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Lempa River

Lempa River
Sunset over the Lempa river
Railroad Bridge (FENADESAL) over the Lempa river, as seen from the Carretera del Litoral highway bridge (El Salvador)
Lempa River is located in El Salvador
Lempa River
Location
Countries
Physical characteristics
SourceSierra Madre
 • locationOlopa, Chiquimula, Guatemala
 • coordinates14°41′33″N 89°18′18″W / 14.69250°N 89.30500°W / 14.69250; -89.30500
 • elevation1,200 m (3,900 ft)
MouthPacific Ocean
 • location
El Playón, Tecoluca, San Vicente, El Salvador
 • coordinates
13°15′17″N 88°49′38″W / 13.25472°N 88.82722°W / 13.25472; -88.82722
 • elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Length422 km (262 mi)
Basin size18,246 km2 (7,045 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • locationCuscatlan bridge[1]
 • average362 m3/s (12,800 cu ft/s)

The Lempa River (Spanish: Río Lempa) is a 422-kilometre-long (262 mi) river in Central America.[2]

Geography

Its sources are located in between the Sierra Madre and the Sierra del Merendón mountain ranges in southern Guatemala, near the town of Olopa.[2] In Guatemala, the river is called Río Olopa and flows southwards for 30.4 kilometres (18.9 mi) before entering Honduras and changing its name to Lempa River at 14°32′52″N 89°15′50″W / 14.547700°N 89.264002°W / 14.547700; -89.264002. In Honduras, it flows through Ocotepeque Department for 31.4 kilometres (19.5 mi), and crosses the border with El Salvador at the town of Citalá (14°22′19″N 89°12′45″W / 14.371857°N 89.212439°W / 14.371857; -89.212439) in the department of Chalatenango. The river continues its course for another 360 kilometres (220 mi) in El Salvador, flowing in a generally southwards direction until it reaches the Pacific Ocean in the department of San Vicente.[2][3] The river forms a small part of the international boundary between El Salvador and Honduras.

The river's watershed covers 18,246 km2 (7,045 sq ml) of which 10,255 km2 (3,959 sq ml), of which 56.56% lie in El Salvador, 5,696 km2 (2,199 sq ml) in Honduras and 2,295 km2 (886 sq ml) in Guatemala.[1] Forty-nine percent of El Salvador's territory is covered by the Lempa river basin,[1] and 77.5 percent of the Salvadoran population lives in cities, towns, and villages that are in its basin, including the capital city of San Salvador.[3]

Hydroelectricity

15 de Septiembre Hydroelectric dam over the Rio Lempa, El Salvador

There are several hydroelectric dams along the river. In El Salvador, there is the Guayojo dam, the Cerrón Grande Hydroelectric Dam, the 5 de Noviembre dam, and the 15 de Septiembre dam, which can be easily seen from the Pan-American highway.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Water Resources Assessment of El Salvador" (PDF). United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 1998. Archived from the original (pdf) on 2009-01-09. Retrieved 2009-05-04.
  2. ^ a b c Hernández, Walter (2005). "Nacimiento y Desarrollo del río Lempa" (pdf). San Salvador: Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (SNET). Retrieved 2009-05-03.
  3. ^ a b "Mapas de Recursos Hídricos". San Salvador: Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (SNET). Archived from the original on April 22, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
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