Venezuela is one of the most active internet countries in Latin America. Venezuelans have used notice boards and Twitter feeds to find and barter for scarce products. Custom made apps have also been created to assist Venezuelans find goods and medicines affected by shortages in the country. Some have also turned toward social media to in order to find reliable news due to government censorship.[18]
Key developments
The National Fibre-Optic Backbone project aims to build a 6,940 km network; Venezuela ranks third in the world for Facebook users as a percentage of Internet users; Venezuela's pay TV market suffers from rampant signal theft; in 2011/2012, two more companies entered the Venezuelan satellite TV market: CANTV and Inter.[16]
Movilnet, Movistar, and Digitel have been allocated additional spectrum; mobile operators are having to invest in their networks, which suffer from severe congestion; Digitel, Movistar, and MovilMax (a WiMAX provider) plan to deploy 4G/LTE networks in 2013/2014; more than one third of Venezuela's mobile subscribers still use CDMA technology; Venezuela continues to have the region's highest ARPU.[19]
Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez decreed the promotion of Internet use as essential to development.[20] Correspondingly, the government promotes use of information and communication technologies (ICT) through a regulatory framework designed to promote competition among ICT businesses, but no special programs encourage such businesses directly.[20]
In 2005, personal Internet use appeared to be largely unrestricted by law and regulation. The U.S. State Department Report on Human Rights in Venezuela for 2005 states that "there were no government restrictions on the Internet or academic freedom."[21]
In December 2010, a new law "Social Responsibility in Radio, Television and Electronic Media" (Ley de Responsabilidad Social en Radio, Televisión y Medios Electrónicos) was adopted. The law was intended to exercise control over content that could "entice felonies", "create social distress", or "question the legitimate constituted authority". The law has been criticized because it may lead to government censorship and encourages self-censorship.[22]
In 2012 tests conducted by the OpenNet Initiative found no evidence of Internet filtering in the political, social, conflict/security, and Internet tools areas.[23][24]
In November 2013 Venezuelan ISPs were ordered to block websites that provide the black market exchange rate. The order is based on Venezuela's 2004 media law which makes it illegal to disseminate information that could sow panic among the general public.[25]Reporters Without Borders warned of the alleged "rising censorship in Venezuela's Internet service, including several websites and social networks facing shutdowns". They condemned actions performed by the National Telecommunications Commission (Conatel) after Conatel restricted access to websites with the unofficial market rate and allegedly "demanded social networks, particularly Twitter, to filter images related to protests taking place in Venezuela against the government".[26]
In the Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 2013, the Organization of American States' Inter-American Commission on Human Rights reported that users of the government-run CANTV were prohibited from seeing certain websites. The IACHR said that the websites of Diario de Cuba and Radionexx were unable to be visited.[27]
The Venezuelan government allegedly blocked images on Twitter in Venezuela for 3 days (12–15 February 2014) which appeared to be an attempt to limit images of protests against shortages and the world's highest inflation rate.[28][29] Twitter spokesman Nu Wexler stated that, "I can confirm that Twitter images are now blocked in Venezuela" adding that "[w]e believe it the government that is blocking".[30][31] During the same period of time, it was reported that Internet access was unavailable in San Cristóbal, Táchira for up to about half a million citizens from an alleged blockage of service by the government with multiple sources claiming that the Venezuelan government blocked Internet access.[32][33][34][35][36] Internet access was reported to be available again one day and a half later.[37]
^ abcdLino Clemente & Colin Maclay (November 2001). "Venezuela"(PDF). Global Competitiveness Report 2001-2002. World Economic Forum. Archived from the original(PDF) on 10 October 2006.
^OpenNet Initiative "Summarized global Internet filtering data spreadsheet", 29 October 2012 and "Country Profiles", the OpenNet Initiative is a collaborative partnership of the Citizen Lab at the Munk School of Global Affairs, University of Toronto; the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University; and the SecDev Group, Ottawa
^Due to legal concerns the OpenNet Initiative does not check for filtering of child pornography and because their classifications focus on technical filtering, they do not include other types of censorship.
