The Sixth Army of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Altıncı Ordu) was one of the field armies of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the middle 19th century during Ottoman military reforms.
Formations
Order of Battle, 1877
In 1877, it was stationed in Baghdad. It was composed of:
Infantry: Six line regiments and six rifle battalion.[6]
After the Young Turk Revolution and the establishment of the Second Constitutional Era on July 3, 1908, new government initiate a major military reform. Army headquarters were modernized. Its operational area was Mesopotamia. It commanded the following active divisions:[7] The Sixth Army also had inspectorate functions for four Redif (reserve) divisions:[8][9]
Sixth Army
11th Infantry Division (On Birinci Fırka)
12th Infantry Division (On İkinci Fırka)
6th Infantry Division (Altıncı Fırka)
15th Artillery Brigade (On Beşinci Topçu Tugayı)
Redif divisions of the Sixth Army (name of the division denotes its location)
21st Baghdad Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Birinci Bağdad Redif Fırkası)
22nd Basra Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi İkinci Basra Redif Fırkası)
23rd Kelkit Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Üçüncü Kelkit Redif Fırkası)
24th Musul Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Dördüncü Musul Redif Fırkası)
World War I
Order of Battle, August 1914
In August 1914, the army was structured as follows:[10]
^David Nicolle, colour plates by Rafaelle Ruggeri, The Ottoman Army 1914-18, Men-at-Arms 269, Ospray Publishing Ltd., 1994, ISBN1-85532-412-1, p. 14.
^ abZekeriya Türkmen, Mütareke Döneminde Ordunun Durumu ve Yeniden Yapılanması (1918–1920), Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, 2001, ISBN975-16-1372-8, p. 44. (in Turkish)
^Orhan Avcı, Irak'ta Türk Ordusu (1914-1918), Vadi Yayınları, 2004, ISBN975-6768-51-7, p. 29. (in Turkish)
^ abOrhan Avcı, Irak'ta Türk Ordusu (1914-1918), Vadi Yayınları, 2004, ISBN975-6768-51-7, p. 30. (in Turkish)
^ abT.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, Genelkurmay Basım Evi, 1972, p. 145. (in Turkish)
^ abcdIan Drury, Illustrated by Raffaele Ruggeri, The Russo-Turkish War 1877, Men-at-Arms 277, Ospray Publishing Ltd., Reprinted 1999, ISBN1-85532-371-0, p. 35.
^Edward J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912-1913, Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003, p. 17.
^Edward J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912-1913, Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 19.
^T.C. Genelkurmay Başkanlığı, Balkan Harbi, 1912–1913: Harbin Sebepleri, Askerî Hazırlıklar ve Osmanlı Devletinin Harbe Girişi, Genelkurmay Basımevi, 1970, pp. 87-90. (in Turkish)
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 38.
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 86.
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 109.
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 126.
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 134.
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 154.
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 170, 181, 188.
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 197.
^Edward J. Erickson, Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001, ISBN0-313-31516-7, p. 202.