Shuswap Lake

Shuswap Lake
Shuswap Lake
	Western reaches of Shuswap Lake
	Shuswap Lake
	The three arms of Shuswap Lake
Location	South-Central British Columbia
Coordinates	50°59′N 119°1′W / 50.983°N 119.017°W
Primary inflows	Adams River, Scotch Creek, Seymour River, Anstey River, Eagle River, Shuswap River (via Mara Lake/Sicamous Narrows), Salmon River
Primary outflows	Little River
Basin countries	Canada
Max. length	89 km (55 mi)
Max. width	5 km (3.1 mi)
Surface area	310 km2 (120 sq mi)
Average depth	61.6 m (202 ft)
Max. depth	161 m (528 ft)
Water volume	19.1 km3 (4.6 cu mi)
Residence time	2.1 years
Surface elevation	347 m (1,138 ft)
Islands	Copper
Settlements	(see article)

Shuswap Lake (pronounced /ˈʃuːʃwɑːp/) is a lake located in the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada that drains via the Little Shuswap River into Little Shuswap Lake. Little Shuswap Lake is the source of the South Thompson River, a branch of the Thompson River, a tributary of the Fraser River. It is at the heart of a region known as the Columbia Shuswap or "the Shuswap", noted for its recreational lakeshore communities including the city of Salmon Arm. The name "Shuswap" is derived from the Shuswap or Secwepemc First Nations people, the most northern of the Interior Salish peoples, whose territory includes the Shuswap. The Shuswap call themselves /ʃǝxwépmǝx/ in their own language, which is called /ʃǝxwepmǝxtʃín/.^[1]

Geography

The central interior plateau of British Columbia drained by the Fraser and Okanagan rivers is part of the Shuswap terrane in British Columbia and northern Washington state. It is dissected by numerous elongated, glacially-overdeepened lake basins which are formed by the same mechanisms as coastal fjords.^[2]^[3]

Shuswap Lake consists of four arms, forming a shape reminiscent of the letter H. The four arms are called Salmon Arm (southwest), Shuswap Arm (west), Anstey Arm (northeast), and Seymour Arm (north). Shuswap Lake connects to Little Shuswap Lake via the Little River, which flows from the end of Shuswap Lake.

To the north-west it is fed by the Adams River, which drains Adams Lake. The Salmon Arm of Shuswap Lake connects to Mara Lake at the Sicamous Channel. The Shuswap River connects via Mara Lake. In the south-west the Salmon River flows into the lake at Salmon Arm. The Eagle River runs down from the Eagle Pass in the Monashees to enter the lake at Sicamous, in the east. The Seymour River empties into the northern end of the Seymour Arm. In addition to these rivers, numerous creeks feed the lake, including Scotch Creek, which runs south to the north shore of the main arm, near the community of the same name.

Ecology

Fish

Shuswap Lake is home to at least fourteen species of fish.^[4] Of these species, the Chinook salmon, Coho salmon, Sockeye salmon, Rainbow trout, Lake trout, and Burbot are of importance regarding recreational fishing.

Invasive Species

Eurasian water milfoil has spread across much of the lake, but is most prevalent in Salmon Arm Bay.^[5] Carp may also be present.

Monster

Like many other lakes, Shuswap Lake has a local lake monster legend attached to it. An eight-metre (25-foot)-long serpentine creature, known as the Shuswap Lake Monster, "Shugumu", or "Shuswaggi", is reported to live in the lake.^[6]

Provincial parks around Shuswap Lake

Several parks are located on the shores of Shuswap Lake, including:

Shuswap Lake Provincial Park
Shuswap Lake Marine Provincial Park
Silver Beach Provincial Park
Tsútswecw Provincial Park (home of the Adams River Sockeye Run)
Cinnemousun Narrows Provincial Park (located at the center of the H)

Communities

Communities bordering the Shuswap Lakes include:

References

^ William J. Poser. "The Names of the First Nations Languages of British Columbia" (PDF). Billposer.org. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
^ Nicholas Eyles, Henry T. Mullins, and Albert C. Hine; "Thick and fast: Sedimentation in a Pleistocene fiord lake of British Columbia, Canada"; Geology, November, 1990, v. 18, p. 1153-1157, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018<1153:TAFSIA>2.3.CO;2
^ Richard L. Brown and J. Murray; "Tectonic denudation of the Shuswap metamorphic terrane of southeastern British Columbia"; Geology, February, 1987, v. 15, p. 142-146, doi:10.1130/00917613(1987)15<142:TDOTSM>2.0.CO;2
^ Communications, Government of Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Communications, Gouvernement du Canada, Pêches et Océans Canada. "Fisheries and Oceans Canada". www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca. Retrieved 2017-01-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "Aquatic Invasive Species « Columbia Shuswap Invasive Species Society". columbiashuswapinvasives.org. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
^ Shuker, Karl, P.N. (1997). From Flying Toads To Snakes With Wings. St. Paul, Minnesota: Llewellyn. p. 222. ISBN 1-56718-673-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)