Bly believed that the fairy tale of Iron John contained lessons from the past of great importance to modern men, which could provide positive images of masculinity—such as that of Zeus energy[4]—in an increasingly feminist age. He considered Iron John to be an archetype of the Self, and the hero's interactions with him to represent a katabasis, or exploratory journey into the inner depths, where new sources of positive masculine sexuality could be found and tapped.[5]
Bly also stressed in the book the need in consciousness raising to accept the father's world, the paternal values of limitation, sobriety, and authority; and warned against the dangers of the high-flying ascensionist who is "flying away from the father, not toward him...the psychology of men like Thoreau determined to have a higher consciousness than their fathers".[6]
Origins and development
Bly built upon material in "What Do Men Really Want?: A New Age Interview With Robert Bly" by Keith Thompson, New Age Journal, May 1982, and which first appeared as a series of pamphlets. The cover of his book was illustrated by Bruce Waldman; while the 2004 edition (ISBN0306813769, Da Capo Press), comes with a new preface by the author.[7] In 1993 a full-length critique of the book was published by Charles Upton.[8]
Reception
Author Tom Butler-Bowdon says that, in a nutshell, Bly reveals that "Through old stories we can resurrect the ancient and deep power of the masculine".[9] Entrepreneur and blogger Max Mednik appointed the book as enjoyable, and found "the anthropological details and the studies of initiation rites around the world the most compelling as lessons to learn from" while still being skeptical of the secrets and messages hidden in myths and fairy tales appointed by the book's author.[10]
The American poet Charles Upton considered Bly's approach self-defeating in its efforts to redefine masculinity by a regressive return to the primitive "wild" self.[11] In 2019, journalist Hephzibah Anderson wrote that the book had not aged well: "its flaws have been magnified by the passage of time. […] We may well need to redefine masculinity, but re-wilding doesn't seem the optimal way of going about it".[12]
