Carvalho published more than 500 papers on the taxonomy of the Miridae, as well as studies of other insect groups. Between 1957 and 1960 his catalog of the Miridae of the world was published by the National Museum, totaling more than 1,100 pages.
He coordinated the edition of "Atlas da Fauna Brasileira", a book on Brazilian animals.
In addition, he published on the knowledge of animals by Indians of the Xingu River basin, and on the explorations of early naturalists in the Amazon.