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Seal of Cincinnati

Seal of Cincinnati, Ohio
ArmigerCity of Cincinnati
AdoptedMay 19, 1819[1]
CrestWeighing scales, sword, caduceus
SupporterNone
MottoJuncta Juvant
UseMunicipal flag, official correspondence, insignia of city agencies and institutions

The seal of Cincinnati is the official insignia of the city of Cincinnati, Ohio, in the United States. Adopted in 1819,[1] the seal incorporates scales, a sword, and a caduceus. The seal is featured prominently in the flag of Cincinnati and the insignia of city agencies and institutions.[1][2]

Design

The seal's design is defined by city ordinance:

The municipal corporation of Cincinnati, in Hamilton county, shall have a seal which shall consist of a center disc, within a circle. The outer circle shall contain the words "City of Cincinnati" above the disc and the word "Ohio" beneath the disc. At a point immediately above the center of the disc, there shall appear the numerals "1788," surmounted by the scales of justice and the words "Juncta Juvant." Below the numerals shall be a representation of a winged rod entwined by two serpents crossed by a sword. The proportional dimensions of the seal shall be according to the official design on file in the council chamber of the city of Cincinnati.

— C.M.C. §104-1[3]

1788 is the year that Mathias Denman, Colonel Robert Patterson, and Israel Ludlow settled present-day Cincinnati. The year is a relatively recent addition; several insignia based on this seal omit the year, including the flag of Cincinnati and the seal of the mayor of Cincinnati, as seen on mayoral proclamations.[4]

The motto Juncta Juvant is a Latin phrase variously translated as "unity assists", "strength in unity", "together we assist",[5] "united they aid each other",[6] or "together they strive". It derives from the legal principle, quae non valeant singula, juncta juvant ("What is without value on its own, helps when joined"). Two of the elements in the seal are associated with Lady Justice: the scales represent justice, while the sword represents authority and power. The caduceus is the traditional symbol of commerce; its serpents represent wisdom.[7]

Though the city ordinance defining the seal does not specify any colors, the seal is traditionally colored blue and white,[8] and a separate ordinance defining the city flag specifies these colors as well.[9]

History

The seal of Cincinnati is on display in the New Town Hall of Munich, one of Cincinnati's sister cities.

The 1802 act granting Cincinnati its first town charter included a provision for a corporate seal.[10] The first town seal was adopted in a town council meeting on July 17, 1802. It was made of copper and bore the following design:[11]

Cincinnatus, with the word engraved above his head in a circular manner; a plow, sheaf of wheat, bee-hive, and rising sun, with an inscription around the edge, and near the extremity thereof these words, to wit: Corporation of the town of Cincinnati, and with the numeral letters, MDCCCII.

The sun and agricultural implements were common in seals around the time of Ohio's statehood.[12] After Cincinnati received its second town charter in 1815, the town council readopted the 1802 seal.[13] On April 10, 1815, the town council adopted the recommendation of Oliver M. Spencer, Jacob Burnet, and Joseph Warren, adopting the council's seal as the town's corporate seal, replacing "1802" with "1815".[14]

On May 19, 1819, shortly after being reincorporated as a city, Cincinnati adopted the current seal with minor differences.[1][15][16][18] A flag by Emil Rothengatter that incorporates the seal was adopted as Cincinnati's municipal flag unofficially in 1896 and officially in 1940.[1] The year of settlement "1788" was added sometime between 1945 and 1983. It does not appear on the municipal flag.[19]

On December 15, 1967, state law for the first time required all municipalities in the state to adopt the state seal as their own corporate seal. However, the act contained a grandfather clause exempting existing seals, including Cincinnati's.[20]

Usage

Councilmember Laketa Cole and Navy officers at a ceremony in front of City Hall. The city seal is used in formal contexts, such as on lecterns.

The seal appeared on most city vehicles, signs, and letterheads until 2009, when the city adopted a distinct logo by Cincinnati-based Libby, Perszyk, Kathman. The city continues to use the seal on some official documents.[21][22] The seal appears above the entrances to several historic public buildings, including City Hall and the old Water Works building.

The coat of arms is found on the flag of Cincinnati. It has also been incorporated into the University of Cincinnati's seal[23] and the Cincinnati Police Department's badge, as well as the police department's unofficial flag.[24] The original seal of the Cincinnati Public Library incorporated the municipal seal, surmounted by two hands exchanging a candle.[25]

Fort Wayne, Indiana, adopted a nearly identical seal, designed by mayor Franklin P. Randall, in 1858. Instead of "1788" and the motto Juncta Juvant, this seal bears the name "Ke-ki-on-ga", a reference to the former Miami capital that was located at present-day Fort Wayne.[26][27]

