Superoxide reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of highly reactive and toxic superoxide (O2 − ) into less toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ):
reduced rubredoxin + O2 − + 2 H+
⇌ ⇌ -->
{\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }
rubredoxin + H2 O2
Fe2+ + O2 − + 2 H+
⇌ ⇌ -->
{\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }
Fe3+ + H2 O2
Hydrogen peroxide in turn is reduced to water by rubrerythrin . The 3 substrates of this enzyme are reduced rubredoxin , superoxide , and H+ , whereas its two products are rubredoxin and H2 O2 .
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases , specifically those acting on superoxide as acceptor (only sub-subclass identified to date). The systematic name of this enzyme class is rubredoxin:superoxide oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include neelaredoxin , and desulfoferrodoxin .
Structural studies
As of late 2007[update] , 9 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1VZG , 1VZH , 1VZI , 1Y07 , 2AMU , 2HVB , 2JI1 , 2JI2 , and 2JI3 .
References
Further reading
Jenney FE, Verhagen MF, Cui X, Adams MW (1999). "Anaerobic microbes: oxygen detoxification without superoxide dismutase". Science . 286 (5438): 306–9. doi :10.1126/science.286.5438.306 . PMID 10514376 .
Yeh AP, Hu Y, Jenney FE, Adams MW, Rees DC (2000). "Structures of the superoxide reductase from Pyrococcus furiosus in the oxidized and reduced states". Biochemistry . 39 (10): 2499–508. doi :10.1021/bi992428k . PMID 10704199 .
Lombard M, Fontecave M, Touati D, Niviere V (2000). "Reaction of the desulfoferrodoxin from Desulfoarculus baarsii with superoxide anion. Evidence for a superoxide reductase activity" . J. Biol. Chem . 275 (1): 115–21. arXiv :1412.5038 . doi :10.1074/jbc.275.1.115 . PMID 10617593 . S2CID 7932649 .
Teixeira M; Saraiva, LM; Carita, J; Huber, H; Stetter, KO; Cabelli, D; Teixeira, M (2000). "Oxygen detoxification in the strict anaerobic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus: superoxide scavenging by neelaredoxin" . Mol. Microbiol . 38 (2): 322–34. doi :10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02121.x . PMID 11069658 . S2CID 37827538 .
Activity Regulation Classification Kinetics Types