Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India

The Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) is the chief advisor to the Government of India on matters related to scientific policy.^[1] It is currently a Cabinet Secretary level position created in 1999 by the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government.^[2] The first appointed Principal Scientific Adviser was A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.^[3] This was followed by Rajagopala Chidambaram who held the rank of a Minister of State and was the PSA for 16 years.^[4] The current PSA is Ajay Kumar Sood.^[5]

The 'Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser', through the Prime Minister's Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STIAC) helps scientific cross-sectoral synergy across ministries, institutions, and the industry.^[6]

Appointees

There have been a total of four PSAs so far:

No.	Principal Scientific Adviser	Took office	Left office	Ref.
1	Kalam, A. P. J. AbdulA. P. J. Abdul Kalam (15 October 1931–27 July 2015)	1999	2002
2	Chidambaram, RajagopalaRajagopala Chidambaram (12 November 1936–4 January 2025)	2002	2018
3	VijayRaghavan, KrishnaswamyK. VijayRaghavan (born 3 February 1954)	April 2018	April 2022
4	Sood, Ajay K.Ajay K. Sood (born 26 June 1951)	April 2022	Incumbent	^[7]

Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser

The Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India advises the government in science and technology policies and interventions that are of strategic socio-economic importance to the country. This is done in collaboration with various ministries, institutions, academia, and industry. The PM-STIAC is one of the catalysts for such tasks and also oversees the implementation of the tasks.^[8]

Nine National Missions

On 6 March 2019, the PSA announced nine new science and technology missions with a focus on 'Science for People and People for Science':^[9]^[10]

Natural Language Translation
Quantum Frontier
Artificial Intelligence
National Biodiversity Mission
Electric Vehicles
Bio-science for Human Health
Waste to Wealth
Deep Ocean Exploration
Accelerating Growth of New India's Innovations (AGNIi)

Other major projects include Research Clusters, Earth Museum, Brahmaputra River System, I-STEM Facilities Map, and Energy Security.^[11]

Prime Minister's Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STIAC)

The Council allows the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to ascertain the status, challenges and interventions needed in the science and technology domain so as to advise the PM is as best a manner as possible.^[12] The PM's STIAC increases the collaboration and focus needed to answer complex problems in appropriate time periods.^[13] One of the ways this is done is through various missions.^[13]

Members

Members include:^[11]

V. K. Saraswat, Member, NITI Aayog & former Chairman, DRDO
A. S. Kiran Kumar, former Chairman, ISRO
Ajay Kumar Sood, Professor, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru
Lieutenant General Madhuri Kanitkar, Dean, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay, Director, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata
Manjul Bhargava, Professor, Princeton University, USA
Subhash Kak, Professor, Oklahoma State University, USA
Baba Kalyani, Chairman and Managing Director, Bharat Forge, Pune

References

^ "Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) | India Science, Technology & Innovation - ISTI Portal". www.indiascienceandtechnology.gov.in. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
^ "Development : About Us". cabsec.gov.in. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
^ "Remembering India's missile man APJ Abdul Kalam: His 10 big achievements". The Times of India. 15 October 2022. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
^ Somasekhar, M. (2 April 2018). "Is the Centre downgrading the office of Principal Scientific Advisor?". The Hindu @businessline. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
^ Roy, Esha (21 April 2022). "Renowned physicist Ajay Sood appointed new PSA". The Indian Express. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
^ "Principal Scientific Adviser Holds Meeting with Leading MNCs to Position India as a Favoured Destination for R&D". pib.gov.in. 19 July 2019. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
^ Mohan, Vishwa. "Ajay Kumar Sood of IISc Bangalore appointed new Principal Scientific Advisor". The Times of India. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
^ "Overview | Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India". psa.gov.in. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
^ "Principal Scientific Adviser details nine new science and technology missions for the country". Research Matters. 7 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
^ "National Mission on Quantum Technologies & Applications (NMQTA)". tifac.org.in. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
^ ^a ^b (6 March 2019). Prime Minister’s Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STAIC) Press Release. PIB.
^ "Nine Science and Technology Missions with Focus on Science for People and People for Science". pib.gov.in. 6 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Nine Science and Technology Missions with Focus on Science for People and People for Science". pib.gov.in. Ministry of Science & Technology. 6 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

[1] "Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) | India Science, Technology & Innovation - ISTI Portal". www.indiascienceandtechnology.gov.in. Retrieved 9 August 2023.

[2] "Development : About Us". cabsec.gov.in. Retrieved 9 August 2023.

[3] "Remembering India's missile man APJ Abdul Kalam: His 10 big achievements". The Times of India. 15 October 2022. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 9 August 2023.

[:0-4] Somasekhar, M. (2 April 2018). "Is the Centre downgrading the office of Principal Scientific Advisor?". The Hindu @businessline. Retrieved 6 January 2020.

[5] Roy, Esha (21 April 2022). "Renowned physicist Ajay Sood appointed new PSA". The Indian Express. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

[6] "Principal Scientific Adviser Holds Meeting with Leading MNCs to Position India as a Favoured Destination for R&D". pib.gov.in. 19 July 2019. Retrieved 6 January 2020.

[7] Mohan, Vishwa. "Ajay Kumar Sood of IISc Bangalore appointed new Principal Scientific Advisor". The Times of India. Retrieved 4 May 2022.

[8] "Overview | Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India". psa.gov.in. Retrieved 21 March 2020.

[9] "Principal Scientific Adviser details nine new science and technology missions for the country". Research Matters. 7 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2020.

[10] "National Mission on Quantum Technologies & Applications (NMQTA)". tifac.org.in. Retrieved 21 March 2020.

[:3-11] (6 March 2019). Prime Minister’s Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STAIC) Press Release. PIB.

[12] "Nine Science and Technology Missions with Focus on Science for People and People for Science". pib.gov.in. 6 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2020.

[:2-13] "Nine Science and Technology Missions with Focus on Science for People and People for Science". pib.gov.in. Ministry of Science & Technology. 6 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

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