Pisaura

Pisaura
P. mirabilis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Pisauridae
Genus: Pisaura
Simon, 1886[1]
Species

See text.

Diversity
13 species

Pisaura is a genus of Eurasian spiders in the family Pisauridae.[1]

Description

Pisaura (at least the European species) vary in colouration from yellow and bright brown to mostly red-brown and grey or black. A distinct, bright stripe runs down the middle of the prosoma. The opisthosoma is long, slender and tapering posteriorly. On the dorsal surface of the opisthosoma is a wide, jagged stripe with dark margins. The posterior cheliceral furrow margin has two or three teeth.[2]

Ecology

Spiders of this genus are hunters on the ground or on vegetation.[3]

Taxonomy

The genus name Pisaura was first published by Eugène Simon in 1886.[1][4] In 1757, Carl Alexander Clerck had described a species of spider under the name Araneus mirabilis; later authors placed the species either in Dolomedes or more usually in Ocyale. Simon stated that the type species of Ocyale was entirely different from "Ocyale mirabilis", so placed the species in a new genus as Pisaura mirabilis.[4][5] In the same publication, Simon also described Pisaura valida,[4] later placed in Afropisaura as Afropisaura valida.[6]

Species

As of September 2025, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:[1]

  • Pisaura sp. female, Italy
    Pisaura sp. female, Italy
  • Pisaura cf mirabilis male, Italy
    Pisaura cf mirabilis male, Italy
  • Pisaura mirabilis diagram
    Pisaura mirabilis diagram

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Gen. Pisaura Simon, 1886". World Spider Catalog Version 26.0. Natural History Museum Bern. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 10 September 2025.
  2. ^ "araneae - Pisauridae". araneae.nmbe.ch. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  3. ^ Jäger, Peter (2011-09-30). "Revision of the spider genera Nilus O. Pickard-Cambridge 1876, Sphedanus Thorell 1877 and Dendrolycosa Doleschall 1859 (Araneae: Pisauridae)". Zootaxa. 3046 (1): 1. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3046.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
  4. ^ a b c Simon, E. (1886), "Etudes arachnologiques. 18e Mémoire. XXVI. Matériaux pour servir à la faune des Arachnides du Sénégal", Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (in French and Latin), 6: 345–396, p. 354. The paper relates to a meeting held in November 1885 but not published until March 1886.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  5. ^ "Taxon details Pisaura mirabilis (Clerck, 1997)", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2017-06-02
  6. ^ Blandin, P. (1976), "Etudes sur les Pisauridae africaines VI. Définition des genres Pisaura Simon, 1885, Pisaurellus Roewer, 1961, Afropisaura n. gen. et mise au point sur les espèces des genres Afropisaura and Pisaurellus (Araneae - Pisauridae - Pisaurinae)", Revue Zoologique Africaine, 90: 917–939

Further reading

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