Kingdom of Jarin

The Kingdom of Jarin was an early medieval kingdom centered in Northeast Africa. According to Al-Yaqubi, it was one of six Beja kingdoms that existed in the region during the 9th century. The kingdom's territory was located between Gash-Barka and Massawa.^[1]^[2] The king of Jarin rule extended from Massawa on the Red Sea coast, to the frontier of Gash-Barka having borders with the Baqlin kingdom.It was one of the five Beja kingdoms noted by Al-Yaqubi.^[3]

History

During the Middle Ages there were five Beja kingdoms established. These kingdoms stretched from Eritrea to Aswanin Egypt. The Beja kingdoms occupied much of the former territory of the Axum empire. These kingdoms were first noted by the famous Arab historian Al-Yaqubi during the 9th century A.D. The names of the kingdoms were Naqis, Baqlin, Bazin, Jarin and Qat'a. The kingdoms had borders with each other and the Nubian kingdom Alodia. To the south of the Beja kingdoms was a Christian kingdom referred to as Najashi. Gold, precious stones and emeralds were found in many of the kingdoms. Al-Yaqubi noted that Muslim Arabs visited the kingdoms for trading purposes. He also noted that the Arabs worked in the state mines. ^[4] The primary commercial activities of the Beja kingdoms were mining and slave trade. An important slave-trade center was established on the Dahlak islands. Slaves were traded out of the African interior to the Arabian peninsula and beyond. Amid Beja rule, most of the descendants of the Axum empire were either driven out of the region or sold as slaves. ^[5]

Cities within the Kingdom of Jarin's territory included Suakin and ‘Aydhab. However, both towns were independent of the polity and were also under the protection of Egypt.

Notes

^ Yaʻqūbī, Aḥmad ibn Abī Yaʻqūb,? (2018). The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʻqūbı̄ : an English translation. Leiden. ISBN 9789004364165.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Elzein, Intisar Soghayroun (2004). Islamic Archaeology in the Sudan. Archaeopress. p. 13. ISBN 1841716391. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
^ Yaʻqūbī, Aḥmad ibn Abī Yaʻqūb,? (2018). The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʻqūbı̄ : an English translation. Leiden. ISBN 9789004364165.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Yaʻqūbī, Aḥmad ibn Abī Yaʻqūb,? (2018). The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʻqūbı̄i : an English translation. Leiden. ISBN 9789004364165.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Tronvoll, Kjetil (1998). Mai Weini, a highland village in Eritrea : a study of the people, their livelihood, and land tenure during times of turbulence. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press. ISBN 9781569020586.