Notes and references

  1. ^ a b c d e Purcell, John M.; Croft, James A.; Monahan, Rich (2003). American City Flags: 150 Flags from Akron to Yonkers (PDF). Vol. 1. North American Vexillological Association. pp. 77–78. ISBN 0974772801.
  2. ^ a b "Yes, Cincinnati Has Her Own City Flag; Here It Is — Official By Act Of Congress!". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Vol. 95, no. 351. March 26, 1936. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ Sec. 104-1. Corporate Seal, Cincinnati Municipal Code
  4. ^ For example, see the seal on Cranley, John (October 5, 2017). "Energy Efficiency Day proclamation". Cincinnati Department of Environment and Sustainability. Retrieved May 6, 2018 – via Twitter.
  5. ^ Sixty-Sixth Annual Report of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and Merchants' Exchange for the Year Ending December 31, 1914. Cincinnati: Robert T. Morris Printing Company. 1915. p. 32. hdl:2027/mdp.39015069428095 – via HathiTrust.
  6. ^ "Medals of the Grand Army". American Journal of Numismatics. 36 (2). American Numismatic Society: 56. October 1901. hdl:2027/mdp.39015084379059 – via HathiTrust.
  7. ^ "Flagpole". Fountain Square. Cincinnati Center City Development Corporation. Archived from the original on October 12, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  8. ^ Chapin, Howard M. (1932). "American Municipal Arms". Americana. 26. National Americana Society: 353 – via Internet Archive. Cincinnati, Ohio—Argent in chief a pair of scales, in base a sword and a caduceus in saltire points downwards, azure. Motto—Juncta juvant.
  9. ^ Sec. 104-3. Official City Flag, Cincinnati Municipal Code
  10. ^ Goss, Charles Frederic (1912). Cincinnati—the Queen City (1788–1912). Vol. 1. Cincinnati: S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. p. 94 – via Google Books.
  11. ^ Greve 1904, pp. 442–443.
  12. ^ Price, Rita (September 10, 2003). "Is state-seal story fact or fiction?". The Columbus Dispatch. p. 3D. ISSN 1074-097X. ProQuest 394573203.
  13. ^ History of Cincinnati and Hamilton County, Ohio; Their Past and Present. Cincinnati: S. B. Nelson & Company. 1894. pp. 243–244.
  14. ^ Greve 1904, p. 447: "The seal of the Council was readopted until another should be provided and Oliver M. Spencer, Jacob Burnet and Joseph Warren were appointed a committee to select a new one. … Upon the report of Mr. Burnet of the committee on the city seal, the old seal with an alteration from 1802 to 1815 was adopted."
  15. ^ As seen in Second annual report of the chief engineer of the Cincinnati Fire Department for the year ending April 1, 1855. Gazette Company. 1855. Front cover. OCLC 123535957 – via Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County.
  16. ^ As seen in Mayor's Annual Message, and Reports of the City Departments of the City of Cincinnati, April 14th, 1862. Cincinnati: Johnson, Stephens & Morgan. 1861. Front cover. hdl:2027/umn.31951002483573v – via HathiTrust.
  17. ^ Greve 1904.
  18. ^ The Cincinnati Enquirer in 1936 credited "a committee appointed by Mayor Nicholas Longworth" with preparing the seal.[2] However, while Longworth was a member of the town council, he never served as council president or mayor.[17]
  19. ^ Compare Bechtold, Al J., ed. (1945). Charter, Administrative Code and Code of Ordinances of the city of Cincinnati as in effect March 1, 1945. City of Cincinnati. p. 75. hdl:2027/mdp.39015070558419 – via HathiTrust.
    Spencer, Marian A. (November 14, 1985). "Marian A. Spencer". Letter to Stan Aronoff. Archived from the original on March 2, 2004. Retrieved June 17, 2023 – via Cincinnati History Library and Archives.
  20. ^ Whipple, Edson (October 15, 1967). "General Assembly Solved Ohio's Great Seal Dispute, Or Did It?". The Blade. Toledo, Ohio. p. A2 – via Google News.
  21. ^ Prendergast, Jane (June 12, 2009). "City gets a 'C' for its first logo". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Vol. 169, no. 64. Gannett. p. B1 – via Newspapers.com.
  22. ^ "Macy's pays for new Cincinnati city logo". Akron Beacon Journal. Associated Press. June 12, 2009. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  23. ^ "University Seal". Archives and Rare Books Library, University of Cincinnati. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  24. ^ Millward, Evan (December 4, 2017). "Civilians designed this police flag to honor Cincinnati officers". WCPO-TV. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  25. ^ Digest of the laws and ordinances of Cincinnati, of a general nature, now in force. Cincinnati: E. Morgan and Company. 1842. OCLC 226198341 – via Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County.
  26. ^ Griswold, Bert Joseph; Taylor, Mrs. Samuel R. (1917). The Pictorial History of Fort Wayne, Indiana. Vol. 1. Chicago: Robert O. Law Company. pp. 346, 449 – via Google Books. The present corporation seal of the city of Fort Wayne, designed by Franklin P. Randall, came into use in 1858. It bears the design of a pair of scales, beneath which is a sword and Mercury's wand. Above the scales are the words, 'Kekionga,' and around the outer edge of the design are the words, 'City of Fort Wayne, Indiana.'
  27. ^ Beatty, John D. (June 18, 2013). "The Origins of 'Kekionga' in Fort Wayne's Past, Pt. 1". Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center. Retrieved May 6, 2018.

Further reading

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