Morrinsville (Māori: Mōrena)[3] is a provincial town in the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. Morrinsville is a service town for the local dairy industry; the area surrounding the town has the highest concentration of dairy cattle in New Zealand.
History and Culture
Pre-European settlement
Prior to European settlement of New Zealand, the hills around present-day Morrinsville were occupied by the Ngati Werewere Māori people of the Ngati Haua Iwi, and the site of the present-day town was on or near to an old Māori route between the upper Waihou-Piako basin and the Ngāruawāhia area.[4]
Following the arrival of Europeans, some early European traders are believed to have traversed this route prior to 1834 when the Rev. J. Morgan travelled up the Piako River to near the future town site and crossed west to Horotiu, near Ngāruawāhia.[5] First recorded contact with European settlers in the area occurred around 1850, with John Johnson trading with the Māori from 1852.[6]
Post-European settlement
The 1860s saw an influx of European settlers to the area between Te Aroha and Matamata, and on 13 December 1873 a settler from Auckland, Thomas Morrin,[7] purchased the Kuranui No.1 Block from the local Māori and founded the Lockerbie Estate, which Morrin named after the Scottish town from which his father had emigrated. In May 1874, Morrin purchased two further blocks, Motumaoho No.1 and No.2, and his estate then totaled over 30,000 acres (12,000 hectares). The fledgling village was to be the service centre for Morrin's Lockerbie Estate and he built a blacksmith's shop, manager's house, the Jolly Cripple Hotel and general store and donated land for a school. Morrin hired Irish navvies from the gold fields to dig a network of ditches to drain the land, enabling it to be used for agriculture. In 1882 Morrin surveyed the land for the site of the town proper, and deposited plans for ten streets: Anderson, Hamilton, Studholme, Moorhouse, Lorne, Canada, Cureton, Somerville, Thames and Thorpe (the first and last three streets being named after family members).[4][5][6]
Lockerbie Estate Blacksmiths in Studholme Street, Morrinsville, circa 1890
The Thames Valley and Rotorua Railway Company began construction of a railway line from Morrinsville to Rotorua in 1879, and on 1 October 1884, the line from Hamilton to Morrinsville was opened. With construction progressing towards Paeroa and the line to Te Aroha opening on 1 March 1886, the town's population was listed as 633 people.[8] With further expansion of the railway towards Thames and Tauranga, alongside extensive drainage of swamp land to the south and west of the town making available large areas for dairy farming, Morrinsville was declared a town district in 1908 and in 1921 was constituted as a borough.[5]
Demographics
Morrinsville covers 10.28 km2 (3.97 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 9,710 as of June 2024,[2] with a population density of 945 people per km2.
Before the 2023 census, the town had a smaller boundary, covering 7.78 km2 (3.00 sq mi).[1] Using that boundary, Morrinsville had a population of 7,761 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 768 people (11.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 1,158 people (17.5%) since the 2006 census. There were 2,934 households, comprising 3,699 males and 4,062 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.91 males per female, with 1,533 people (19.8%) aged under 15 years, 1,467 (18.9%) aged 15 to 29, 3,138 (40.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,626 (21.0%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 83.4% European/Pākehā, 18.1% Māori, 1.9% Pacific peoples, 6.9% Asian, and 1.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 12.7, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 52.6% had no religion, 34.5% were Christian, 0.9% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.9% were Hindu, 0.3% were Muslim, 1.5% were Buddhist and 2.2% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 747 (12.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 1,737 (27.9%) people had no formal qualifications. 924 people (14.8%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 3,027 (48.6%) people were employed full-time, 807 (13.0%) were part-time, and 198 (3.2%) were unemployed.[9]
