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Order of the Falcon (Czechoslovakia)

Order of the Falcon of Štefánik
(Štefánikův řád Sokola)
Badge of a Knight of the Order of the Falcon (with swords)
Awarded by Provisional Government of Czechoslovakia[1]
TypeOrder of merit
EstablishedNovember 1918[1]
StatusAbolished 1919[1]
GradesGrand Cross
Grand Officer
Commander
Officer
Knight[1]

Ribbon with star (left) and without star (right).

The Order of the Falcon of Štefánik (Czech: Štefánikův Řád Sokola), also known unofficially as the Štefánikův Order was a Czechoslovak order established in November 1918.[2]

History

The establishment of the Order of the Falcon in 1919 resulted from a proposal in September 1918 by the Minister of War Milan Rastislav Štefánik (hence the unofficial name)[2] [3] and was intended to recognise achievements that contributed to the liberation of Czechoslovakia. Membership of the order was primarily conferred upon members of the Czechoslovak Legions who served in Siberia during the Russian Civil War.[1] The order was short-lived as all Czechoslovak orders were abolished in 1919, soon after the Czechoslovak Republic declared independence; they were 'regarded as undemocratic'.[1] One of the most famous officers to be appointed a Knight of the Order of the Falcon was Major General Jan Syrový.[4][5] During the Russian Civil War, Syrový commanded all anti-Bolshevik forces in Siberia from October 1918 to January 1919[4][6] and, in September 1938 as the Czechoslovak Prime Minister, he was forced to accept the terms of the Munich Agreement.[7]

Composition

Appointments to the Order were in either the Military or Civilian divisions.[2] The order was intended to consist of five classes:[1][8]

  • Grand Cross (Czech: Velkokříž), Class I
  • Grand Officer (Czech: Velkodůstojník), Class II
  • Commander (Czech: Komtur), Class III
  • Officer (Czech: Důstojník), Class IV
  • Knight (Czech: Rytíř), Class V

In practice appointments were only made to the lowest class.[1]

Insignia

Badge. The badge of the order is an inverted star (point down) comprising a convex central white enamel disc, edged white with a gilt border, the whole surrounded by five blue rays pattée moussé, edged white with gilt borders. The obverse of the center disc is charged with three hills in blue with gilt borders, surmounted by four gilt falcons in flight. The reverse of the convex center disc is charged with the monogram ČS in blue with gilt borders, surmounting the date 1918 in gilt and surrounded on either side by a branch of gilt laurel leaves.[2]

Suspension device. The badge for civilian awards is suspended from a circlet formed from gilt laurel leaves, whilst gilt crossed swords are added to the suspension device for military awards.[2]

Ribbon. The badge of the order is suspended from a red moire silk ribbon divided by a central narrow white stripe, with a thin white stripe set in from either edge.[2]

Star. Appointments could also be made with a star affixed to the ribbon signifying additional distinction.[2]

Štefánik had the first insignia produced in Tokyo; these were supplied in a lacquered balsa wood box.[2]

Knights

The following is an incomplete list of people appointed as knights of the Order of the Falcon:

