Madygenerpeton

Madygenerpeton; Temporal range: Carnian
	Madygenerpeton pustulatus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Reptiliomorpha (?)
Order:	†Chroniosuchia
Family:	†Chroniosuchidae
Genus:	†Madygenerpeton; Schoch, Voigt & Buchwitz, 2010
Species
	†M. pustulatus Schoch, Voigt & Buchwitz, 2010 (type);

Madygenerpeton is an extinct genus of chroniosuchid reptiliomorph from the Late Triassic Madygen Formation of Kyrgyzstan.^[1] It was first named by paleontologists Rainer R. Schoch, Sebastian Voigt and Michael Buchwitz in 2010 from a nearly complete skull and associated osteoderms. The type species is M. pustulatus.^[1]

Description

Madygenerpeton, like other chroniosuchids, has osteoderms, or bony plates, overlying its spine. These osteoderms interlock with each other and connect to their associated vertebrae on the spinal column.^[1] They are wide and have curved or peaked surfaces. On the upper surface of the front end and the lower surface of the back end of each osteoderm there are facets covered in concentric ridges and furrows. These facets allow the plates to interlock with each other. The relatively narrow width of the osteoderms in Madygenerpeton allow for more lateral flexion in the trunk of than other chroniosuchids, up to 7.5°.^[2]

The skull has a parabolic outline and its surface is covered with pustular ornamentation. This distinctive ornamentation gives the type species its name, M. pustulatus. Unlike other chroniosuchids, Madygenerpeton lacks an antorbital fontanelle in front of the eyes. The postparietal or posterior area of the skull is concave.^[1]

Paleobiology

The tightly interlocking osteoderms along the back of Permian chroniosuchians were likely an adaptation to terrestrial locomotion. The plates made the vertebral column more rigid, allowing it to better cope with stresses from shearing, torsion, compression, and tension. However, the increased stability of the vertebral column resulted in less flexibility. In Madygenerpeton, the increased flexibility of the trunk may have been an adaptation to a secondarily aquatic lifestyle. Greater lateral flexion would have enabled lateral undulation useful for swimming.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Rainer R. Schoch; Sebastian Voigt; Michael Buchwitz (2010). "A chroniosuchid from the Triassic of Kyrgyzstan and analysis of chroniosuchian relationships". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 160 (3): 515–530. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00613.x.
^ ^a ^b Buchwitz, M.; Voigt, S. (2010). "Peculiar carapace structure of a Triassic chroniosuchian implies evolutionary shift in trunk flexibility". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (6): 1697–1708. doi:10.1080/02724634.2010.521685. S2CID 129183858.