Make a secretSingel oleh BoAdari album OutgrowDirilis31 Agustus 2005FormatCDDirekam?GenrePopDurasiLabelavex traxProduser? Make a secret adalah singel solo Jepang BoA ke-16. Judul lagu ini digunakan untuk komersial Kose Fasio, dan walaupun lagu Make a secret dipromosikan, lagu Long time no see, mendapat lebih banyak fans. Lagu make a secret (?) Long time no see (?) make a secret (Instrumental) (?) Long time no see (Instrumental) (?) lbsBoAKoreaAlbum Studio ID; Peace B • No.1 …
Часть серии статей о Холокосте Идеология и политика Расовая гигиена · Расовый антисемитизм · Нацистская расовая политика · Нюрнбергские расовые законы Шоа Лагеря смерти Белжец · Дахау · Майданек · Малый Тростенец · Маутхаузен · …
PenangNama lengkapPenang Football ClubJulukanThe Panthers(Harimau Kumbang)Berdiri1920; 104 tahun lalu (1920) (tak resmi) 21 October 1921; 102 tahun lalu (21 October 1921) (resmi)StadionStadion Kota Penang(Kapasitas: 20,000)PresidenDr. Amar Pritpal AbdullahPelatihManzoor Azwira Abdul WahidLigaLiga Utama Malaysia2019ke-7Situs webSitus web resmi klub Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Musim ini Penang Football Club (atau secara sederhana lebih dikenal sebagai Penang FC) adalah sebuah tim …
العلاقات الأوزبكستانية الصومالية أوزبكستان الصومال أوزبكستان الصومال تعديل مصدري - تعديل العلاقات الأوزبكستانية الصومالية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين أوزبكستان والصومال.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية لل…
Univision TV station in Albuquerque, New Mexico KLUZ-TVAlbuquerque, New MexicoUnited StatesChannelsDigital: 22 (UHF)Virtual: 14BrandingUnivision Nuevo MéxicoProgrammingAffiliations14.1: Univisionfor others, see § SubchannelsOwnershipOwnerTelevisaUnivision(UniMas Albuquerque LLC)OperatorEntravision Communications via LMASister stationsKTFQ-TVHistoryFoundedDecember 1, 1998First air dateApril 8, 1999 (25 years ago) (1999-04-08)Former call signsKAPX (1999–2003)KTFQ (2003)KTFQ-…
Football stadium in New York, US Thompson StadiumLocationStapletonStaten Island, New YorkUnited StatesCoordinates40°37′14.5″N 74°04′50.5″W / 40.620694°N 74.080694°W / 40.620694; -74.080694CapacityNFL football: 8,000SurfaceGrassConstructionOpenedc. 1920Demolished1958TenantsStaten Island Stapletons (NFL) (1924–1933) Thompson Stadium was a football stadium located on Staten Island and used by the Staten Island Stapletons of the National Football League from 192…
Mmm YeahSingel oleh Austin Mahone featuring Pitbulldari album mini The SecretDirilis26 Januari 2014Direkam2013Genre Dance-pop electropop Durasi3:51Label Chase Cash Money Republic Pencipta Austin Mahone Armando Pérez Alex Schwartz Joe Khajadourian William Lobban-Bean Ethan Lowery Lamar Mahone Keith Mayberry Chase Lett Craig Simpkins Lidell Townsell Produser The Futuristics Cook Classics Kronologi singel Austin Mahone Banga Banga (2013) Mmm Yeah (2014) Dirty Work (2015) Kronologi singel…
Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori turchi è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Abdülkadir Parmak Nazionalità Turchia Altezza 176 cm Peso 66 kg Calcio Ruolo Centrocampista Squadra Hatayspor Carriera Giovanili 2005-2008 1461 Soğuksuspor2008-2011 Trabzon Kanuni2011-2013 Trabzonspor Squadre di club1 2013 1461 Trabzon0 (0)2013-2014→ Ümraniyespor16 (1)2014-201…