List of knights with sword
Name Birth Death Rank
Rank
Service branch Notable appointments Ref
Jindřich Bejl 1890 1973 Maj later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[9]
Alois Benda 1890 1957 Maj later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[10]
Jan Beneš 1886 1949 Maj later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[11]
Jindřich Birula 1895 1972 LtCol later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[12]
František Bláha 1886 1945 Maj later
DivGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
[13]
Stanislav Čeček 1886 1930 DivGen Inf Offr
CS Army
Head of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Aviation [14]
Jan Čermák 1893 1961 Capt later
BdeGen
Inf and
Engr Offr
CS Army
Commander III Corps Engineers [15]
Jaroslav Červinka 1889 1985 Col later
BdeGen
Inf and
Cav Offr
CS Army
[16]
Jaroslav Čihák 1891 1944 Capt later
DivGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
Chairman of the Czechoslovak Red Cross in exile
Member of the Czechoslovak National Council in exile
[17]
Antonín Číla 1883 1983 LtCol later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[18]
Jaroslav Čížek 1891 1972 Capt later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Secretary General of the Czechoslovak Inter-ministerial Council for Matters of National Defence [19]
Mikhail Diterikhs 1875 1937 LtGen Cav Offr
Ru Army
Commander of the Czechoslovak Legions
Military Affairs Minister
[20]
Josef Dostál 1891 1945 Capt later
DivGen Mem
Inf and
Cav Offr
CS Army
[21]
Josef Eisenberger 1887 1955 Maj later
(Bde)Gen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[22]
Jaroslav Fajfr 1883 1974 Maj later
MajGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[23]
Julius Fišera 1894 ? Maj later
BdeGen
Cav Offr
CS Army
[24]
Radola Gajda 1892 1948 DivGen Inf Offr
CS Army
Deputy Chief of Staff for the Czechoslovak Army
National Fascist Community politician
[25]
Vladimír Haering 1882 1942 LtCol later
ChiefGenMS
Mem
Med Offr
CS Army
Chief of Czechoslovak Army Corps Medical Services [26]
Antonín Hasal 1893 1960 LtCol
later ArmyGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Czechoslovak Minister for Transport and Technology [27]
František Havel 1883 1958 Maj later
BdeGen
Engr Offr
CS Army
[28]
Bedřich Homola 1887 1943 Maj later
ArmyGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander VII Corps [29]
Rudolf Hošek 1887 ? Maj later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[30]
František Hrabčík 1894 1967 Maj later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Secretary of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence [31]
Karel Husárek 1893 1972 LtCol later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Czechoslovak Minister for Railways [32]
Josef Janáček 1885 1954 Capt later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander IV Corps [33]
Pierre Thiebaut Charles Maurice Janin 1862 1946 LtGen
later LtGen
Inf Offr
Fr Army
Commander VII Corps (French Army)
Commander-in-Chief Czechoslovak Legion Headquarters
[34]
Rudolf Janů 1879 1934 LtCol later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[35]
Eduard Kadlec 1880 1961 Col later
ArmyGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander IV Corps [36]
Bonifác Káňa 1893 1941 Capt later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[37]
Jan Karger 1887 1977 Capt later
BdeGen
Inf and
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander VI Corps Artillery [38]
Jaroslav Kejla 1892 ? Col later
GenTOSA
Inf and
Ord Offr
CS Army
Aviation Materiel Department Head, Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence [39]
Vojtěch Klecanda 1888 1947 LtCol later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
division commander
and military attaché
[40]
Karel Klubal 1886 1939 Capt later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[41]
František Kolařík 1881 1950 Maj later
DivGen
Engr Offr
CS Army
[42]
Václav Kopal 1882 1935 Maj later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[43]
Josef Koutňák 1890 1961 Capt later
DivGen Mem
Cav Offr
CS Army
Commander Czechoslovak Tank Corps [44]
Ludvík Krejčí 1890 1972 Col later
ArmyGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander-in-Chief Czechoslovak Armed Forces [45]
Josef Kroutil 1879 1936 LtCol later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[46]
Rudolf Kroutil 1884 1964 Maj later
MajGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Head Artillery Department, Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence [47]
Miloš Kudrna 1884 1951 Maj later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[48]
Karel Kutlvašr 1895 1961 LtCol later
ArmyGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander III Corps
Commander V Corps
[49]
Otakar Líčka 1889 1963 Maj later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[50]
Emil Linhart 1889 1959 Capt later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander I Corps [51]
Vojtěch Luža 1891 1944 Maj later
ArmyGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander IV Corps
Commander V Corps
[52]
Rudolf Medek 1890 1940 LtCol later
(Bde)Gen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[53]
Karel Mejstřík 1886 1945 Maj later
DivGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
[54]
Ondřej Mézl 1887 1968 Maj later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander VI Corps
Chief of Czechoslovak Missions to Middle East, 21st Army Group and Allied Headquarters
[55]
Ondřej Moravec 1887 ? Maj later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Secretary General of the Czechoslovak Inter-ministerial Council for Matters of National Defence [56]
Josef Mrázek 1885 1967 Maj later
BdeGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Artillery Department Head, Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence [57]
Matěj Němec 1886 1975 LtCol later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[58]
Jan Netík 1885 1945 Maj later
DivGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Artillery Department Head, Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence [59]
Bedřich Neumann 1891 1964 Maj later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Chief of Staff, Czechoslovak Armed Forces Headquarters [60]
Václav Nosek 1887 1953 Maj later
BdeGen
Engr Offr
CS Army
Commander I Corps Engineers
Commander Army Engineers
[61]
František Nosál 1889 1963 LtCol later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Czechoslovak Minister of Public Works [62]
Josef Nosál 1885 1940 Maj later
BdeGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
[63]
Zdeněk Novák 1891 1988 Maj later
BdeGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander IV Corps Artillery
Commander Land Artillery Command
[64]
Josef Palacký 1888 1938 Maj later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[65]
Václav Petřík 1885 1957 Col later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[66]
Josef Petrš 1886 1968 Col later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[67]
Josef Pícek 1874 ? Maj later
GenMS
Med Offr
CS Army
[68]
Lev Prchala 1892 1963 Col later
ArmyGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Minister of Finance, Interior and Transport, Autonomous Carpathia and Ruthenia
Commander Czech and Slovak Legion
[69]
Vladimír Přikryl 1888 1955 Maj later
DivGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander 1st Army Artillery
Commander Land Artillery Command
[70]
Robert Pytlík 1887 1965 Maj later
GenMS
Med Offr
CS Army
[71]
Rudolf Raše 1872 1954 Col later
GenMS
Med Offr
CS Army
[72]
Bedřich Ruml 1888 1980 Lt later
DivGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Deputy Commander II Corps [73]
Jan Růžička 1896 1968 Lt later
BdeGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander VII Corps Artillery [74]
Bohumil Rytíř 1889 ? Maj later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[75]
František Slunečko 1886 1963 Maj later
MajGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander I Corps [76]
Vladimir Šokorov (ru) 1868 1940 LtGen Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander-in-Chief Allied Forces, Siberian Theatre [77]
Jan Staněk 1882 ? Capt later
GenLS
Inf and
Legal Offr
CS Army
Attorney General, Office of the General Military Prosecurtor [78]
Karel Štěpánek 1883 1966 Capt later
BdeGen
Inf and
Engr Offr
CS Army
[79]
Václav Suchý 1881 1966 Maj later
ChiefGenIS
Inf and
Ord Offr
CS Army
[80]
Oleg Svátek 1888 1941 LtCol later
DivGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
[81]
Jan Syrový 1888 1970 MajGen
later ArmyGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Czechoslovak Prime Minister and Minister of National Defence [4]
František Tallavania 1894 1981 Maj later
BdeGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
[82]
Karel Urbánek 1878 1937 Capt later
BdeGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[83]
Josef Váňa 1893 1976 LtCol later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander II Corps [84]
Josef Vedral 1886 1979 Maj later
BdeGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander Land Artillery Command [85]
Rudolf Viest 1890 1945 Maj later
ArmyGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander 1st Army
Minister of State, Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence in exile
[86]
Karel Vojan 1887 1978 Lt later
BdeGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander II Corps Artillery [87]
Sergej Vojcechovský (ru) 1883 1951 MajGen
later ArmyGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
Commander 1st Army [88]
Hugo Vojta 1885 1941 Maj later
MajGen
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander Headquarters Land Artillery [89]
Karel Voženílek 1883 1943 Col later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[90]
Bohuslav Všetička 1893 1942 LtCol later
DivGen Mem
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander VIII Corps [91]
Dominik Vymětal 1883 1953 Maj later
GenMS
Med Offr
CS Army
Head Health Service Corps [92]
Miloš Žák 1891 1970 LtCol later
DivGen
Inf Offr
CS Army
[93]
Václav Ždímal 1890 1942 Capt later
DivGen Mem
Arty Offr
CS Army
Commander IV Corps Artillery [94]
Josef Zmek 1889 1942 Maj later
DivGen Mem
Inf Offr
CS Army
[95]

