Muhammad bin Al-Qasim al-Qundusi

Muhammad bin Al-Qasim al-Qundusi
Muhammad bin Al-Qasim al-Qundusi
محمد بن القاسم القندوسي
	A Basmala by al-Qundūsi.
Born	1790; Kénadsa, southwest Algeria
Died	1861 (aged 70–71)
Known for	Calligraphy

Muhammad Bin Al-Qāsim al-Qundūsi ( Arabic: محمد بن القاسم القندوسي; born c. 1790 – died 1861) was an Algerian Sufi calligrapher and scholar who was born in Qanaadasa in southwest Algeria.

Biography

Al-Qundusi was born in Qanaadasa in 1790 in southwest Algeria.^[1]^[2] In 1828, he migrated to Fes, where he lived and had a hanout in the herb market, in which he sold herbs.^[3]

He lived in relative obscurity, though those who knew him described him as gnostic, saintly, esoterically knowledgeable, and spiritually insightful.^[4]

He wrote many books and transcribed a number of dawawin, or collected works. He conferred upon the Moroccan Alawite Sultan Sliman a degree in knowledge of the Dala'il al-Khayrat, a seminal Sufi text composed by the 15th-century Muhammad al-Jazuli.^[5] al-Qundusi passed away in 1861.^[2]^[6]

He was a Sufi associated with the Qadiri and Nasiri orders.^[7]

Calligraphy

He was a talented calligrapher, specializing in a flamboyant style of the Maghrebi script that he innovated. He also created a copy of the Quran in 12 volumes which he finished on September 7–8, 1850, and which is kept in al-Khizāna al-Ḥassania.^[8] He drew the name of Allah in the Zawiya of Idriss II in Fes.^[9]

Surah Al-'Alaq of the Quran written with Al-Qundusi calligraphy, Islamic Calligraphy Museum of Tlemcen.
A composition of the name Allah by al-Qundusi displayed at the Zawiya of Moulay Idris II in Fes.

Works

His works include:

التأسيس في مساوي الدنيا ومهاوي إبليس.^[10] completed 1838^[11]
البوارق الأحمدية في الحركة والسكونية
الصلاة الوافية من الأحوال الظلمانية
التلوين والتمكين في مطلع الصلاة على صاحب الوحي المبين completed 1852
The Drink of the People of Purity in Prayers upon the Chosen Prophet^[12] (or شراب أهل الصفا في الصلاة على النبي المصطفى), also known as طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج completed in 1838
The Grand Elixir of Invocations سيف العناية لمريد الكفاية
- تقاييد في الاسم اللطيف^[13]
- مختصر في أسماء الله الحسنى^[13]

Legacy

Most of his works are now kept at the national library in Rabat.^[14]

His works inspired a typeface called Qandus,^[15] which was designed by Kristyan Sarkis of TPTQ Arabic, and won the Type Directors Club's 2017 Typeface Design Award.^[16]

References

^ Pierre Joris, Habib Tengour (1995). Poems for the Millennium, Volume Four The University of California Book of North African Literature. Univ of California Press. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-520-26913-2.
^ ^a ^b الأعلام - ج 7 - محمد بن قاسم - نافع بن الحارث (in Arabic). IslamKotob. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
^ IslamKotob. الشرب المحضر والسر المنتظر من معين أهل القرن الثالث عشر (in Arabic). IslamKotob.
^ "Muhammad al-Qandusi". Awliya Map. Retrieved 2019-12-21.
^ أبي عبد الله محمد بن (2015-01-01). طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج (in Arabic). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
^ البهنسي, عفيف (1995). معجم مصطلحات الخط العربي والخطاطين (الأولى ed.). بيروت: مكتبة لبنان ناشرون. p. 123.
^ "The Grand Elixir of Invocations". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 2020-06-13.
^ الأعلام - خير الدين الزركلي - ج 7 - الصفحة 9
^ أبي عبد الله محمد بن (2015-01-01). طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج (in Arabic). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
^ الأعلام - ج 7 - محمد بن قاسم - نافع بن الحارث. IslamKotob. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
^ طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. 2015-01-01. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
^ al-Qandusi, Muhammad Bin al-Qasim (2014). The Drink of the People of Purity. Muhammadan Press. ISBN 978-9810904135.
^ ^a ^b طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. 2015-01-01. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
^ Habib., Joris, Pierre. Tengour (2012). Poems for the millennium : the University of California book of North African literature. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-95379-6. OCLC 879553614.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "Qandus – Laura Meseguer". Retrieved 2019-12-20.
^ "Typeface Design 2017". Retrieved 2019-12-20.

[Pierre_Joris,_Habib_Tengour-1] Pierre Joris, Habib Tengour (1995). Poems for the Millennium, Volume Four The University of California Book of North African Literature. Univ of California Press. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-520-26913-2.

[:02-2] الأعلام - ج 7 - محمد بن قاسم - نافع بن الحارث (in Arabic). IslamKotob. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.

[3] IslamKotob. الشرب المحضر والسر المنتظر من معين أهل القرن الثالث عشر (in Arabic). IslamKotob.

[4] "Muhammad al-Qandusi". Awliya Map. Retrieved 2019-12-21.

[:12-5] أبي عبد الله محمد بن (2015-01-01). طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج (in Arabic). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.

[عفيف2-6] البهنسي, عفيف (1995). معجم مصطلحات الخط العربي والخطاطين (الأولى ed.). بيروت: مكتبة لبنان ناشرون. p. 123.

[7] "The Grand Elixir of Invocations". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 2020-06-13.

[8] الأعلام - خير الدين الزركلي - ج 7 - الصفحة 9

[9] أبي عبد الله محمد بن (2015-01-01). طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج (in Arabic). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.

[:0-10] الأعلام - ج 7 - محمد بن قاسم - نافع بن الحارث. IslamKotob. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.

[:1-11] طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. 2015-01-01. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.

[12] -Qandusi, Muhammad Bin al-Qasim (2014). The Drink of the People of Purity. Muhammadan Press. ISBN 978-9810904135.

[طريق_المعراج_إلى_حضرة_صاحب_التاج-13] طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. 2015-01-01. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.

[14] Habib., Joris, Pierre. Tengour (2012). Poems for the millennium : the University of California book of North African literature. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-95379-6. OCLC 879553614.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[15] "Qandus – Laura Meseguer". Retrieved 2019-12-20.

[16] "Typeface Design 2017". Retrieved 2019-12-20.

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