Sweet originating in India TilkutAlternative namesTilkatri, palalaCourseDessertPlace of originBihar(Magadh,India)Region or stateBihar and East IndiaCreated byBiharMain ingredientsTil, jaggery or sugarVariationsAlmonds Tilkut also known as tilkutam, gajak, tilpatti, is a sweet made in the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand.[1] Tilkut is especially made and eaten during Sakraat or Makar sankranti festival. It is made of pounded 'til' or sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum) and jaggery or sugar. T…
Motorsport track in the United States North Wilkesboro SpeedwayOvalLocation381 Speedway Lane, North Wilkesboro, North Carolina, 28659Time zoneUTC−5 / UTC−4 (DST)Coordinates36°8′32″N 81°4′21″W / 36.14222°N 81.07250°W / 36.14222; -81.07250OwnerSpeedway Motorsports (2007–present)Bruton Smith and Bob Bahre (1995–2007)Staley and Combs families (1953–1995)Enoch Staley and the Mastin brothers (1947–1953)OpenedInitial: 18 May 1947; 76 years ag…
Region in the United StatesArk-La-TexRegionDowntown Shreveport, Louisiana, in 2015Downtown Longview, Texas, in 2008Broad Street in Texarkana, Arkansas, in 2016CountryUnited StatesStateArkansasLouisianaOklahomaTexasPrincipal citiesShreveportBossier CityLongviewTexarkanaNacogdochesMarshallRustonEl DoradoIdabelPopulation (2018) • Total1,498,647Time zoneUTC−6 (CST) • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)Area codes318, 430 and 903, 870, 580 Map of the Ark-La-Tex region The Ark-La-T…
Genus of Fungi Trichophyton Trichophyton rubrum Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Fungi Division: Ascomycota Class: Eurotiomycetes Order: Onygenales Family: Arthrodermataceae Genus: TrichophytonMalmsten Trichophyton is a genus of fungi, which includes the parasitic varieties that cause tinea, including athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch, and similar infections of the nail, beard, skin and scalp. Trichophyton fungi are molds characterized by the development of both smooth-wall…
Cet article est une ébauche concernant un musicien canadien. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Consultez la liste des tâches à accomplir en page de discussion. Alex LifesonAlex Lifeson en concert avec Rush, à Milan en Italie, le 21 septembre 2004.BiographieNaissance 27 août 1953 (70 ans)FernieNom de naissance Aleksandar ŽivojinovićPseudonyme Alex LifesonNationalité canadienneFormation A. Y…
Famille de Simiane Armes de la famille. Blasonnement D'or semé de tours et de fleurs de lys d'azur alternées. Devise « Sustentant lilia turres » Période XIIe au XVIIIe siècle Pays ou province d’origine Provence modifier La famille de Simiane est une famille éteinte de la noblesse française, originaire de Provence, issue de la famille d'Agoult, qui s'est divisée en 12 branches[1]. Elle compte parmi ses membres deux lieutenants généraux et quatre évêques…
Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate For other ships with the same name, see USS Reuben James. USS Reuben James (FFG-57), Pacific Ocean, port bow view, 5 November 1985. History United States NameReuben James NamesakeBoatswain's Mate Reuben James Awarded22 March 1982 BuilderTodd Pacific Shipyards, Los Angeles Division, San Pedro, California Laid down19 November 1983 Launched8 February 1985 Sponsored byLois Haight Herrington Commissioned22 March 1986 Decommissioned18 July 2013 Stricken18 January 2016…
Сельское поселение России (МО 2-го уровня)Новотитаровское сельское поселение Флаг[d] Герб 45°14′09″ с. ш. 38°58′16″ в. д.HGЯO Страна Россия Субъект РФ Краснодарский край Район Динской Включает 4 населённых пункта Адм. центр Новотитаровская Глава сельского посел…