Jacob Abbott

Jacob Abbott
Jacob Abbott
Born	November 14, 1803; Hallowell, Massachusetts, United States
Died	October 31, 1879 (aged 75); Farmington, Maine, United States
Alma mater	Bowdoin College
Occupation	Children's author

Jacob Abbott (November 14, 1803 – October 31, 1879) was an American writer of children's books.^[1]

Early life

On November 14, 1803, Abbott was born in Hallowell, Maine to Jacob Abbott II and Betsey Chandler.^[2] He attended the Hallowell Academy.^[3]

Education

Abbott graduated from Bowdoin College in 1820. At some point during his years there, he supposedly added the second "t" to his surname, to avoid being "Jacob Abbot the 3rd" (although one source notes he did not actually begin signing his name with two t's until several years later).^[4]

Abbott studied at Andover Theological Seminary in 1821, 1822, and 1824. He taught at Portland Academy and was a tutor in Amherst College during the next year.^[5]

Career

From 1825 to 1829 Abbott was professor of mathematics and natural philosophy at Amherst College;^[3] was licensed to preach by the Hampshire Association in 1826; founded the Mount Vernon School for Young Ladies in Boston in 1829, and was principal of it in 1829–1833;^[3] was pastor of Eliot Congregational Church (which he founded), at Roxbury, Massachusetts in 1834–1835; and was, with his brothers, a founder, and in 1843–1851 a principal of Abbott's Institute, and in 1845–1848 of the Mount Vernon School for Boys, in New York City.^[6]

He was a prolific author, writing juvenile fiction, brief histories, biographies, religious books for the general reader, and a few works in popular science. He wrote 180 books and was a coauthor or editor of 31 more.^[3] He died in Farmington, Maine,^[5] where he had spent part of his time after 1839, and where his brother, Samuel Phillips Abbott, founded the Abbott School.

His Rollo Books, such as Rollo at Play and Rollo in Europe, are the best known of his writings, having as their chief characters a representative boy and his associates. In them Abbott did for one or two generations of young American readers a service not unlike that performed earlier, in England and America, by the authors of Evenings at Home, The History of Sandford and Merton, and The Parent's Assistant. To follow up his Rollo books, he wrote of Uncle George, using him to teach the young readers about ethics, geography, history, and science. He also wrote 22 volumes of biographical histories and a 10 volume set titled the Franconia Stories.^[3]

His intention was to both amuse and educate, shown by this quotation from the Preface of Bruno:

The books, though called story books, are not intended to be works of amusement merely to those who may receive them, but of substantial instruction. The successive volumes will comprise a great variety, both in respect to the subjects which they treat, and to the form and manner in which the subjects will be presented; but the end and aim of all will be to impart useful knowledge, to develop the thinking and reasoning powers, to teach a correct and discriminating use of language, to present models of good conduct for imitation, and bad examples to be shunned, to explain and enforce the highest principles of moral duty, and, above all, to awaken and cherish the spirit of humble and unobtrusive, but heartfelt piety.^[7]

His brothers, John Stevens Cabot Abbott and Gorham Dummer Abbott, were also authors. His sons, Benjamin Vaughan Abbott, Austin Abbott, both eminent lawyers, Lyman Abbott, and Edward Abbott, a clergyman, were also well-known authors.

See his Young Christian, Memorial Edition, with a Sketch of the Author by Edward Abbott with a bibliography of his works.

Other works of note: Lucy Books, Jonas Books, Harper's Story Books, Marco Paul, Gay Family, and Juno Books.

Personal life

On May 18, 1829, Abbott married Harriet Vaughan.^[5] He had four sons; Benjamin Vaughan Abbott, Edward Abbott, Austin Abbott and Lyman Abbott.

Select Bibliography

Biographies

Alexander the Great (1878)
Alfred the Great
King Charles I
King Charles II
Cleopatra
Cyrus the Great (1878)
Darius
Queen Elizabeth
Genghis Khan
Hannibal
Hortense
Josephine
Julius Caesar
Margaret of Anjou
Mary, Queen of Scots
Nero
Peter the Great
Pyrrhus
Richard I
Richard II
Richard III
Romulus
William the Conqueror
Xerxes

American History Series

Aboriginal America (1860)
Discovery of America (1860)
Southern Colonies (1860)
Northern Colonies (1862)
Wars of the Colonies (1863)
Revolt of the Colonies (1864)
War of the Revolution (1864)
Washington (1865)

Educational fiction

Rollo's Experiments (1839)
Rollo Learning to Read (1847)
Rollo at Work or, The Way to Be Industrious (1848)
Rollo at Play or, Safe Amusements (1850)
Rollo in London (1854)
Bruno or, Lessons of Fidelity, Patience, and Self-Denial Taught by a Dog (1854)
Cousin Lucy's Conversations (1854)
Rollo in the Woods (1857)
Georgie (1857)

[Note: dates may be revised editions]

References

^ Chambers Biographical Dictionary, ISBN 0-550-18022-2, page 2
^ Lach, Jr., Edward L. (2000). "Abbott, Jacob". American National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0900002. Retrieved August 22, 2022. Abbott, Jacob (14 November 1803–31 October 1879), educator and author, was born in Hallowell, Maine, the son of Jacob Abbot II, a merchant, and Betsey Chandler.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Abbott, Jacob". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. I: A-Ak – Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2010. pp. 13. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
^ "Jacob Abbott". readseries.com. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Johnson, Rossiter, ed. (1906). "Abbott, Jacob". The Biographical Dictionary of America. Vol. 1. Boston: American Biographical Society. p. 27.
^ Chisholm 1911.
^ Abbott, Jacob (1854). "Bruno". Project Gutenberg. Retrieved March 6, 2022.

Additional sources

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Abbott, Jacob". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.