Legend

Ranks

  1. ArmyGen = Army General, equivalent to General (4-star rank)
  2. LtGen = Lieutenant General (3-star rank)
  3. DivGen = Division General, equivalent to Major General (2-star rank)
  4. ChiefGenIS = Chief General of the Intendent Services, equivalent to Major General
  5. ChiefGenMS = Chief General of the Medical Services, equivalent to Major General
  6. BdeGen = Brigade General, equivalent to Brigadier General (1-star rank)
  7. (Bde)Gen = General, equivalent to Brigadier General
  8. GenLS = General of the Legal Services, equivalent to Brigadier General
  9. GenMS = General of the Medical Services, equivalent to Brigadier General
  10. GenTOSA = General of the Technical Ordnance Service of Aviation, equivalent to Brigadier General
  11. Mem = in memoriam, rank was granted posthumously

Service/Branch

  1. Arty = Artillery, Engr = Engineering, Inf = Infantry, Leg = Legal, Med = Medical, Offr = Officer, Ord = Ordnance
  2. CS = Czechoslovak, Fr = French, Ru = Russian

References

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  3. ^ Lobkowicz, František (1995). Encyklopedie řádů a vyznamenání (in Slovak) (25 May 2007 digitized ed.). Libri. p. 58. ISBN 9788090157996. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
  4. ^ a b c "Syrový, Jan" (in Czech). Valka.cz from Vojenský ústřední archiv (English: Central Military Archives) records. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  5. ^ Šrámek, Pavel (25 July 2001). "Armádní generál Jan Syrový". Československá Armáda: Vojenské Osobnosti (in Czech). Dr Pavel Minarik, PhD & Dr Pavel Šrámek, PhD. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
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  • Lobkowicz, František (1999). Encyklopedie řádů a vyznamenání (English: Encyclopedia of Orders and Decorations) (in Czech). Prague, Czech Republic: Libri. p. 255. ISBN 80-85983-71-0.

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