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Mancozeb

Skeletal formula of mancozeb

Mancozeb is a dithiocarbamate non-systemic agricultural fungicide with multi-site, protective action on contact. It is a combination of two other dithiocarbamates: maneb and zineb.[1] The mixture controls many fungal diseases in a wide range of field crops, fruits, nuts, vegetables, and ornamentals. It is marketed as Penncozeb, Trimanoc, Vondozeb, Dithane, Manzeb, Nemispot, and Manzane. In Canada, a mixture of zoxamide and mancozeb was registered for control of the mildew named Gavel as early as 2008.[2]

Mechanism

Mancozeb reacts with, and inactivates, the sulfhydryl groups of amino acids and enzymes within fungal cells, resulting in disruption of lipid metabolism, respiration, and production of adenosine triphosphate.[3]

Mancozeb is listed under FRAC code M:03 The "M:" refers to Chemicals with Multi-Site Activity. "M:" FRAC groups are defined as generally considered as a low risk group without any signs of resistance developing to the fungicides.[4]

Toxicology

A major toxicological concern is ethylenethiourea (ETU), an industrial contaminant and a breakdown product of mancozeb and other EBDC pesticides. It has potential to cause goiter, a condition in which the thyroid gland is enlarged and has produced birth defects and cancer in experimental animals. ETU has been classified as a probable human carcinogen by the EPA.[5] Mancozeb has been shown to have significant negative effects on beneficial root fungi - totally preventing spore germination at levels far below recommended dosage levels.[6]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Mancozeb". Cornell University. 1993. Retrieved 2014-07-20. It is a combination of two other chemicals of this class, maneb and zineb
  2. ^ "Gowan buys Dow's Gavel potato fungicide". grainews.ca. July 18, 2008.
  3. ^ Tomlin C.D.S (2003). The Pesticide Manual - A world compendium (Thirteenth ed.). British Crop Protection Council.
  4. ^ "FRAC Code List ©*2017" (PDF). Fungicide Resistance Action Committee. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  5. ^ "Mancozeb". Extension Toxicology Network. September 1993. Archived from the original on 2020-06-20. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  6. ^ Giovannetti, M.; Turrini, A.; Strani, P.; Sbrana, C.; Avio, L.; Pietrangeli, B. (January 2006). "Mycorrhizal fungi in ecotoxicological studies: Soil impact of fungicides, insecticides and herbicides" (PDF). Prevention Today. 2 (1–2): 47–62. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  • Mancozeb in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB)
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