Liushuquan (simplified Chinese: 柳树𨟠镇; traditional Chinese: 柳樹𨟠鎮; pinyin: Liǔshùquān(quàn[1]) Zhèn) is a town in Fengnan County, Tangshan, Hebei near the coast of the Bo Sea to the immediate northeast of the Port of Tianjin and the immediate northwest of the Port of Tangshan Caofeidian (曹妃甸港). Liushuquan Town is named after a village (which is now divided into three villages) founded in the northern part of the town in 1662. Liushuquan has a reputation as a "land of fish and rice where you can easily find a Holocentridae fish or a Tianjin Purple Crab".[4]
Overview
Liushuquan Town has advantageous geography, location, transportation and natural resources as well as a history of settlement stretching back to the Ming Dynasty. The town has a total cultivated land area of 75000 mu as well as 11000 mu of water-based agriculture. The town is located in the coastal plain of the Bo Sea, 24 km from Tangshan. The town is north of G0111 Qinhuangdao–Binzhou Expressway. Fengjian road (丰碱线) runs through the middle of the town from north to south. Hejian road, QiuLiu highways cross through the town. There are four rivers, Dadou River (大陡河), Sand River (沙河), Dongpaigan (东排干) and Xipaigan (西排干) which flow into the Bo Sea.[4]
Due to the inconvenience involved in typing the character 𨟠 (quān), it is often rendered as its components '瞿阝' (a combination of 瞿 and 阝)('柳树瞿阝镇') or substituted by the homophonous character 酄('柳树酄镇')[5] or 圈('柳树圈镇'). The town has been mentioned as an example of the usage of the character 𨟠 (瞿阝quān) in several editions of the Contemporary Chinese Dictionary.[6][7][8] There are several sources which give the pronunciation quàn for this character.[1]
History
Ming Dynasty
Zhengde
In 1506 (the first year of the Zhengde era 正德元年), the Xihe (West River) village was established. The village is named after the shallow river to the west of the village. The West River itself is so named because it is west of the Dadou River. According to tradition, the West River was formerly a canal that reached Beijing. The village was originally named Xihedian (West River Store 西河店).[1]
Qing Dynasty
Shunzhi
In 1644, the villages of Liu De Zhuang (刘德庄) and Xiaxin Zhuang (夏新庄) were established around the collapse of the Ming Dynasty. Liu De Zhuang takes its name from Liu De (刘德), a member of the Ming court who left the capital and took residence in the area. Xiaxin Zhuang was established in the same year to the south of Liu De Zhuang. Its name derives from reference to the depressed land around the Bo Sea.[1]
In 1650, the village of Hanjiaquan (Han Family Quan) was established on the western bank of the Dadou River. Its name derives from settlers of the Han family, and reference to the geographical feature 'quan'. (该地为低洼滩草圈与水圈地带)[1]
In 1671 (the tenth year of the Kangxi era 康熙十年), Jimen (戟门) was established on the western bank of the Dadou River.
In 1682 (the twenty first year of the Kangxi era 康熙二十一年), Laopu (老铺) was established on the eastern bank of the Dadou River. Laopu's name references the old pu of settler Li Hongshen (李洪深).
Qianlong
In 1736 (the first year of the Qianlong era 清乾隆元年), Li Fu Zhuang (李富庄) was established to the southwest of Liu De Zhuang. The name of the village is derived from the Li family and the rich natural resources of the village.[1]
In 1755 (the twentieth year of the Qianlong era 清乾隆二十年), Aoli (廒里 Áolǐ) was established south of Jimen on the Dadou River. The village's name is derived from the practice of boiling seawater (熬盐 áoyán) which is a homophone of áo 廒.[1]
In 1968, Sangou (三沟 Third Channel) was established. The area was originally part of a marsh which was divided into four channels. Settlers from nearby Jimen migrated east to the former location of the third channel, and their new village used the name of the former channel.[1]
In 1982, the name of Laopu Commune was changed to Liushuquan Commune (柳树瞿阝公社).
In 1984, Liushuquan Commune was changed into a township(乡).
In 1985, Liushuquan Township was elevated to a town (镇).
In 1997, it had a total area of 103 km2, a population of 25,000, and was made up of 18 village-level(村) divisions.[1]