The Morrinsville East[10] and West[11] areas (2018 boundaries) had these census figures -
Population
Households
Average income
National average
Year
E
W
total
E
W
total
E
W
2001
3,678
2,520
6,198
1,431
903
2,334
$19,000
$16,100
$18,500
2006
4,056
2,547
6,593
1,566
945
2,511
$26,100
$21,500
$24,100
2013
4,431
2,562
6,993
1,773
978
2,751
$30,600
$24,200
$27,900
2018
4,812
2,949
7,761
1,857
1,086
2,943
$33,800
$27,600
$31,800
Apart from Morrinsville, the largest number of commuters go to Waihou from Morrinsville East and Tahuroa from West.[12] In 2018 13.8% of the population of Morrinsville East and 25.1% of West were Māori.[9]
Morrinsville Intermediate is the state intermediate school,[16][17] with a roll of 340.[18]
The town has two state primary schools for Year 1 to 6 students: Morrinsville School,[19] with a roll of 227;[20] and David Street School,[21][22] with a roll of 536;[23]
A third primary school, Motumaoho School, is located south-west of the town on State Highway 26;[24] it has a roll of 30.[25]
St Joseph's Catholic School is a state integrated Catholic primary school,[26] with a roll of 194.[27]
All these schools are co-educational. Rolls are as of November 2024.[28]
Economy
The commercial area has life-sized gaily-painted statues of cows on many street corners
Morrinsville's economic growth is dependent on the surrounding countryside: the Piako country is one of the wealthiest farming areas in the world with the country being good for dairy cattle specifically.[29]: 133–149, 243
Morrinsville houses several factories involved in agricultural products such as a butter factory, which claims to be the first butter factory in the world to be fully automated,[30][29]: 243 , and a fertiliser factory.[29]: 243
Ticket sales 1885–1950 (derived from annual returns to Parliament of "Statement of Revenue for each Station for the Year ended")
Historically, Morrinsville was the railway junction of the Auckland–Thames and Auckland–Rotorua lines, which subsequently became the Thames Branch and the East Coast Main Trunk Railway (Tauranga) lines. Morrinsville Railway Station was opened on 1 October 1884, to the east off Studholme Street, at the junction of the two lines. A footbridge over the track was opened in 1913, connecting the station with the town from the end of Canada Street.[31] The station was described as consisting of "two asphalt passenger platforms, and the station buildings contain a ladies' waiting room, a large general waiting room, a post office lobby with post and telegraph offices, a ticket office, and offices for the Inspector of Permanent Way. There are also large goods and engine sheds, and cattle loading yards. Five workmen's cottages adjoin the station, and the Bank of New Zealand Estates Company has a large building connected with the siding for seed-cleaning and storage purposes."[32] The station was moved about 1⁄4 mile (0.40 km) towards Hamilton in 1923.[33] The original station building was demolished in 1984 and a smaller building was erected approximately 300 metres to the west off Marshall Street, which is still used by KiwiRail for freight services.
Morrinsville railway station, 1902
Passenger services are no longer provided to or from Morrinsville Railway Station. The Thames Branch closed on 28 June 1991 and the track subsequently lifted, although in 2004 a short shunt line – the Waitoa Industrial Line – reopened to facilitate freight trains for the Waitoa Dairy Factory. The East Coast Main Trunk Railway provided passenger services between Auckland and Rotorua – the Geyserland Express – and Auckland and Tauranga - the Kaimai Express; however, in 2001 it was announced that these services were too uneconomic to continue, and the last trains ran on 7 October 2001.
Passenger traffic reached a peak in 1944, as shown in this table and the graph -
Waterfall on the Waitakaruru Stream, beside the Morrinsville River Walk
A 1.8 km (1.1 mi) walkway runs beside Waitakaruru Stream[37] and one of 1.3 km (0.81 mi) beside the Piako River.[38] There was a plan in 2008 to combine these walkways into a route of 5.24 km (3.26 mi).[39] There are also shorter walkways on the north east edge of town.[40][41]
Sports clubs
Kereone Rugby & Sports Club, established in 1919.[42]
Climate
Climate data for Toenepi (8km SSE of Morrinsville, 1991–2020)
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