Saint Theodora (Tzanes)

Saint Theodora
Saint Theodora
Greek: Η Αγία Θεοδώρα, ; Italian: Santa Teodora
Artist	Emmanuel Tzanes
Year	c. 1671
Medium	tempera on wood
Movement	Late Cretan School
Subject	Saint Theodora
Dimensions	40.5 cm × 29 cm (15.9 in × 11.4 in)
Location	Byzantine and Christian Museum, Athens, Greece
Owner	Byzantine and Christian Museum
Website	Official Website

Saint Theodora is a tempera painting by Emmanuel Tzanes. Emmanuel Tzanes was a priest and painter. He was from Crete. He migrated to Venice with his two brothers, painter Konstantinos Tzanes and poet Marinos Tzanes. Emmanuel was a priest at San Giorgio dei Greci. The painters remaining works number over 130. He painted in the Greek mannerisms prevalent at the time. Empress Theodora is one of the most important figures in Greek-Italian Byzantine art history. She ended the second scourge of iconoclasm. The word literally means image breaking. Countless priceless icons and paintings were destroyed. The empress was a savior to artists. The painting is at the Byzantine Museum in Athens, Greece.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Description

The painting is egg tempera on gold leaf. The dimensions are 40.5 cm (15.9 in) × 29 cm (11.4 in). The Empress is seated on a throne. The image over emits the gold character prevalent in this style of painting. Italian painters compensated for the removal of gold by adding realism to their paintings. Renaissance oil painters no longer venerated religious figures with gold. The top left and right sides of the painting feature an elaborate decorative rococo motif. The sides are both decorated with ancient Greek corinthian columns. The Empress is covered in precious stones from head to toe.^[5]

The green, red and pink garment features clear striations and folds of fabric. The face of the royal is painted in adequate detail, flesh tones are clearly visible. She points to a painting of the Virgin and Child. The painting is the traditional hodegetria. Jesus is dressed in gold emphasizing the veneration of the deities with the precious metal. The painter clearly exhibits the empress as the savior of the arts. Two eagles are present one faces the east, and the other the west. The open book has a Greek inscription venerating the champion of the arts. It states: In this icon you are venerated, as an icon of the ancients, but also as a saint against iconoclasm. Two angels sit behind her thrown to her left and right.^[6]

References

^ Katselaki, Andromachi (1995). Icon of Emmanuel Tzanes in The Byzantine Museum (Greek). Athens, GR: Deltion of the Christian Archaeological Society, XAE 18 Period Delta. pp. 129–133.
^ Staff Writers (November 15, 2021). "Saint Theodora". Byzantine Museum. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
^ Curator, Museum (2004). The World of the Byzantine Museum. Athens, GR: Ministry of Culture. p. 181. ISBN 9789602143872.
^ Speake, Graham (2021). Emmanuel Tzanes Encyclopedia of Greece and the Hellenic Tradition. London And New York: Rutledge Taylor & Francis Group. p. 443. ISBN 9781135942137.
^ Katselaki, 1995, pp. 129–133
^ Katselaki, 1995, pp. 129–133