On August 30, 2016, the Pirates traded Tarpley and Tito Polo to the New York Yankees as the players to be named later in the August 1 trade for Iván Nova.[5] New York assigned him to the High–A Tampa Yankees of the FSL, and he pitched in one game for them, giving up five runs in five innings. He spent 2017 with both Tampa and the Trenton Thunder of the Double–AEastern League, going a combined 7–0 with an 0.88 ERA and 0.88 WHIP in 18 total relief appearances between the two clubs.[6]
In 2018, Tarpley pitched for Trenton[7] and Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders of the Triple–AInternational League.[8] The Yankees promoted him to the major leagues on September 1,[9] and he made his major league debut the next day. Tarpley pitched in 10 regular season games for the Yankees during his September call up and impressed the Yankees enough to be placed on their post-season roster. During the playoffs he pitched one inning in game three of the 2018 American League Division Series against the Red Sox.
On June 9, 2019, Tarpley recorded his first career save in an extra-innings win against the Cleveland Indians.[10] Tarpley logged a 6.93 ERA in 21 appearances on the year.
On January 15, 2020, Tarpley was traded to the Miami Marlins in exchange for James Nelson.[12] On August 5, 2020, Tarpley earned his first Marlins save.[13] In 12 games with Miami, Tarpley recorded a 2–2 record 9.00 ERA. On January 3, 2021, the Marlins designated Tarpley for assignment.[14]
New York Mets
On January 8, 2021, Tarpley was claimed off waivers by the New York Mets.[15] Tarpley struggled to a 15.58 ERA in 9 appearances for the Triple-A Syracuse Mets, and allowed 1 run in his only appearance with the Mets without recording an out. He was designated for assignment on July 11.[16] Tarpley was released by the Mets on July 16.[16]
Long Island Ducks
On April 22, 2022, Tarpley signed with the Long Island Ducks of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball.[17] On July 9, Tarpley’s contract was purchased by the San Francisco Giants organization and he was assigned to the Double-A Richmond Flying Squirrels.[18] However, Tarpley did not appear in a game for the Giants organization and re-signed with the Ducks on July 14.[19] He appeared in 20 games, making 16 starts and going 4-7 with a 4.64 ERA and 92 strikeouts in 85+1⁄3 innings pitched.
On April 18, 2023, Tarpley re-signed with the Ducks for the 2023 season.[20] In 14 starts, he registered a 4–5 record and 4.90 ERA with 70 strikeouts in 71+2⁄3 innings pitched.
Lexington Counter Clocks
On July 28, 2023, Tarpley was traded to the Lexington Counter Clocks in exchange for Merandy González.[21] In one start for the Counter Clocks, he allowed seven runs on eight hits with five strikeouts. On February 27, 2024, Tarpley was released by Lexington.[22]
Sultanes de Monterrey
On March 1, 2024, Tarpley signed with the Sultanes de Monterrey of the Mexican League.[23] In 17 starts for Monterrey, he compiled a 7–3 record and 4.11 ERA with 75 strikeouts across 81 innings pitched.